Prognostic significance of resident CD103+CD8+T cells in human colorectal cancer tissues

The prognostic significance and clinical implications of resident CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells in human colorectal cancer tissues still remains largely unexplored. In our present study, we aimed to characterize the resident CD8⁺T cells in human colorectal cancer tissues by using double staining of CD103 and CD8, and further evaluated the prognostic significance of resident CD8⁺T cells in colorectal cancer. We found that the OS rate of the colorectal cancer patients with higher infiltration of CD8⁺T cells, or with higher numbers of resident CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells, or with higher ratio of CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells over total CD8⁺T cells in cancer tissues was significantly better than that of the patients with lower infiltration of CD8⁺T cells, or with lower numbers of resident CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells, or with higher ratio of CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells over total CD8⁺T cells in cancer tissues, respectively. Moreover, higher infiltration of CD8⁺T cells in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly and inversely correlated with advanced TNM stage. Higher numbers of resident CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells in colorectal cancer tissues were significantly and inversely correlated with distant metastasis status. Higher ratio of CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells over total CD8⁺T cells in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly and inversely correlated with age status. The COX model analysis demonstrated that higher infiltration of CD8⁺T cells, higher numbers of resident CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells, or higher ratio of CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells over total CD8⁺T cells in colorectal cancer tissues, could serve as independent prognostic predictors for colorectal cancer patients. Taken together, our present study demonstrated the density of tumor infiltrating CD8⁺T cells or the numbers of resident CD103⁺CD8⁺T cells in colorectal tissues could be used as an important prognostic predictor for this malignancy.     

The clinical significance of plasma CFHR 1–5 in lupus nephropathy

A deficiency of complement factor H may lead to excessive consumption of C3 and an increase in C3b deposition, which are important pathological characteristics of lupus nephritis. Complement factor H-related proteins (CFHRs), comprising CFHR1 to CFHR5 (CFHR1–5), are members of the wider factor H/CFHR family. Their role in lupus nephritis remains unclear. In this study, we compared circulating levels of CFHR1–5 in 152 patients diagnosed with lupus nephritis and 20 unrelated healthy individuals to explore the relationship between the expression of CFHR1–5 and development of the disease. We found that plasma levels of CFHR3 and CFHR5 were higher in patients with lupus nephritis than in healthy individuals; also, CFHR3 and CFHR5 concentrations increased with increasing systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) values (P < 0.05). Pearson's and Spearman's correlation test results confirmed that plasma CFHR3 and CFHR5 levels in lupus nephritis patients were positively correlated with proteinuria and levels of creatinine (Cr) and anti-dsDNA (correlation coefficients = 0.491–0.717, P < 0.05), while they were negatively correlated with plasma C3 levels and eGFR [correlation coefficients = –(0.706–0.788), P < 0.05]. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis results confirmed that plasma CFHR3 and CFHR5 levels were predictive of SLEDAI values and disease end points (area under the curve = 0.664–0.884, P < 0.05), with patients with both high CFHR3 and high CFHR5 exhibiting the shortest progression-free survival. Thus, both CFHR3 and CFHR5 are of prognostic value in lupus nephritis status.     

CD226 attenuates Treg suppressive capacity via CTLA-4 and TIGIT during EAE

The Cluster of differentiation 226(CD226)/T cell immunoglobulin and immune receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) axis plays an important role in the balance of the immune response. A previous study showed that CD226 is involved in CD4+ T cell differentiation and that blocking CD226 may attenuate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) development. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain incompletely understood. In this study, it was found that Cd226−/− mice were less susceptible to EAE and that there was less T helper 17(Th17) cell infiltration with higher levels of regulatory cells (Tregs) infiltration in the Cd226−/− EAE mouse central nervous system (CNS) compared with that in the WT EAE mouse CNS. Moreover, the suppressive function of Cd226−/− Tregs was upregulated compared with that of WT Tregs. Furthermore, it was observed that the expression levels of CTLA-4 and TIGIT on Cd226−/− Tregs were higher than those on WT Tregs during EAE in the spleen and CNS. Our results demonstrate a pivotal role for CD226 in attenuating Treg function in EAE that was associated with downregulating the expression levels of CTLA-4 and TIGIT.     

X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome complicated with interstitial pneumonia and liver injury: a new mutation locus in the CD40LG gene

Immunologic Research -     

Identification and characterization of a novel natural recombinant avian leucosis virus from Chinese indigenous chicken flock

Virus Genes - Avian leukosis virus (ALV) caused tremendous economic losses to poultry industry all over the world, especially in China. One natural recombinant ALV strain, designated as HB2015032,...     

Integrative taxonomic approach of trypanosomes in the blood of rodents and soricids in Asian countries,with the description of three new species

Parasitology Research - Trypanosoma lewisi (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae) with a cosmopolitan distribution is the type species of the subgenus Herpetosoma, which includes ca. 50...     

Rapamycin attenuates Tc1 and Tc17 cell responses in cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice

Inflammation Research - Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke promotes airway inflammation and emphysema accompanied by enhanced CD8+ interferon (IFN)-γ+ T(Tc1) and CD8+ interleukin (IL)-17+...     

Health effects of airborne particulate matter trace elements

The effects of airborne particulate matter （PM） trace elements on health are widely concerned nowadays. Many achievements have been made while many unknowns exist. This article reports the recent research progresses, describes the effects of exposure to PM trace elements on health epidemiological evidence, toxicology findings, and raises some questions for future studies.