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61.
Hsu SC Lin HP Wu JC Ko KL Sheen IJ Yan BS Chou CK Syu WJ 《Journal of virological methods》2000,87(1-2):53-62
Sequences of the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) vary to different degrees among isolates. A monoclonal antibody, designated as HP6A1, against the antigen of HDV (HDAg) has been characterized for its specificity. HP6A1 bound to HDAg of isolate 25 (genotype I) that was used for immunization, but not to others of both genotypes I and II. The epitope recognized by HP6A1 was then determined by a phage library displaying various heptapeptides. A consensus peptide deduced has the best match with that of residues 4-10 of HDAg (isolate 25). To confirm the phage mapping result, Escherichia coli recombinant proteins containing different lengths and various segments of HDAg (isolate 25) were constructed. The shortest HDAg segment contained in the fusion protein that reacted with HP6A1 was residues 1-10. When this peptide was added to the N-terminus of a heterologous protein engineered for eucaryotic expression, the fusion protein was detected by HP6A1. It is concluded that HP6A1 recognizes an epitope located at the N-terminus of HDAg (isolate 25). Since viruses of quasi-species exist in natural infections, a question of how different viral strains interact in vivo remains to be explored. The highly specific MAb opens a possibility to examine the fate of one strain in the presence of other related species in a cell transfection system. 相似文献
62.
Evaluation of the Digene Hybrid Capture II Assay with the Rapid Capture System for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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Van Der Pol B Williams JA Smith NJ Batteiger BE Cullen AP Erdman H Edens T Davis K Salim-Hammad H Chou VW Scearce L Blutman J Payne WJ 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2002,40(10):3558-3564
Screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infection has been strongly recommended for all sexually active women under the age of 26. Advances in the ability to detect infection by nucleic acid detection techniques have improved access to screening methods in routine clinical practices. To meet the increasing demand for testing, a high-throughput system is desirable. We evaluated the performance of the Hybrid Capture 2 CT/GC (HC2) assay with the Digene Rapid Capture System (HC2-RCS). The results of HC2-RCS for endocervical samples from 330 women were compared to those of culture and the COBAS Amplicor PCR. For detection of chlamydial infection, HC2-RCS had a sensitivity and a specificity similar to those of PCR (P > 0.5) and an improved sensitivity compared to that of culture (P = 0.007). For identification of gonococcal infections, all assays performed similarly (P > 0.5). The performance of HC2-RCS was also compared to that of the manual HC2 format (HC2-M) with these samples and with 911 endocervical samples collected previously. The performance of HC2-RCS was equivalent to that of HC2-M; the overall concordance rates for the detection of chlamydia and gonorrhea were 99.7% (kappa = 0.97) and 99.8% (kappa = 0.97), respectively. When the HC2 assay was performed with a semiautomated system application designed for high throughput, it demonstrated high sensitivity and a high specificity for detection of both Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 相似文献
63.
Distribution of mutations in the PEX gene in families with X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (HYP) 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Rowe PS; Oudet CL; Francis F; Sinding C; Pannetier S; Econs MJ; Strom TM; Meitinger T; Garabedian M; David A; Macher MA; Questiaux E; Popowska E; Pronicka E; Read AP; Mokrzycki A; Glorieux FH; Drezner MK; Hanauer A; Lehrach H; Goulding JN; O'Riordan JL 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(4):539-549
Mutations in the PEX gene at Xp22.1 (phosphate-regulating gene with
homologies to endopeptidases, on the X-chromosome), are responsible for
X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets (HYP). Homology of PEX to the M13 family
of Zn2+ metallopeptidases which include neprilysin (NEP) as prototype, has
raised important questions regarding PEX function at the molecular level.
The aim of this study was to analyse 99 HYP families for PEX gene
mutations, and to correlate predicted changes in the protein structure with
Zn2+ metallopeptidase gene function. Primers flanking 22 characterised
exons were used to amplify DNA by PCR, and SSCP was then used to screen for
mutations. Deletions, insertions, nonsense mutations, stop codons and
splice mutations occurred in 83% of families screened for in all 22 exons,
and 51% of a separate set of families screened in 17 PEX gene exons.
