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41.
42.
Bove A Bongarzoni G Dragani G Serafini F Di Iorio A Palone G Stella S Corbellini L 《The American surgeon》2004,70(6):533-536
Hypocalcemia following parathyroid-sparing total thyroidectomy is frequent and can prolong hospital stay. We undertook this study to identify preoperative predictors of postoperative hypocalcemia useful in the postoperative management of these patients. We examined patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for benign disease with preservation of at least three parathyroids from January 2000 to January 2001. Low serum calcium was considered below 8.0 mg/dL. Age, gender, preoperative serum calcium, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), T3, T4, albumin, cholesterol, and tryglicerides were compared in patients with normal and low serum calcium level on the second postoperative day and on discharge day by using chi2 test and a model of logistic regression. Data were reported using their frequency distribution among the two groups of patients. Eighty patients, 60 females (F) and 20 males (M), underwent parathyroid-sparing total thyroidectomy. On second postoperative day, hypocalcemia occurred in 42 patients, and 56 per cent were symptomatic. Only female gender (88% F vs 12% M) (P < 0.05) and TSH <0.27 mUI/mL (38% vs 18%) (P < 0.05) predicted hypocalcemia. Similarly, female gender predicted hypocalcemia in a logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05). On the day of discharge, 22 patients had low serum calcium levels, and 50 per cent were symptomatic. At this time, only TSH value < 0.27 mlU/mL significantly predicted hypocalcemia (48% vs 17%) (P < 0.05). This was confirmed in a logistic regression analysis (P < 0.05). All but one patient (98%) eventually returned to normal serum calium levels. Despite preservation of parathyroids, transient symptomatic hypocalcemia is common after total thyroidectomy. Female gender and low TSH serum level predicted hypocalcemia. Therefore, female patients undergoing total thyroidectomy with preoperative low TSH levels should receive calcium prophylaxis to decrease morbidity, shorten hospital stay, and decrease costs. 相似文献
43.
High-resolution real-time ultrasonography of thyroid nodules 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
High-resolution real-time ultrasonography was used to evaluate 98 patients with palpable abnormalities of the thyroid and positive isotopic studies. It confirmed 37 of 73 (51%) suspected solitary nodules. Of 25 patients thought to have multinodular goiter, sonography was supportive in 21 (84%). In patients with adenoma or adenomatous nodules, characteristic features included a sonolucent "halo". Colloid nodules tended to be more sonolucent than normal thyroid tissue, whereas Hashimoto thyroiditis was characterized by an enlarged gland and decreased echogenicity. 相似文献
44.
Trypanosoma cruzi can modulate a large number of host intracellular responses during its invasion. GTPases such as RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 are examples of molecules that could be activated at this moment and trigger changes in the pattern of F-actin cytoskeleton leading to the formation of structures like stress fibers, lamellipodium and fillopodium, respectively. Here we investigate the role of these GTPases in the cytoskeletal rearrangement of MDCK cell transfectants expressing variants of RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 during T. cruzi infection. The adhesion, internalization and the survival rate were determined. Rac1 mutants showed the higher adhesion and internalization indexes but the lower survival index after 48 h of infection. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed changes in the pattern of F-actin distribution and reorganization at the site of trypomastigote invasion. These observations suggest that these GTPases act in the signaling mechanisms that affect the F-actin cytoskeleton during T. cruzi invasion. 相似文献
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46.
Organization, expression and polymorphism of the human persyn gene 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Ninkina NN; Alimova-Kost MV; Paterson JW; Delaney L; Cohen BB; Imreh S; Gnuchev NV; Davies AM; Buchman VL 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(9):1417-1424
Persyn is a recently identified member of the synuclein family with a
distinct pattern of expression during pre- and postnatal development of the
mouse peripheral and central nervous systems. As with other synucleins,
persyn is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of human
neurodegenerative diseases. However, in contrast to other synucleins, high
levels of persyn mRNA expression were also found in advanced breast
carcinomas, suggesting an involvement of the encoded protein in breast
tumour progression. Here we have used an antibody specific to human persyn
to demonstrate that the level of this protein is increased in ageing
cerebral cortex and in breast tumours. We cloned, characterized and
sequenced the human persyn genomic locus and localized it to the long arm
of chromosome 10 in the q23.2-q23.3 region. Sequence information was used
to search for specific mutations in the protein coding regions of persyn
mRNA and the persyn gene in breast tumours and tumour cell lines. No
tumour-specific mutations were found, but two linked polymorphisms in the
coding region were detected, both in mRNA and exons III and IV of the gene.
These results suggest that development of breast tumours correlates with
overexpression of the wild-type persyn protein. Detailed characterization
of the human persyn locus is important for further studies of the
involvement of persyn in neurodegeneration and malignancy.
相似文献
47.
In recent years it has become accepted that healthy human intestinal microflora may play an important part in priming the infants' systemic and mucosal immunity. Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota is a topical area of nutritional sciences and the main focus of many current functional foods such as non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs). Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and trans-β-galacto-oligosaccharides (TOS) have been claimed to benefit the health of the colon by selectively stimulating the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (prebiotic effect). It could be of clinical interest to manipulate colonic flora because it is supposed that specific bacteria in the gut microbial microflora could promote potentially antiallergenic processes and play a key part in atopic disease prevention. Supporting this view is the finding that analysis of the composition of the intestinal bacterial populations showed different microbial patterns between healthy and allergic individuals. Assuming that non-digestible TOS and FOS can affect the intestinal ecosystem beneficially, the opportunity for gut flora manipulation arises in bottle-fed infants. New preterm and term infant milk formulas, supplemented with a mixture of TOS and FOS as prebiotic ingredients induced a significantly higher colonization of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. In the future, selective manipulation of the intestinal microbiota might be an approach to novel prophylactic and therapeutic intervention strategies of atopy, by redirecting allergic Th-2 responses in favour of Th-1 responses. 相似文献
48.
Hongjian Pu Cheng Ma Yongfang Zhao Yangfan Wang Wenting Zhang Wanying Miao Fang Yu Xiaoming Hu Yejie Shi Rehana K Leak T Kevin Hitchens C Edward Dixon Michael VL Bennett Jun Chen 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2021,41(11):2870
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is commonly followed by long-term cognitive deficits that severely impact the quality of life in survivors. Recent studies suggest that microglial/macrophage (Mi/MΦ) polarization could have multidimensional impacts on post-TBI neurological outcomes. Here, we report that repetitive intranasal delivery of interleukin-4 (IL-4) nanoparticles for 4 weeks after controlled cortical impact improved hippocampus-dependent spatial and non-spatial cognitive functions in adult C57BL6 mice, as assessed by a battery of neurobehavioral tests for up to 5 weeks after TBI. IL-4-elicited enhancement of cognitive functions was associated with improvements in the integrity of the hippocampus at the functional (e.g., long-term potentiation) and structural levels (CA3 neuronal loss, diffusion tensor imaging of white matter tracts, etc.). Mechanistically, IL-4 increased the expression of PPARγ and arginase-1 within Mi/MΦ, thereby driving microglia toward a global inflammation-resolving phenotype. Notably, IL-4 failed to shift microglial phenotype after TBI in Mi/MΦ-specific PPARγ knockout (mKO) mice, indicating an obligatory role for PPARγ in IL-4-induced Mi/MΦ polarization. Accordingly, post-TBI treatment with IL-4 failed to improve hippocampal integrity or cognitive functions in PPARγ mKO mice. These results demonstrate that administration of exogenous IL-4 nanoparticles stimulates PPARγ-dependent beneficial Mi/MΦ responses, and improves hippocampal function after TBI. 相似文献
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