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21.
Cristina Tassorelli Francesca Mancini Laura Balloni Claudio Pacchetti Giorgio Sandrini Giuseppe Nappi Emilia Martignoni 《Movement disorders》2006,21(12):2240-2243
Currently, the best treatment option for idiopathic cervical dystonia (ICD) is injection of botulinum toxin (BTX) into the affected muscles, whereas rehabilitative approaches have given disappointing results. We evaluated whether the association of an ad hoc rehabilitative program may improve the clinical efficacy of BTX treatment in a single-center, cross-over, controlled study. Forty patients with ICD were randomly assigned to two different treatment groups: (1) BTX type A (BTX-A) plus a specific program of physical therapy (BTX-PT) or (2) BTX-A alone (BTX-0). Patients in the BTX-PT group showed a longer duration of the clinical benefit (118.8 vs. 99.1 days) and needed a lower dose of BTX at reinjection (284.5 vs. 325.5 units). In addition, they showed more marked reductions in their disability in activities of daily living (-9.7 vs. -4.85 points) and subjective pain (-13.35 vs. 6.95 points) scores. Association of BTX-A therapy with a specific program of physical therapy may improve ICD treatment outcome. 相似文献
22.
Gabriele Masi Giulio Perugi Cristina Toni Stefania Millepiedi Maria Mucci Nicoletta Bertini Hagop S Akiskal 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2006,59(7):603-610
BACKGROUND: Recent research has addressed the issue of subtyping juvenile bipolar disorder (JBD). Accordingly, we set out to find out, in a naturalistic sample of bipolar children and adolescents with mania and mixed mania, whether the most useful subtyping should be based on clinical features (elated vs. irritable) or course (episodic vs. chronic). METHODS: We studied 136 patients, 81 male patients (59.6%) and 55 female patients (40.4%), mean age 13.5 +/- 2.9 years, meeting the DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder, assessed by a structured clinical interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version [K-SADS-PL]). RESULTS: Regarding course, 77 patients (56.6%) had an episodic course and 59 patients (43.4%) had a chronic course. Patients with chronic course were significantly younger, had an earlier onset of JBD, and presented a more frequent comorbidity with disruptive behavior disorders. According to the prevalent mood disturbance, 75 patients (55.1%) showed an elated and 61 patients (44.9%) showed an irritable mood. Elated mood was more frequent in patients with episodic course, whereas irritable mood was more frequent in the patients with chronic course. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that chronic versus episodic course may be a putative differential feature. Further validation of such a distinction would require prospective studies, temperament evaluation, gender and neurobiologic approaches, and differential psychopharmacologic assignment and response. 相似文献
23.
Jorge Polónia Jo?o Maldonado Rui Ramos Susana Bertoquini Mary Duro Cristina Almeida Jo?o Ferreira Loide Barbosa José Alberto Silva Luís Martins 《Revista portuguesa de cardiologia》2006,25(9):801-817
BACKGROUND: Portugal has one of the highest mortality rates from stroke, a high prevalence of hypertension and probably a high salt intake level. AIM: To evaluate Portuguese salt intake levels and their relationship to blood pressure and arterial stiffness in a sample of four different adult populations living in northern Portugal. METHODS: A cross-sectional study evaluating 24-hour urinary excretion of sodium (24 h UNa+), potassium and creatinine, blood pressure (BP), and pulse wave velocity (PWV) as an index of aortic stiffness in adult populations of sustained hypertensives (HT), relatives of patients with previous stroke (Fam), university students (US) and factory workers (FW), in the context of their usual dietary habits. RESULTS: We evaluated a total of 426 subjects, mean age 50 +/- 22 years, 56% female, BMI 27.9+/-5.1, BP 159/92 mmHg, PWV 10.4+/-2.2 m/s, who showed mean 24h UNa+ of 202 +/- 64 mmol/d, corresponding to a daily salt intake of 12.3 g (ranging from 5.2 to 24.8). The four groups were: HT: n = 245, 49 +/- 18 years, 92% of those selected, 69% treated, BP 163/94 mmHg, PWV 11.9 m/s, 24 h UNa+ 212 mmol/d, i.e. 12.4 g/d of salt); Fam: n = 38, 64 +/- 20 years, 57 % of those selected, BP 144/88 mmHg, PWV 10.5 m/s, 24 h UNa+ 194 mmol/d, i.e. 11.1 g/d of salt; US: n = 82, 22 +/- 3 years, 57% of those selected, BP 124/77 mmHg, PWV 8.7 m/s, 24h UNa+ 199 mmol/d, i.e. 11.3 g/d of salt; FW: n = 61, 39 9 years, 47% of those selected, BP 129/79 mmHg, PWV 9.5 m/s, 24 h UNa+ 221 mmol/d, i.e. 12.9 g/d of salt. The ratio of urinary sodium/potassium excretion (1.9 (0.4) was significantly higher in HT than the other three groups. In the 426 subjects, 24h UNa+ correlated significantly (p < 0.01) with systolic BP (r = 0.209) and with PWV (r=0.256) after adjustment for age and BP. Multivariate analysis showed that BP, age and 24h UNa+ correlated independently with PWV taken as a dependent variable. CONCLUSIONS: Four different Portuguese populations showed similarly high mean daily salt intake levels, almost double those recommended by the WHO. Overall, high urinary sodium excretion correlated consistently with high BP levels and appeared to be an independent determining factor of arterial stiffness. These findings suggest that Portugal in general has a high salt intake diet, and urgent measures are required to restrict salt consumption in order to prevent and treat hypertensive disease and to reduce overall cardiovascular risk and events. 相似文献
24.