Missense mutations in four regions of the gene were informative regarding
function, with one mutation in the Zn2+-binding site predicted to alter
substrate enzyme interaction and catalysis. Computer analysis of the
remaining mutations predicted changes in secondary structure,
N-glycosylation, protein phosphorylation and catalytic site molecular
structure. The wide range of mutations that align with regions required for
protease activity in NEP suggests that PEX also functions as a protease,
and may act by processing factor(s) involved in bone mineral metabolism.
相似文献
64.
Chan HL Chou WS Chen SW Fang SC Liou CS Hwang YS 《Journal of medical engineering & technology》2005,29(5):227-234
Spectral analysis of heart rate variability provides a probe to assess the function of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Time-frequency analysis of heart rate variability is useful for investigating autonomic nervous function in patients with syncope or non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, or in anaesthesia, etc. In this paper, we developed an algorithm for continuous and online analysis of heart rate variability. The algorithm was simulated and evaluated in MATLAB, and implemented on the digital signal processor. The electrocardiogram signals from MIT/BIH arrhythmia database and one patient with syncope demonstrate the capability of the proposed method in the continuous and online analysis of heart rate variability. 相似文献
65.
In Cambodia, nearly half of pregnant women attend antenatal care (ANC), which is an entry point of services for prevention
of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). However, most of ANC services are provided in health centres or fields, where
laboratory services by technicians are not available. In this study, those voluntary confidential counselling and testing
(VCCT) counsellors involved in PMTCT were trained by experienced laboratory technicians in our centre on HIV testing using
Determine (Abbot Laboratories) HIV1/2 test kits through a half-day training course, which consisted of use of a pipette, how
to process whole blood samples, and how to read test result. The trained counsellors were midwives working for ANC and delivery
ward in our centre without any experience on laboratory works. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of
the training by evaluating the proficiency of the trained non-laboratory staffs. The trained counsellors withdrew blood sample
after pre-test counselling following ANC, and performed the rapid test. Laboratory technicians routinely did the same test
and returned reports of the test results to counsellors. Reports by the counsellors and the laboratory technicians were compared,
and discordant reports in two groups were re-tested with the same rapid test kit using the same blood sample. Cause of discordance
was detected in discussion with both groups. Of 563 blood samples tested by six trained VCCT counsellors and three laboratory
technicians, 11 samples (2.0%) were reported positive in each group, however four discordant reports (0.7%) between the groups
were observed, in which two positive reports and two negative reports by the counsellors were negative and positive by the
laboratory technicians, respectively. Further investigation confirmed that all the reports by the counsellors were correct,
and that human error in writing reports in the laboratory was a cause of these discordant reports. These findings lead us
the conclusion that the half-day training using the rapid and simple test was feasible for non-laboratory staffs to attain
enough proficiency to implement VCCT services for PMTCT in resource-limited settings, and that human error was more likely
to occur in laboratory before giving reports to counsellors. 相似文献
66.
Hong Chou Ching-Yun Chang Jaw-Ji Tsai Ren-Bin Tang Shinn-Shing Lee Soo-Ray Wang Ho-Jen Peng Horng-Der Shen 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2003,90(2):248-253
BACKGROUND: Penicillium species are prevalent airborne fungi. However, the prevalence of allergic sensitization to Penicillium antigens and the true impact of these ubiquitous fungi on atopic respiratory disorders remain to be determined. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG antibodies against Penicillium chrysogenum (Pen ch 13), the alkaline serine protease major allergen of P. chrysogenum, in asthmatic patients of different age groups. METHODS: Pen ch 13 was purified from a culture medium of P. chrysogenum. The reactivity of IgE and IgG antibodies to Pen ch 13 in the serum samples of 212 asthmatic patients was analyzed by immunoblotting methods. RESULTS: Sixty-nine (33%) of the 212 sera analyzed showed IgE and/or IgG immunoblot reactivity to Pen ch 13. Significant differences in the prevalence of IgE and/or IgG antibody reactivity to Pen ch 13 were found among eight different age groups of 212 asthmatic patients. The frequency of IgE-binding reactivity to Pen ch 13 increased significantly with the age of the patients. It was 7% for the group less than 10 years old and 42% for the group older than 70 years old. In addition, a significant difference between the prevalence of IgE (7%) and IgG (33%) antibodies against Pen ch 13 in the group aged 10 or less was also found. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that IgE and IgG antibodies specific for Pen ch 13 were detected in approximately one-third of the 212 asthmatic patients analyzed. Our results suggest that allergic sensitization to Pen ch 13, and possibly to other airborne Penicillium species, is more common in older asthmatic patients. 相似文献
67.
