基于SWOT分析的医学网络在线考核方法的策略

运用SWOT法对新形势下医学网络在线考核从优势（strength）、劣势（weakness）、机会（opportunity）和威胁（threat）4个维度展开探讨,并把各因素相互匹配加以分析,提出SO、WO、ST和WT四类战略,以期能为医学考核方式未来的发展提供思路与建议。     

载脂蛋白A5基因-1131T/C多态性与2型糖尿病血脂及其颈动脉内膜中层厚度相关性研究

目的 探讨载脂蛋白A5基因(ApoA5)-1131T/C多态性与成都地区汉族人群2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血脂及其颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的关系.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)结合聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)技术,分析154例T2DM患者和206例正常对照者ApoA5基因一1131T/C多态性.酶法测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C).颈动脉超声多普勒检查T2DM患者的颈动脉内膜中层厚度.结果 ApoA5基因一1131T/C多态位点T、C等位基因频率在T2DM组和正常对照组分别为0.721、0.279和0.760、0.240.基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律.ApoA5基因-1131T/C位点基因型频率和T、C等位基因频率在T2DM组和正常对照组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).CC纯合子患T2DM风险是TT纯合子的2.432倍(95%CI:1.081～5.473).T2DM组ApoA5基因一1131T/C位点C等位基因携带者(TC)基因型和CC基因型的血清TG水平和TG/HDL-C比值均高于竹基因型携带者(P<0.05).正常对照组TC基因型携带者的血清TG水平和TG/HDL-C比值较TT基因型携带者升高(P<0.05).T2DM组颈动脉IMT ApoA5基因-1131T/C位点CC基因型亚组较TT基因型亚组有增加趋势(P=0.08).结论 ApoA5基因-1131T/C多态性与T2DM的发生无相关性,但CC基因型患T2DM的风险增加.ApDA5基因-1131T/C多态性与正常对照及T2DM患者的血清TG水平和TG/HDL-C比值增高有关,但与T2DM患者颈动脉IMT的相关性需进一步研究.     

Overexpression of transmembrane protein 102 implicates poor prognosis and chemoresistance in epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients

Most ovarian cancer patients experience disease recurrence and chemotherapeutic resistance, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Identifying relevant pathways could reveal new therapeutic targets. Here we examined expression of transmembrane protein 102 (TMEM102), a biomarker of prognosis and chemoresistance, in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and assessed its role in inhibiting tumor cell apoptosis. We performed qRT-PCR to investigate the association of TMEM102 expression with clinical outcomes in 226 EOC patients. We also conducted in vitro studies to explore possible mechanisms through which TMEM102 may influence chemoresistance, including the effects of downregulating TMEM102 expression with small interfering RNA. Serous and high-grade carcinomas expressed significantly higher TMEM102 than normal ovarian tissues. TMEM102 was also overexpressed in patients with advanced-stage disease and chemoresistance. Reduction of TMEM102 expression by small interfering RNA induced ovarian cancer cell apoptosis after cytotoxic treatment. TMEM102 overexpression enhanced chemoresistance via upregulation of heat shock proteins 27, 60, and 70; and survivin, resulting in decreased cytochrome c in the mitochondria and decreased caspase 9 expression. Our results indicate that TMEM102 overexpression may promote chemoresistance via inhibition of a mitochondria-associated apoptotic pathway.     

Improving the prognostic ability of PET/CT SUVmax to identify follicular lymphoma with early treatment failure

Follicular lymphoma (FL) has a high degree of heterogeneity both clinically and molecularly. Early treatment failure (ETF), progression or relapse within 24 months of frontline immunochemotherapy is associated with a poor prognosis in FL. However, the clinical utility of ETF at diagnosis is limited. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is a metabolic parameter for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT); nevertheless, the relationship between SUVmax and ETF remains unclear. Thus, identifying early biomarkers that incorporate SUVmax and other clinical correlative variables could be helpful in identifying patients at high risk of ETF. A nomogram consisted of three independent variables, including SUVmax ≥ 12, beta-2 microglobulin > 3 mg/L, and Ki67 > 40%, was established to predict ETF in 127 patients with grade 1, 2, or 3a FL from the First Hospital of Jilin University (training cohort) and was validated using data from the Duke University Medical Center (validation cohort, n=95). The nomogram demonstrated prognostic accuracy in predicting ETF (sensitivity 70.8% and specificity 83.5% in the training cohort; sensitivity 84.2% and specificity 68.4% in the validation cohort). The patients were stratified into three groups: low-, intermediate-, and high-risk. In the training cohort, the corresponding 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 81.7%, 73.4%, and 34.9%, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 97.4%, 87.4%, and 62.3%, respectively. In the validation cohort, the 5-year PFS rates were 77.7%, 52.9%, and 34.8%, and the 5-year OS rates were 96.4%, 94.1%, and 73.7%, respectively. This was the first study to use a nomogram with SUVmax to predict ETF in FL to identify a subset of patients who might benefit from individualized targeted therapy.     

