脑梗死患者急性期血小板膜糖蛋白表达的研究

目的　探讨脑硬死患者急性期血小板膜P -选择素 (CD6 2p)的表达及其与临床神经功能缺损程度的关系。方法　用流式细胞术测定 41例急性期脑梗死患者血小板膜CD6 2 p的表达。 结果　轻、中、重型脑梗死患者CD6 2 p的表达分别为 (1.38± 0 .2 9) %、(3.15± 1.5 8) %、(10 .46± 5 .0 7) % ,与正常对照组 (1.5 6± 0 .17) %比 ,轻型脑梗死患者CD6 2p的表达无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,中、重型脑梗死患者CD6 2 p的表达显著升高 (P <0 .0 5和0 .0 1)。结论　脑梗死患者急性期血小板膜CD6 2 p的表达与临床神经功能缺损程度有关。     

非小细胞肺癌放疗期间外周血细胞数的变化

目的　研究胸部受电离辐射后外周血细胞的变化特点。方法　选取１９９７ ～１９９８ 年非小细胞肺癌患者３０ 例。按１∶２ 配比年龄相似,性别相同的非放疗慢性病患者作为对照组。观察胸部外照射对外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞、血小板数的影响。ＮＳＣＬＣ以医用直线加速器６ ＭＶ－ Ｘ 线,常规分割放射治疗。射野包括肿瘤及其周围１ ～２ｃｍ 正常肺组织,同侧肺门以及纵膈,有时包括锁骨上区ＦＳＺ（Ｆｉｅｌｄｓｑｕａｒｅｚｏｏｍ） ７２ ～２４６ｃｍ２ ,剂量率２Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ ,ＳＳＤ１００ｃｍ 。采用ＳＷＧＥＡＢＡＣ－ ９２０ 型血液细胞自动分析仪检测外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞、血小板数,并严格质量控制。结果　当吸收剂量１０Ｇｙ／５ｆ／ Ｗ ,ＮＳＣＬＣ外周血细胞数量开始下降;至２０ ～３０Ｇｙ／１０ ～１５ｆ／２ ～３ Ｗ 时,其外周血细胞数量降至低谷。并且上述３ 种细胞数量较之放疗前和对照组具有显著差异（ｔ＞ ２．５８ ,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。另外,局部照射野＞ １００ｃｍ２ 组外周血白细胞数显著低于照射野为＜ １００ｃｍ２ 组,（ Ｆ＝６ ．４６,Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１）。在缩野和改侧斜野,放疗第四周（Ｄｔ＝ ４０Ｇｙ） 后,局部受损骨髓开始修复,受照区内的毒性产物被迅速稀     

EDTA-NaOH吸收液--分光光度法测定空气中硫化氢的研究

本文对EDTA -NaOH作为硫化氢吸收液进行探讨和研究。试验表明 :当空气中硫化氢含量为国家最高允许液度 0 .6～ 6倍时 ,吸收液采样效率为 98.2～ 10 0 % ,催化剂与显色剂混合使用 ,可降低空白值 ,提高方法灵敏度。本法准确度 ( p)为 93 .0 % ,精密度合并变异系数 (cv)为 3 .93 % ;检出限、测量限分别为 7× 10 -2 μg/5ml和1.7× 10 -1μg/5ml;规定采气量为 0 .5L时 ,则最小检出浓度为 0 .6 8mg/m3。     

益肾活血泄浊汤对大鼠系膜细胞转化生长因子β1表达的影响

探讨益肾活血泄浊汤及脂多糖 (LPS)对大鼠系膜细胞转化生长因子 β(TGF β)mRNA表达的影响。采用体外培养大鼠系膜细胞方法 ,分为益肾活血泄浊汤血清组、LPS病理组及空白组 ,并应用反转录多聚酶链反应技术 (RT PCR) ,观察TGF β1mRNA在各组间的表达情况。结果 :与空白组相比 ,LPS可显著刺激TGF β1的表达 ,而中药血清组较LPS组明显减弱。结论 :益肾活血泄浊汤能够显著降低转化生长因子 β1在系膜细胞中的表达。     

