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41.
为探讨体外循环(CPB)导致心脏植物神经系统(CAS)损伤的机理,了解温血心停跳液能否防止CPB后心率变异性(HRV)的降低,采用对照方法观察了温血心停跳液与冷晶体心停跳液对狗HRV的影响。结果显示:CPB后温血心停跳液组(WB组)和冷晶体心停跳液组(CC组)的全频谱(TP)、低频(LF)和高频(HF)均较术前明显降低(P<0.05),而且CC组比WB组降低更明显(P<0.05),但LF/HF在组内及组间均无明显变化(P>0.05)。CPB后24小时平均心率(MHR)明显增加(P<0.05),且CC组高于WB组(P<0.05)。本研究表明:采用温血心停跳液或冷晶体心停跳液的CPB不会干扰CAS平衡,但均能使HRV降低,温血心停跳液不能防止HRV损害。 相似文献
42.
SK VERMA 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》1996,52(2):113-115
The effect of vagotomy on the post-prandial alkaline tide was assessed by measuring the fasting and postprandial urinary pH before and after vagotomy in 50 cases of chronic duodenal ulcer treated by posterior truncal vagotomy or gastrojejunostomy or pyloroplasty. Results showed that post-prandial urinary pH fell after vagotomy confirming the completeness of vagotomy. This test is safe, reliable, noninvasive and a simpler bedside procedure as compared to the conventional Hollander''s insulin test.KEY WORDS: Vagotomy, Alkaline tide 相似文献
43.
Chhabra S 《Indian journal of maternal and child health : official publication of Indian Maternal and Child Health Association,》1992,3(1):1-3
Adolescents are the future adults of the world. While adolescence is typically regarded as a period of life relatively free from health problems, adolescents are actually in need of the attention of health professionals and health services, especially with regard to sexual health. A trend of decreasing age at menarche and increasing age at marriage presents adolescents with a substantial number of years in which they will experiment with their developing reproductive organs and sexuality. Substantial psychological and physical change takes place during this period. Inconsistent and suboptimal users of contraception, youths are at high risk for reproductive health problems and sexually transmitted diseases. Substance abuse, unintentional and intentional injuries and their sequelae, academic underachievement and illiteracy, and obesity may also be problematic for adolescents. Adolescents are, however, most damaged by internalized and externalized homophobia. The authors point out that adolescents may be persuaded to learn and change their behaviors more readily than adults. Appropriate messages could be conveyed through targeted information, education, and communication strategies to complement medical and health care services which are available, accessible, and acceptable. 相似文献
44.
The mechanisms underlying lateralisation of language are incompletely understood. Existing data is inconclusive, for example, in determining which underlying asymmetries in hemispheric anatomy/physiology lead to lateralisation, the precise role of interhemispheric connections in this process, and exactly how and why lateralisation can shift following focal brain damage. Although these issues will ultimately be settled by experimentation, it is likely that computational modelling can be used to suggest, focus, and even interpret such empirical work. We have recently studied the emergence of lateralisation in an artificial neural network model having paired cerebral hemispheric regions, as the model learned to generate the correct pronunciation for simple words. In this paper we extend this previous work by examining the immediate and longer-term changes in lateralisation that occur following simulated acute hemispheric lesions. Among other things, the results demonstrate that the extent to which the non-lesioned model hemispheric region contributes to recovery is a function of lesion size, prelesion lateralisation, and assumptions about the excitatory/inhibitory influences of the corpus callosum. The relevance of these results to the currently controversial suggestion that language lateralisation shifts following focal damage to language areas, and that the unlesioned hemisphere contributes to recovery from stroke-induced aphasia in adults, is discussed. 相似文献
45.
SK Roy AM Tomkins SM Akramuzzaman RH Behrens R Haider D Mahalanabis G Fuchs 《Archives of disease in childhood》1997,77(3):196-200
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of zinc supplementation on the clinical course, stool weight, duration of diarrhoea, changes in serum zinc, and body weight gain of children with acute diarrhoea. DESIGN: Randomised double blind controlled trial. Children were assigned to receive zinc (20 mg elemental zinc per day) containing multivitamins or control group (zinc-free multivitamins) daily in three divided doses for two weeks. SETTING: A diarrhoeal disease hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. PATIENTS: 111 children, 3 to 24 months old, below 76% median weight for age of the National Center for Health Statistics standard with acute diarrhoea. Children with severe infection and/or oedema were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total diarrhoeal stool output, duration of diarrhoea, rate of weight gain, and changes in serum zinc levels after supplementation. RESULTS: Stool output was 28% less and duration 14% shorter in the zinc supplemented group than placebo (p = 0.06). There were reductions in median total diarrhoeal stool output among zinc supplemented subjects who were shorter (less than 95% height for age), 239 v 326 g/kg (p < 0.04), and who had a lower initial serum zinc (< 14 mmol/l), 279 v 329 g/kg (p < 0.05); a shortening of mean time to recovery occurred (4.7 v 6.2 days, p < 0.04) in those with lower serum zinc. There was an increase in mean serum zinc in the zinc supplemented group (+2.4 v -0.3 mumol/l, p < 0.001) during two weeks of supplementation, and better mean weight gain (120 v 30 g, p < 0.03) at the time of discharge from hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Zinc supplementation is a simple, acceptable, and affordable strategy which should be considered in the management of acute diarrhoea and in prevention of growth faltering in children specially those who are malnourished. 相似文献
46.
