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31.
OBJECTIVES: The main aims of the study were to investigate changes in anxiety and depression over time in subjects attending genetic counseling (GC) for hereditary cancer, and secondly, to identify psychological, social, and medical variables associated with the course and outcome of anxiety and depression. METHODS: Of 275 eligible individuals, 221 consented to participate, 214 returned the baseline questionnaire, and were included in a prospective multi-center study. Questionnaires were mailed to the subjects before and after the GC. RESULTS: The mean values for anxiety and depression were quite low at all assessments. Mixed linear analyzes revealed that both anxiety and depression declined over time. Higher age, GC-related self-efficacy, and social support were associated with lower levels of anxiety. More social support, satisfaction with GC, self-rated physical function, and GC-related self-efficacy were associated with lower levels of depression. The effects of social support on both anxiety and depression had a significant interaction with time. CONCLUSION: The results support the buffer theory, which proposes that social support acts as a buffer, protecting people from the potentially pathogenic influence of stressful life events, such as GC. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Subjects with less social support and less GC-related self-efficacy seem to be more vulnerable to anxiety and depression and should be offered extra attention by counselors. 相似文献
32.
Langerhans cells (LCs) are specialized dendritic cells (DCs) strategically located in stratified epithelia, such as those of the skin, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, upper airways, urethra, and female reproductive tract, which are exposed to a wide variety of microbial pathogens. LCs play an essential role in the induction of T-lymphocyte responses against viruses, bacteria, and parasites that gain access to those epithelial surfaces, due to their high antigen capture and processing potential and their capacity to present antigen peptides to T cells on migration to the lymph nodes.(1) Although LCs have been classically considered of myeloid origin, recent reports, which demonstrate the existence of lymphoid DCs derived from multipotent lymphoid precursors devoid of myeloid differentiation potential,(2-5) raise the question of the lymphoid or myeloid origin of LCs. The present study shows that mouse lymphoid-committed CD4(low) precursors, with the capacity to generate T cells, B cells, CD8(+) lymphoid DCs, and natural killer cells,(26) also generate epidermal LCs on intravenous transfer, supporting the view that LCs belong to the lymphoid lineage. (Blood. 2000;96:1633-1637) 相似文献
33.
Pasqual E Bertolissi F Grimaldi F Beltrami CA Scott CA Bacchetti S Waclaw BU Cagol PP 《Surgery today》2002,32(6):563-565
Adrenal epithelioid angiosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor. Even if such tumors are very aggressive, a long survival may
occasionally be observed after an adrenal ectomy. A 70-year-old woman suffering from persistent right flank pain showed a
5-cm right adrenal mass plus a 2-cm liver mass at the radiologic workup, and both were suspected of being malignant. No adrenal
hypersecretion was demonstrated. During an explorative median laparotomy the right adrenal gland with the whole periadrenal
tissue and locoregional lymph nodes was removed. A histological examination revealed an adrenal angiosarcoma. The resection
margin was tumor-free with no lymph node infiltration. The liver mass turned out to be a cistobiliary adenoma. Since no distant
metastases were observed, no adjuvant chemotherapy was performed. After an 18-month follow-up the patient is still well with
no sign of a relapse. When this rare adrenal tumor is encountered and curative treatment is attempted initially extensive
surgical procedures are essential.
Received: April 16, 2001 / Accepted: November 20, 2001 相似文献
34.
Arpa J Cruz-Martínez A Campos Y Gutiérrez-Molina M García-Rio F Pérez-Conde C Martín MA Rubio JC Del Hoyo P Arpa-Fernández A Arenas J 《Muscle & nerve》2003,28(6):690-695
We report 50 patients with various clinical phenotypes of mitochondrial disease studied over the past 10 years in a large urban area (Madrid Health Area 5). The clinical phenotypes showed a large variety of abnormalities in molecular biology and biochemistry. The prevalence of mitochondrial diseases was found to be 5.7 per 100,000 in the population over 14 years of age. Clinical and electrophysiological assessment reveal signs of neuropathy in 10 patients. Electromyographic findings consistent with myopathy were obtained in 37 cases. Six patients died of medical complications. Disease phenotype influenced survival to some degree (P < 0.01). Age of onset and gender were not associated with differences in survival. Mitochondrial disease is thus far more common than expected and a common cause of chronic morbidity. 相似文献
35.