产后出血致DIC 1例抢救成功

0　引言　我院首次收住1例产后出血合并弥漫性血管内凝血(DIC)患者,经抢救,患者脱险.1　病例报告　女,16岁,未婚,妊7mo,于1999-01-30入院,要求终止妊娠.入院后一般检查无异常,妇科查:阴道正常,宫底位于剑下三指,胎心清,规律.实验室检查:Hb115g.L-1,BT1min,CT2min,WBC14.7×109.L-1.入院第4日,放置水囊,32h后,顺娩一婴,会阴度裂伤.阴道壁无撕裂伤,胎盘子面娩出完整,阴道出血30mL,揉按子宫,阴道仍然出血不止,BP9/7kPa,P140/min.发现阴道流出非血凝块,急诊Hb46g.L-1,Pt31×109.L-1,凝血酶元时间22s,纤维蛋白元1～3g.L-1,尿RBC9～12.…     

Demonstration of the existence of nitric oxide-independent as well as nitric oxide-dependent vasodilator mechanisms in the in situ renal circulation in near term pregnant rats

1. We have investigated the role of endogenous nitric oxide on renal vascular reactivity in late pregnancy in in situ blood perfused kidneys of α-chloralose anaesthetized Wistar-Kyoto rats. Nitric oxide synthesis inhibition was achieved by intravenous administration of N^G-nitro-L-arginine or N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester.
2. Intra-arterial mean blood pressure was lower in pregnancy compared with nonpregnant controls. Following nitric oxide synthesis inhibition mean blood pressure increased in both pregnant and nonpregnant groups, but remained lower in pregnant animals.
3. Basal renal perfusion pressure was similar in pregnant and nonpregnant groups. Intravenous administration of N^G-nitro-L-arginine resulted in dose-dependent increases in renal perfusion pressure but responses were substantially depressed in pregnancy.
4. Renal vasoconstrictor responses to regional angiotensin II (AII) were decreased in pregnancy, whereas those to noradrenaline (NA) did not differ from nonpregnant controls. N^G-nitro-L-arginine (5 mg kg⁻¹) potentiated renal responses to regional AII and NA in both groups, but AII responses remained lower in pregnancy. Blunted renal AII responses in pregnancy were still evident following large doses of N^G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (100 mg kg⁻¹).
5. The results demonstrate that nitric oxide synthesis inhibition increases renal perfusion pressure to a lesser extent in pregnant compared with nonpregnant rats, and that reduced renal pressor responses to AII are still evident in pregnancy after nitric oxide synthesis inhibition.
6. These results suggest that although endogenous nitric oxide synthesis modulates renal vasoconstrictor responses in both pregnant and nonpregnant animals, this mechanism does not fully account for the blunted renal vasoconstrictor responses to regional AII or nitric oxide inhibitors in near term pregnant rats. The nature of this important physiological vasodilator mechanism in pregnancy remains to be elucidated.

     

Unusual case of corticobasal degeneration with tau/Gallyas-positive neuronal and glial tangles

A 74-year-old woman with corticobasal degeneration (CBD) had a 9-year history of progressive loss of strength and rigidity of her right hand and then arm, followed by speech difficulties, dyskinesia, rigidity, spasticity and weakness of the ipsilateral lower limb, ultimately also involving the apposite side. She later developed supranuclear gaze palsy. Her memory remained intact during most of the duration of her disease. Laboratory tests and anti-Parkinsonian medications were not helpful. At autopsy, frontal lobe atrophy, discoloration of putamen (Pt) and pallor of substantia nigra (Sn) were observed. Neuronal loss and gliosis were extensive in motor cortex and milder in frontal cortex, abruptly ending at the central sulcus and junction of cingulate gyrus. Achromatic neurons were present. Neuronal loss and gliosis were seen in Pt and Sn and corticobasal inclusions in Sn. Numerous Gallyas/tau-positive, Bielschowsky/ubiquitin-negative coil, sickle, or coma-shaped tangles and thread-like processes were found in affected cortex, Pt and Sn. Some of the tangles were in neurons, but most occurred in astroglia, and their processes. The presence of Gallyas/tau-positive glia in CBD may have the same diagnostic significance as in progressive supranuclear palsy, analogous to the argyrophilic ubiquinated inclusions in oligodendroglia in multisystem atrophy. We suggest that in CBD: (1) cytoskeletal protein metabolism in neurons and glia can simultaneously be perturbed in certain neurodegenerative diseases, and (2) the astrocytosis in CBD may not be simply a reactive process but an integral part of the disease.     