Ana C Mendes M Madalena Caldeira Claudia Silva Shawn C Burgess Matthew E Merritt Filipe Gomes Cristina Barosa Teresa C Delgado Fatima Franco Pedro Monteiro Luis Providencia John G Jones 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2006,56(5):1121-1125
Menthol glucuronide was isolated from the urine of a healthy 70-kg female subject following ingestion of 400 mg of peppermint oil and 6 g of 99% [U-(13)C]glucose. Glucuronide (13)C-excess enrichment levels were 4-6% and thus provided high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) for confident assignment of (13)C-(13)C spin-coupled multiplet components within each (13)C resonance by (13)C NMR. The [U-(13)C]glucuronide isotopomer derived via direct pathway conversion of [U-(13)C]glucose to [U-(13)C]UDP-glucose was resolved from [1,2,3-(13)C(3)]- and [1,2-(13)C(2)]glucuronide isotopomers derived via Cori cycle or indirect pathway metabolism of [U-(13)C]glucose. In a second study, a group of four overnight-fasted patients (63 +/- 10 kg) with severe heart failure were given peppermint oil and infused with [U-(13)C]glucose for 4 hr (14 mg/kg prime, 0.12 mg/kg/min constant infusion) resulting in a steady-state plasma [U-(13)C]glucose enrichment of 4.6% +/- 0.6%. Menthol glucuronide was harvested and glucuronide (13)C-isotopomers were analyzed by (13)C NMR. [U-(13)C]glucuronide enrichment was 0.6% +/- 0.1%, and the sum of [1,2,3-(13)C(3)] and [1,2-(13)C(2)]glucuronide enrichments was 0.9% +/- 0.2%. From these data, flux of plasma glucose to hepatic UDPG was estimated to be 15% +/- 4% that of endogenous glucose production (EGP), and the Cori cycle accounted for at least 32% +/- 10% of GP. 相似文献
25.
Angela Alama Federica Barbieri Renato Spaziante Cristina Bruzzo Patrizia Dadati Alessandra Dorcaratto Jean Louis Ravetti 《Journal of clinical neuroscience》2007,14(4):355-358
Forty-four evaluable patients with intracranial meningiomas were assessed for the expression of the cell-cycle regulator cyclin D1 and of proteins involved in proliferation and apoptosis such as PCNA, MIB-1, p53 and bcl-2. Analyses were carried out by western blot and immunohistochemistry after immediate processing of fresh tumor specimens. By western blot, expression of cyclin D1 significantly correlated with p53 (p=0.02) and with proliferative activity, as assessed by PCNA expression (p=0.0009). By immunohistochemistry, a significant relationship between cyclin D1 and the proliferation marker MIB-1 was confirmed (p=0.05), whereas significance with bcl-2 expression was not found (p=0.01). Moreover, although the association with tumor grade appeared of borderline statistical significance (p=0.07), all the grade II/III meningiomas showed increased expression of cyclin D1 and high proliferative activity. In conclusion, data from this preliminary study seem to suggest a potential value of the combined expression of cyclin D1 and proliferation indicators in defining subgroups of meningiomas with a more aggressive biological behavior. 相似文献
26.
