Changes in the health situation among the rural population and the challenges to the preventive services in China

80% of China's 1 billion population is rural. In response to the changing situation in rural health care work subsequent to profound economic rural structural reform, appropriate measures in Chinese rural health care work were taken. All levels of leaders in health care and other departments were instructed to continue the rural health care policy of "prevention first," and to expand the functions and tasks of prevention. Rural areas were to given top priority. To reform the current health organizational structure it was necessary to take into account several realities: The rural birth rate has dropped radically since liberation, as has the mortality rate. Life expectancy has increased, the combined effect being a population that is aging rapidly: people 65+ years old comprised 4.91% of the population in 1982. 32.2% of rural families are 1-child families, and the safeguarding of the health of children continues to be a high priority, as does the prevention of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease and malignant tumors, which as cause of 54.91% of mortality, has replaced infectious diseases as the main health threat. Occupational disease have become alarmingly more common as the effort to expand rural industry advances. The 3-level health care network is to continue to be reinforced: county facllities for training and care of complicated diseases, integrating multiple functions that were previously separate, township rural health centers for the development of prevention teams, and village level doctors. The rural medical system must, among other things, transform the medical model to a "biological, psychological, and social" medical model, mobilize various social sectors, and attempt to collect funds from various sources to support health care work and the prevention of disease.     

The Acetylenes from Atractylodes macrocephala

The investigation of ATRACTYLODES MACROCEPHALA afforded in addition to known compounds, esters of tetradeca-2,8,10-triene-4,6-diyne-1,12,14-triol. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and chemical evidence.     

Deficient expression of enhanced reactivation of parvovirus H-1 in ataxia telangiectasia cells irradiated with X-rays or u.v. light

Cells of patients with ataxia telangiectasia (AT), an inheriteddisease characterized by a high propensity to cancer, are hypersensitiveto ionizing radiation. We investigated whether the hyper-radiosensitivityof AT cells correlated with a defect in their constitutive and/orconditional ability to rescue a damaged exogenous virus. Forthat purpose, parvovirus H-1, a single-stranded DNA virus whoseintranuclear replication mostly relies on host cell functions,was used as a probe. The survival of u.v.-or -irradiated H-1was measured in X-, u.v.- or mock-irradiated human cells ofnormal (NB-E) or AT (AT5BIVA) origin. -irradiated H-1 survivedto similar extents in untreated normal and AT cell lines. BothX- and u.v.-irradiatlon induced normal cells to achieve an enhancedreactivation (ER) of -- or u.v.-damaged H-1. In contrast, neitherdose-effect curves nor time course revealed significant levelsof ER expression after X- or u.v.-irradiation in AT5BIVA cells.Our results suggest that the impairment of ER of damaged parvovirusesmay constitute a marker of the AT cell phenotype and be relatedto the radiosensitivity of AT cells.     

Radiologic and manometric correlation in "nutcracker esophagus"

"Nutcracker esophagus" is a newly described esophageal motor disorder seen in some patients with chest pain and/or dysphagia and characterized manometrically by normal primary peristalsis with distal contractions of high amplitude. The radiographic and manometric examinations in 20 patients with nutcracker esophagus were correlated. Normal primary peristalsis was observed radiographically in 16 patients, and a nonspecific motor disorder was diagnosed in the remaining four patients. Mild-to-severe nonspecific tertiary activity was seen in about half of the patients, esophageal wall thickness was normal. It is concluded that nutcracker esophagus is primarily a manometric diagnosis made in the appropriate clinical setting, and that the radiographic findings are normal or nonspecific.     

多克隆性IBL样T淋巴瘤一例报告——病理组织学、免疫组织化学和免疫电镜综合观察

本文报道一例用病理组织学、免疫组织化学和免疫电镜综合确诊的多克隆性IBL样T细胞性淋巴瘤。讨论了这三种病理研究手段综合应用在本例诊断中的意义。指出免疫电镜在确定阳性反应细胞的细微形态上较光镜有明显优越性。     

癌光啉对动物移植瘤的光化学诊治作用

本文报道了肿瘤光化学诊治新药癌光啉(PsD-007)对三种动物移植瘤(S_(180)肉瘤、Lewis肺癌、U_(14)宫颈癌)的实验性光化学诊治效果,初步探讨了辐照光能量和药物剂量与肿瘤实验性诊治效果的关系。作者采用“透镜光阑”法改善辐射光斑内功率密度分布的不均匀性。提供了一种能比较客观地评价药物对动物移植瘤的光动力学治疗效价的模型体系。     

VALUE AND LIMITATIONS OF SINUS NODE FUNCTION TE.ST BY ATRIAL PACING IN SICK SINUS SYNDROME DIAGNOSIS

In order to evaluate the significance of the sinus node function test by transvenous atrial pacing in the diagno,sis of sick sinus syndrome (SSS), sinus node recovery time (SRT), co]rrected sinus node recovery time (CSRT) and total atrio- sinus and sino-atrial conduction time (SACT) are observed in 69 patients including non-SSS group 39 cases and SSS group 30 cases. According to our data, we suggest criteria for sinus node dysfunction as follows. SRT>1,400 ms and/or A-V junctional esca.pe before sinus recovery and;or secondary pause, CSRT>560 ms. total SACT>300 ms. With l item abnormal, the false positive rat.e in the non-SSS group is 7.7c7。 and the false negative rate in the S.SS group 3.30i" with 2 items abnormal, the false positive rate in the non-SSS group Oi and the false negative rate in the SSS grOiup 6.7'70. Atropine test results are compared with that of atrial pacing, 95.8To and 84.2% are compatible with each other in these 2 groups. In order to cut the use of invasive technic to the minimum, we propose performing the atropine test first. Only in those with unexplainable test results should the trial pacing test. be resorted to..     

How is your life? understanding the relative importance of life domains amongst older adults,and their associations with self-perceived COVID-19 impacts

Quality of Life Research - This study aims to provide new knowledge on the relative importance of key life domains amongst older adults, and how the Coronavirus pandemic has influenced their life...     

Discrete choice experiment with duration versus time trade-off: a comparison of test–retest reliability of health utility elicitation approaches in SF-6Dv2 valuation

Quality of Life Research - To evaluate and compare the test–retest reliability of discrete choice experiments with duration (DCETTO) and time trade-off (TTO) in the Chinese SF-6Dv2 valuation...