Pharmacokinetics of 1 -(2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-β-L-arabino-furanosyl)-5-methyluracil (L-FMAU) in Rats

Purpose. The objective of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics of 1 -(2-deoxy-2-fluoro--L-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil (L-FMAU), a nucleoside analogue with potent activity against the hepatitis B virus and the Epstein-Barr virus, in rats. Methods. Three doses of L-FMAU were administered intravenously (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg) to rats, and L-FMAU concentrations in plasma and urine were measured by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic parameters were generated by using area-moment analysis. Results. There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters between the three doses ( < 0.05). Thus, the disposition of L-FMAU was linear over the dosage of 10 to 50 mg/kg. Plasma concentrations of L-FMAU declined rapidly with a terminal phase half-life of 1.33 ± 0.45 h (mean ± SD). Total clearance of L-FMAU was moderate, averaging 1.15 ± 0.28 L/h/kg. The fraction of compound excreted unchanged in urine was 0.59 ± 0.13. No glucuronide metabolite was found in the urine. The steady-state volume of distribution was 1.12 ± 0.26 L/kg indicating intracellular distribution of the compound. The fraction of L-FMAU bound to plasma proteins was approximately 15% and was independent of nucleoside concentration. Conclusions. The pharmacokinetics of L-FMAU in rats were independent of dose over the dosage range of 10 to 50 mg/kg.     

PCR detection of clonal tcr gamma-gene rearrangements in a group of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas including a case of localized pagetoid reticulosis expressing the gamma-delta tcr

In this report, we describe the analysis of clonality performed using a PCR-based approach in a group of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas including a case of localised pagetoid reticulosis expressing the gamma delta T-cell receptor. For our PCR analysis DNA was extracted from frozen tissue of 10 cases of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification using primers recognizing conserved sequences of the variable and joining regions of the T-cell receptor gamma chain gene. PCR products were then analyzed by high resolution non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Clonal TCR gamma gene rearrangements were detected in all the cases investigated including the case of localised pagetoid reticulosis. The PCR-based approach used in this study may provide an alternative to conventional Southern blot analysis for the analysis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas as it is easy to perform and requires only minimal amounts of DNA. The findings in localized pagetoid reticulosis are consistent with the proliferation of monoclonal T-cells in lesional skin of this condition and provide evidence for the lymphoproliferative nature of this clinically benign disorder.     

Breast cancer angiogenesis: A quantitative morphologic and doppler imaging study

Background: Tumor growth and metastases require the development of new vessels (angiogenesis). Angiogenesis, assessed by microvessel count using immunocytochemical stain of endothelial cells, has been shown to predict metastases and correlate with early death. Recently developed color Doppler mapping can detect the “tumor flow signals” in breast cancer and help to distinguish it from benign lesions. The question is, does this tumor vascularization assessed by color Doppler mapping correlate with the angiogenesis assessed by immunocytochemistry? Methods: Eighty-four patients admitted for breast surgery were studied. The final diagnosis was made by pathology for 52 malignancies and 32 benign lesions. The color Doppler mapping of the breast lesion was made preoperatively. The following parameters were assessed: (a) vessel location (peripheral or central); (b) density of color Doppler signals; and (c) maximum systolic velocity. Tumor angiogenesis was assessed by microvessel count under light microscopy using the platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule antibodies (CD31) method. The correlation between maximum velocity and microvessel count of breast cancer was examined. The clinical significance of maximum flow velocity of breast cancer with various clinicopathologic factors was assessed. Results: Color signals were detected in 48 cases of 52 malignancies (92%). All tumors demonstrated signals at the periphery of the lesion but in only 13 (27%) were the signals detected within the tumor. Color signals were scored as + + or + + + in 44 (92%) patients. Pulsed wave blood flow was shown in all these 48 tumors, with maximum velocities varying from 4 to 36 cm/s. Among the 32 benign lesions, color signals were detected in 10 (31%) and all were peripheral and scored subjectively as +. Evaluation of these color Doppler mapping parameters shows no significant correlation with microvessel counts using CD31 monoclonal antibodies. However, there was a positive association (p<0.05) between nodal metastases and higher tumor flow velocity in T1 (<2 cm) breast tumors but not in larger tumors. Conclusion: Although the color Doppler mapping has been shown to be useful in distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions, the intensity of signal and velocity of flow had no correlation with the extent of angiogenesis of breast cancer. The presence of high-flow tumor signal in early breast carcinoma is significantly associated with the presence of axillary lymph node metastases.