The functional status of the descending motor pathways was assessed in malnourished children using transcranial electromagnetic stimulation of the cortex. Twenty children with different severities of malnutrition and 20 control subjects were studied electrophysiologically. The circular coil of a Dentac MAG 2 magnetic stimulator was applied tangentially over the vertex to stimulate the cortex. The muscle evoked potential in the children's arms was recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle and in their legs from the extensor digitorum brevis muscle on both sides of the body using surface electrodes. The muscle evoked potential of the abductor pollicis brevis and extensor digitorum brevis muscles was further obtained using root stimulation by applying the coil at the cervical and lumbar spine, respectively. The indices of cortical threshold, cortical latency, and central motor conduction time (ms) were evaluated in both arm and leg muscles on both sides. The results showed an increased cortical threshold (mean (SD) 1232.5 (134.06) in the study group v 1147.5 (99.31) in the control group) for the abductor pollicis brevis muscle and for the extensor digitorum brevis muscle (1325.00 (115.70) in the study group v 1190.0 (125.24) in the control group). Similarly, significant prolongation of the central motor conduction time (ms) (study group 6.67 (0.91) v control group 5.71 (0.74)) in the abductor pollicis brevis muscle was seen in malnourished children. 相似文献
47.
A MacDonald GW Rylance D Asplin SK Hall IW Booth 《Archives of disease in childhood》1998,78(2):122-126
A 1993 MRC working group on phenylketonuria suggested standardising blood phenylalanine measurements by taking blood samples at the same time each day. Since it is not known how representative of a 24 hour period a single phenylalanine concentration is, the aim of this study was to investigate the 24 hour variability of plasma phenylalanine in well controlled children with phenylketonuria. Sixteen subjects, 12 girls and four boys aged 1 to 18 years, had hourly venous blood samples collected for 13 hours between 09.00 and 21.00 on one day. Serial skin puncture blood specimens were then collected at 24.00, 03.00, and 06.00 within the same 24 hour period. All food and drink was weighed. The median variation in plasma phenylalanine concentration was 155 mumol/l/day, with a minimum of 80 and a maximum of 280. The highest concentration occurred in the morning between 6.00 and 9.00 in 63% of subjects; the lowest occurred between midday and midnight in 94%. Concentrations < 100 mumol/l occurred in 46% of children below 11 years, three having concentrations < 30 mumol/l for two, six, and seven hours respectively. Three of five subjects had concentrations above the MRC guidelines for 24% of the period studied. Except in two subjects, the blood concentrations did not rise in response to phenylalanine consumption. However, the greater the quantity of protein substitute taken between waking and the 16.00 specimen, the larger the decrease in daytime phenylalanine concentration (r = -0.7030) (p < 0.005). There is therefore wide variability in phenylalanine concentrations in a 24 hour period in children with phenylketonuria which is not reflected in a single observation. Further study is needed to investigate the effects of timing of protein substitute on the stability of phenylalanine concentrations. 相似文献
48.
Isha Tyagi Harish C. Taneja R. V. Phadke D. Banerjee D. K Chhabra 《Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery》1998,50(1):20-25
Here 15 cases of advanced Juvenile angiofibroma are presented. Advantages of wide tumour exposure and preoperative embolization are discussed. 相似文献
49.
Emergency and elective embolotherapy of various systemic arteries in 64 patients was carried out at a tertiary centre of Armed Forces. Specific indications were haemoptysis (n=43), preoperative (n=18), haematuria (n=1), epistaxis (n=1) and chemoembolization (n=1). The procedures were performed with gelfoam pellets (n=46), gelfoam pellets and absolute alcohol (n=1), polyvinyl alcohol particles (PVA) (n=14), steel coils (n=2) and Adriamycin-in-oil emulsion (n=1). Embolotherapy resulted in complete haemostasis in 37 (82.2%) out of 45 cases of haemorrhage. In eight cases (17.8%), it resulted in significant improvement. Complete haemostasis was achieved in both cases of haematuria and epistaxis. Pre-operative embolotherapy resulted in considerable reduction of peroperative blood loss in all the cases. Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular carcinoma resulted in partial regression of the tumour. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety and reliability of vascular embolotherapy for control of life threatening haemorrhage and preoperative reduction of lesions.KEY WORDS: Embolization, Embolotherapy, Haemorrhage 相似文献
50.
Female sterilisation is an important component of National Family Welfare Programme. The target group is best motivated during the puerperium for such a procedure. However laparoscopic sterilisation which has got some distinct advantages, is not technically feasible at this time. The authors have used a technique where the advantages of cosmetic appearance, reduced post operative morbidity and reversibility can be conferred on the puerperal women.After trying out the method individually in some cases, a formal case control study design has been made and an evaluation study has been performed in 122 cases. The technique has been found to be cosmetically more acceptable, both at clientele and peer evaluation levels (p<0.001). Though all the four parameters of post operative morbidity have shown better results for the technique evaluated as against the conventional technique, statistical significance has been achieved in two of the parameters (p<0.05).KEY WORDS: Cosmetics, Female sterilisation, Post operative morbidity 相似文献