Immunohistochemical localization of parathyroid hormone-related protein in parathyroid adenoma and hyperplasia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
J A Danks P R Ebeling J A Hayman H Diefenbach-Jagger F M Collier V Grill J Southby J M Moseley S T Chou T J Martin 《The Journal of pathology》1990,161(1):27-33
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is invoked as the cause of humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy (HHM); it is contained in the keratinocyte layer of normal skin; and there is evidence that is is produced by fetal parathyroids. Antibodies against synthetic PTHrP peptides have been raised in rabbits and sheep. This immunohistochemical study has found that primary parathyroid adenomata and hyperplastic glands from patients with chronic renal failure stain positively with antisera against PTHrP(1-34) and PTHrP(50-69). Primary hyperplastic glands are negative. No staining with anti-PTHrP(106-141) antiserum could be detected immunohistochemically in any of the parathyroid adenomata or hyperplasia. 相似文献
68.
M Salim S Rehman E M Sajdel-Sulkowska W G Chou R E Majocha C A Marotta S B Zain 《Neurobiology of aging》1988,9(2):163-171
Studies were undertaken to assess the extent to which messenger RNA prepared from the postmortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain can be used for the successful preparation of a recombinant cDNA library. Initial experiments focused on the glial-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) since GFAP expression appeared to be a model for further studies on mRNAs that may continue to be expressed at high levels in the vicinity of lesioned sites in the AD brain. An AD cDNA library, prepared in the lambda gt11 expression vector system contained GFAP-specific recombinants. One of these was sequenced and the insert was shown to exhibit 88% homology with the similar sequence from mouse GFAP. As established by Northern blots, the size of the GFAP mRNA prepared from the routinely acquired postmortem AD cortex, approximately 2.7 kb, was the same as from a neurologically normal control brain. These results agree with earlier studies on GFAP mRNA from fresh mouse brain. The results demonstrate that in the postmortem AD brain, astroglial-specific mRNA remains sufficiently stable for molecular genetic analysis and may serve as a useful model for examining the genetic expression of mRNAs that may be related to the molecular pathogenesis and the etiology of AD. 相似文献
69.
An autopsy-proved case of AIDS in Taiwan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K T Lin S H Huang C L Kao K M Huang J C Yu T P Hung M Y Chou W T Liu C T Fang Y T Kuo 《Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology / launched by the Allergy and Immunology Society of Thailand》1987,5(1):25-31
The first case of AIDS positively identified in a non-foreigner in Taiwan was a 25-year-old unmarried male who had practiced homosexuality for ten years. The patient began to have abdominal pain accompanied with loose stools and weight loss in June 1985, followed by fever, cough, headache, dizziness, and loss of memory. Facial hyperpigmentation and extensive oroesophageal candidiasis were noted. Laboratory studies showed severe lymphopenia with a reversed T-helper to T-suppressor ratio, cutaneous anergy and polyclonal gammopathy. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies were positive by ELISA and Western blot, and the virus was isolated from the blood. At autopsy, disseminated cytomegalovirus infection, extensive CNS toxoplasmosis and early lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma were demonstrated. The detection of HIV in the adrenal medulla supports the consensus that the virus is neurotropic. 相似文献
70.
BACKGROUND: There have been several reports of carmine allergy; however, identification of the responsible carmine allergens has not been widely documented. METHODS: Three female patients presented with a history of anaphylaxis and/or urticaria/angioedema after ingestion of carmine-containing foods. All three patients had 4+ skin prick tests to carmine. Among them, two patients were confirmed to have carmine allergy by blinded, placebo-controlled food challenges to carmine. SDS-PAGE of cochineal insects and carmine, immunoblotting for IgE antibody with sera from all three patients, and immunoblotting inhibition with carmine were performed. RESULTS: SDS PAGE of minced cochineal insects revealed several protein bands of 23-88 kDa. Several of these bands were variably recognized by our three patients' sera, and this reactivity was inhibited by carmine. Although no protein bands could be visualized on SDS-PAGE of carmine in Coomassie brilliant blue staining, three protein bands were recognized by two of the three patients' serum. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that commercial carmine retains protein-aceous material from the source insects. These insect-derived proteins (possibly complexed with carminic acid) are responsible for IgE-mediated carmine allergy. Patient reactivity to these proteins may vary. 相似文献