Performance comparison of two nucleic acid amplification systems for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection: A multi‐center study

BackgroundMany rapid nucleic acid testing systems have emerged to halt the development and spread of COVID‐19. However, so far relatively few studies have compared the diagnostic performance between these testing systems and conventional detection systems. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis to evaluate the clinical detection performance between SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid and conventional nucleic acid detection system.MethodsClinical detection results of 63,352 oropharyngeal swabs by both systems were finally enrolled in this analysis. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of both systems were calculated to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy. Concordance between these two systems were assessed by overall, positive, negative percent agreement (OPA, PPA, NPA) and κ value. Sensitivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid nucleic acid detection system (Daan Gene) was further analyzed with respect to the viral load of clinical specimens.ResultsSensitivity of Daan Gene was slightly lower than that of conventional detection system (0.86 vs. 0.979), but their specificity was equivalent. Daan Gene had ≥98.0% PPV and NPV for SARS‐CoV‐2. Moreover, Daan Gene demonstrated an excellent test agreement with conventional detection system (κ = 0.893, p = 0.000). Daan Gene was 99.31% sensitivity for specimens with high viral load (C _t < 35) and 50% for low viral load (C _t ≥ 35).ConclusionsWhile showing an analytical sensitivity slightly below than that of conventional detection system, rapid nucleic acid detection system may be a diagnostic alternative to rapidly identify SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected individuals with high viral loads and a powerful complement to current detection methods.     

高效液相色谱波长切换法同时测定参芪益气口服液中3种成分含量

目的:建立HPLC波长切换法同时测定参芪益气口服液中绿原酸、阿魏酸、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量的方法。方法:采用反相高效液相法,色谱柱为Agilent HC-C18(250 nm×4.6 nm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 ml/min,采用波长转换法,绿原酸、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷检测波...     

中西医结合治疗216例哮喘儿童的临床效果与生活质量评价

目的对中西医结合治疗支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患儿临床疗效与生活质量进行评价,并以单纯西医治疗为对照,探讨哮喘中西医结合治疗的优势。方法在GINA方案的基础上将444例哮喘患儿随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组加用中药汤剂及穴位贴敷,总疗程2年,观察两组治疗前后临床疗效指标及生活质量变化。结果在改善肺功能、减少呼吸道感染次数方面,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,观察组优于对照组。观察组在住院率、急诊率、缺课率（节）、心理障碍率、运动受限率等方面优于对照组,P〈0．01,提高哮喘患儿生活质量方面优于对照组。结论中西医结合治疗小儿哮喘能显著改善哮喘患儿临床症状及肺功能,具有较好的远期疗效,并能显著提高哮喘患儿的生活质量。     

海参猴桃液辅以少量rIL-2对免疫杀伤细胞活性的正向调节研究

目的 :探讨用中药海参猴桃液 (SSAP)辅以基因重组人白细胞介素 2 (rIL -2 )体外培养扩增、激活免疫杀伤细胞LAK的机理 ,观察SSAP辅以少量rIL -2能否提高及在多大程度上提高LAK细胞的杀瘤活性。方法 :通过提取健康供血者的外周血单个核细胞作为待培养细胞 ,设空白对照组 (加等量生理盐水 )、阳性对照组 (1 0 0 0U/mlrIL -2 1ml)、实验 1组 (1 0 0 0U/mlrIL -2 0 .5ml +30 0 0 μg/mlSSAP 1ml)、实验 2组 (1 0 0 0U/mlrIL -20 .1ml+30 0 0 μg/mlSSAP 1ml) ,4组在不同条件下培养LAK细胞 ,分别用H -TdR释放法检定其体外对人肝癌BEF -740 4杀伤活性。结果 :30 0 0 μg/ml的SSAP +1 0 0 0U/mlrIL -20 .1ml在培养第 3天便能测出杀伤活性 ,第 9天达峰值 [杀瘤率 (75 .5± 1 3.6 ) % ],杀瘤活性与 1 0倍量rIL -2单独诱导激活的LAK细胞杀瘤活性相近 [杀瘤率 (92 .9± 2 1 .3) % ],两组比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而且杀瘤活性持续 1 8天。结论 :SSAP辅以少量的rIL -2能大量扩增激活LAK细胞 ,增强其对肿瘤细胞的杀伤力 ,更重要的意义在于获得的LAK细胞杀伤力强大而持久 ,同时可减少rIL -2的用量     

基于TGF-β/smad信号通路探讨七方胃痛颗粒对人胃腺癌AGS细胞上皮间质转化过程的影响＊

目的 探究七方胃痛颗粒对转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）诱导人胃腺癌细胞AGS上皮间质转化（Epithelial-mesenchymal transition， EMT）过程的影响及其潜在分子机制。方法 为了探究七方胃痛颗粒对TGF-β1处理的AGS细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响，实验分为四组：AGS细胞对照组，EMT空白模型组，中药血清组，TGF-β/smad通路抑制剂组，分别利用CCK8、细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验检测细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。此外，通过免疫荧光检测EMT过程中相关蛋白（E-cadherin、N-cadherin、14-3-3ζ、Smad2和p-Smad2/3）的表达水平。结果 与AGS细胞对照组相比，TGF-β1诱导EMT过程，显著促进AGS细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭，下调了E-cadherin的表达，上调了N-cadherin、14-3-3ζ、Smad2和p-Smad2/3的表达；与EMT空白模型组相比，中药血清组、TGF-β/smad通路抑制剂组显著抑制了细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭，上调了E-cadherin的表达，降低了N-cadherin、14-3-3ζ、Smad2和p-Smad2/3的表达。结论 七方胃痛颗粒通过调控TGF-β/smad信号通路从而抑制人胃腺癌AGS细胞的EMT过程。