Jordi Llorens Cristina Su ol Josep M. Tusell Eduard Rodrí guez-Farr 《Neurotoxicology and teratology》1990,12(6):607-610
The inhibition of [35S]t-butylbicyclophosphorothionate ([35S]TBPS) binding to the GABAA receptor by the insecticide γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, lindane, was studied in several brain regions and using different membrane preparation methods, both in vitro and after dosing the animals with the chemical. In the latter studies, the amount of lindane remaining in the membrane suspensions used for binding assays was determined. In vitro data showed values of IC50 from 150 to 1675 nM, varying in function of the membrane preparation method used. This may account for the discrepancies in IC50 values found in the literature. IC50 values within the range of 150–250 nM were determined using extensively washed membranes from several brain regions, so no evidence arose for brain regional differences in the affinity of lindane for the TBPS binding site. After different schedules of acute treatment with lindane, we found a manifest relationship between the extent of the observable inhibition of [35S]TBPS binding and the lindane amount remaining in the membrane suspensions used for binding assays. This relationship was in good agreement with the in vitro data, so no support for an in vivo acute regulation of the binding site was obtained. 相似文献
27.
M. Giagheddu G. Puggioni G. Sanna G. Tamburini F. Marrosu M. G. Rachele B. Murgia G. Rosati 《Acta neurologica Scandinavica》1989,79(4):326-333
From 1.1.1958 to 31.12.1986, 110 cases of MG were observed in Sardinia, with a mean annual incidence of 2.5 x 1,000,000 inhabitants and prevalence rates of 7.5, 17.6, 31.4 and 45.0 x 1,000,000 inhabitants respectively (prevalence days: 15.10.1961, 24.10.1971, 25.10.1981 and 31.12.1986). The disease was found to be more frequent in women. There were no differences in the distribution of MG in various areas of the island. The muscle group more frequently involved at onset was the ocular. In 6.4% of patients an association with thyroid disorders was observed. The mortality of MG patients was significantly higher than expected. Removal of the thymus, carried out in 58 patients, was shown to be useful in the treatment of the disease, particularly in patients without thymomas. No familial cases were observed. 相似文献
28.
Elise Chiffoleau Gaëlle Bériou Patrick Dutartre Claire Usal Jean-Paul Soulillou Maria Cristina Cuturi 《American journal of transplantation》2002,2(8):745-757
A 20-day treatment with LF15-0195, a deoxyspergualine analog, induced long-term heart allograft survival in the rat without signs of chronic rejection. LF15-0195-treated recipients did not develop an anti-donor alloantibody response. Analysis of graft-infiltrating cells, IL10, TNFalpha, IFNgamma mRNA and iNOS protein expression in allografts, 5 days after transplantation, showed that they were markedly decreased in allografts from LF15-0195-treated recipients compared with allografts from untreated recipients. Surprisingly, spleen T cells from LF15-0195 recipients, 5days after grafting, were able to proliferate strongly in vitro, when stimulated with donor cells, but had reduced mRNA expression for IFNy compared with spleen T cells from untreated graft recipients. Furthermore, when T cells from naive animals were stimulated in vitro, using anti-CD3 and anti-CD28, LF15-0195 also increased T-cell proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion: however, these cells expressed less of the Th1 -related cytokines, IFNgamma and IL2, compared with untreated cells, suggesting that LF15-0195 could act on T-cell differentiation. In conclusion, we show here that a short-term treatment with LF15-0195 induced long-term allograft tolerance, decreasing the in situ anti-donor response, and we illustrate evidence for the development of regulatory mechanisms. 相似文献
29.
Raquel Carreira Ana Duarte Pedro Monteiro Maria Sancha Santos Ana Cristina Rego Catarina R Oliveira Lino M Gon?alves Luís A Providência 《Revista portuguesa de cardiologia》2004,23(11):1447-1455
Ischemia negatively affects mitochondrial function by inducing the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). The MPT is triggered by oxidative stress, which occurs in mitochondria during ischemia as a result of diminished antioxidant defenses and increased reactive oxygen species production. It causes mitochondrial dysfunction and can ultimately lead to cell death. Therefore, drugs able to minimize mitochondrial damage induced by ischemia may prove to be clinically effective. We analyzed the effect of carvedilol, a beta-blocker with antioxidant properties, on mitochondrial dysfunction. Carvedilol decreased levels of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), an indicator of oxidative stress, which is consistent with its antioxidant properties. Regarding cell death by apoptosis, although ischemia did increase caspase-8-like activity, there were no changes in caspase-3-like activity, which is activated downstream of caspase-8; this may indicate that the apoptotic cascade is not activated by 60 minutes of ischemia. We conclude that carvedilol protects ischemic mitochondria by preventing oxidative mitochondrial damage, and, by so doing, it may also inhibit the formation of the MPT pore. 相似文献
30.