Lung preservation solution substrate composition affects rat lung oxidative metabolism during hypothermic storage

Lungs harvested for transplantation utilize oxygen after procurement. We investigated the effects of storage solution substrate composition on pulmonary oxidative metabolism and energetics during the preservation interval. Rat lungs were harvested and stored at 10 degrees C in low-potassium dextran (LPD) solution. Groups of lungs were preserved with preservation solution containing 5mM carbon-13 ((13)C) labeled glucose or increasing concentrations of (13)C labeled pyruvate. Additional groups of rat lungs were studied with dichloroacetate (DCA) added to the pyruvate-modified preservation solutions. Oxidative metabolism (measured by (13)C-enrichment of glutamate) and adenine nucleotide levels were quantified. Increasing preservation solution pyruvate concentration augmented glutamate (13)C-enrichment up to a concentration of 32mM pyruvate. DCA further stimulated oxidative metabolism only at lower concentrations of pyruvate (4 and 8mM). ATP and ADP were not different among groups, but AMP levels were higher in the glucose group. These data suggest that altering the substrate composition of the preservation solution influences lung metabolism during allograft preservation for transplantation.     

Human papillomavirus typing with a polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping array compared with type-specific PCR

BACKGROUND: Type-specific persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection can cause invasive cervical cancer. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of HPV detection and typing with a general polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping array and to compare it with a type-specific PCR assay. STUDY DESIGN: Four hundred and thirty-three cervical samples were tested with a modified MY11/GP6+ PCR-based reverse-blot assay (EasyChip HPV Blot; King Car, Taiwan [hereafter HPV Blot]) and with 20 genotypes of L1-type-specific PCR (HPV-6, -11, -16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -53, -56, -58, -59, -62, -66, -68, -70, and -71 [CP8061]). RESULTS: The concordance of the two tests in determining HPV positivity was 96.8% (419/433), with a Cohen's kappa=0.93 (95% CI: 0.90-0.97) and McNemar's test of P=1.0, which indicates excellent agreement. The overall concordance of the two tests in the identification of type-specific HPV was 91.0% (394/433). Sensitivity (90-100%), specificity (99.2-100%), and accuracy (98.6-100%) rates of HPV Blot against the gold standard were satisfactory for HPV-16, -18, -58, -33, -52, -39, -45, -31, -51, -70 while HPV-71 (63.6%) had suboptimal sensitivity. Though the kappa values between the two tests for many individual genotypes could not be reliably calculated because of low positivity, the kappa values for HPV-16, -52, and -58 were excellent (0.93, 0.96, and 0.95, respectively). CONCLUSION: The modified MY11/GP6+ PCR-based HPV Blot assay is accurate and sensitive for detection and genotyping of HPV in cervical swab samples.     

The effects of DNA containing CpG motif on dendritic cells

Dendritic cells (DC) are specialized antigen-presenting cells. DC can acquire and process antigens in the periphery before maturing and migrating to secondary lymphoid tissues where they present the antigens and deliver co-stimulatory signals to T cells. We describe an immunostimulatory oligonucleotide containing a CpG motif that stimulated murine DC to up-regulate co-stimulatory molecules, induce T-cell proliferative responses and secrete interleukin-12 in vitro. Administration of this oligonucleotide, but not of a control oligonucleotide lacking this motif, to mice led to the disappearance of DC from the marginal zone and T-cell areas of spleen, but not from heart or kidney. The same CpG did not cause maturation of monocyte-derived human DC in vitro, but lipopolysaccharide-treated monocyte-derived DC showed enhanced functional activity and up-regulated co-stimulatory molecules.     

老年慢性病患者肺部感染与CD14及HLA基因多态性的关系

目的分析老年慢性病患者肺部感染与白细胞分化抗原14(CD14)和人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因多态性的关系。方法选取2017年10月-2019年10月菏泽市单县中心医院老年慢性疾病患者615例,以其中合并肺部感染者97例(15.77%)为研究组,另在未合并肺部感染者中随机抽取92例为对照组,采集两组临床资料,检测并比较两组CD14-159 C/T、CD14-260 C/T和HLA-A、HLA-B和HLA-DRB1基因分布。结果两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)及基础疾病等临床资料比较差异无统计学意义,研究组合并慢性疾病种类较对照组多(P<0.05);两组CD14-159 C/T基因型分布差异显著(P<0.05),研究组CD14-159 C等位基因频率显著低于对照组,T等位基因频率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组CD14-260 C/T基因型及等位基因频率比较差异无统计学意义;研究组HLA-A*0101等位基因频率高于对照组,HLA-B*5201和HLA-DRB1*1502等位基因频率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论合并慢性疾病种类较多的老年慢性疾病患者容易发生肺部感染,感染可能与CD14和HLA基因多态性有关,CD14-159 TT和HLA-A*0101可能为易感基因。     

Correction to: Effect of Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics on Bacterial Community and Nutrient Status in Two Agricultural Soils

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - The original version of the article unfortunately contained a mistake in Fig.&nbsp;3. In this figure, norank_o_DS-100 and Niastella were...     

Occurrence,Human Exposure,and Risk Assessment of Polybrominated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans,Polychlorinated Naphthalenes,and Metals in Atmosphere Around Industrial Parks in Jiangsu,China

Air samples were collected around industrial parks in Jiangsu, China, to allow the concentrations, profiles, and risk assessment of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), and metals to be investigated. The concentrations of ΣPBDD/Fs and ΣPCNs were 1324.26–2080.98 fg/m³ (11.35–42.57 fg I-TEQ/m³) and 10,404.9–29,322.9 fg/m³ (1.32–7.19 fg I-TEQ/ m³), respectively. The highest concentration of ΣPBDD/Fs and ΣPCNs were observed at site C. PBDD/Fs were mainly dominated by PBDFs. The main contributor to the ΣPBDD/Fs in all samples was 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpBDF, which accounted for 25.75%–39.4%. For PCNs, the predominating homologues were tetra-, tri- and penta-CNs, which contributed 30.7%–43.3%, 24.7%–31.0%, and 10.6%–21.6%, respectively. As for metals, the pollution of As, Mn, Cr, and Ni in most samples exceeded National Ambient Air Quality Standards of China. Assessing the risk of inhalation exposure showed that there were potential carcinogenic risks to local residents.

     

Phthalates in House and Dormitory Dust: Occurrence,Human Exposure and Risk Assessment

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - Phthalates are one of ubiquitous contaminants in the indoor environment. In this study, we analyzed concentrations and profiles of 9...