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a naturally occurring substance that shows anti-carcinogenic properties in animal models. Besides its clear anti-carcinogenic effects, some studies indicate that I3C may sometimes act as a tumor promoter. Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole (ICZ), which is formed in the acidic environment of the stomach after intake of I3C, has a similar structure to, and shares biological effects with, the well-known tumor promoter 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Therefore, we hypothesized that ICZ could be responsible for the potential tumor-promoting activity of I3C. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ICZ on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in primary cultured rat hepatocytes co-cultured with the rat liver epithelial cell line WB-F344. Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole inhibited GJIC in the rat hepatocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Significant inhibition was observed after 8 and 12 h of treatment with 1 and 0.1 micro M ICZ, respectively. Maximum GJIC inhibition (cell-cell communication only 5% of control values) was observed after 24-48 h of ICZ treatment. Continued exposure to 1 micro M ICZ suppressed GJIC until approximately 120 h. Both ICZ and TCDD treatment reduced the Cx32 mRNA level as well as the plasma membrane Cx32 staining. Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole increased the Cyp1a1, Cyp1a2 and Cyp1b1 mRNA levels concurrently with an increase in 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activities. Maximum EROD activity and Cyp1a1 mRNA levels were observed after approximately 12 h, whereas Cyp1a2 and Cyp1b1 mRNA levels peaked after 48 h. This study shows that ICZ may possess tumor promoter activity down-regulating GJIC by mechanisms, which seem to include activation of the Ah receptor and/or Cyp1 activity. Further studies are needed in order to clarify the anticarcinogenic/carcinogenic effects of I3C and ICZ before high doses of I3C may be recommended as a dietary supplement. 相似文献
36.
Navtej S. Buttar Maurits J. Wiersema Kenneth K. Wang Cathrine J. DeMars Ganapathy A. Prasad Lori S. Lutzke 《Journal of gastrointestinal cancer》2006,37(2-3):84-90
Animal models of luminal cancers are important to understand and assess chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic interventions. However, the ability to assess tumor growth and response without animal sacrifice is limited. We assessed the ability of luminal sonography to assess the presence of tumor and its size in a surgical esophagojejunostomy model of esophageal cancer. Luminal sonography had a sensitivity of 88%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 93% in identifying the esophageal cancers. The tumor dimensions on luminal sonography were within 11% of autopsy measurements. Minimal tumor dimension was 2 mm and maximum 6.2 mm. The procedure was feasible without technical difficulty. In conclusion, rodent endosonography is a useful technique that can accurately determine the presence of tumors as well as their dimensions. 相似文献
37.
Molina JA de Bustos F Jiménez-Jiménez FJ Gómez-Escalonilla C García-Redondo A Esteban J Guerrero-Sola A del Hoyo P Martínez-Salio A Ramírez-Ramos C Indurain GR Arenas J 《Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)》2000,107(8-9):1021-1026
Summary. To elucidate whether serum coenzyme Q10 levels are related with the risk for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we compared serum levels of coenzyme Q10 and the coenzyme Q10/cholesterol ratio, in 30 patients with ALS and 42 matched controls using a high performance liquid chromatography technique.
The mean serum coenzyme Q10 levels and the coenzyme Q10/cholesterol ratio did not differ significantly between the 2 study groups. These values were not influenced by the clinical
form (spinal vs. bulbar) of ALS, and they did not correlate with age, age at onset, and duration of the disease. These results
suggest that serum coenzyme Q10 concentrations are unrelated with the risk for ALS.
Received September 1, 1999; accepted January 4, 2000 相似文献
38.
Mitochondrial dysfunction associated with a mutation in the Notch3 gene in a CADASIL family 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
de la Peña P Bornstein B del Hoyo P Fernández-Moreno MA Martín MA Campos Y Gómez-Escalonilla C Molina JA Cabello A Arenas J Garesse R 《Neurology》2001,57(7):1235-1238
BACKGROUND: Cerebral autosomal arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is characterized by recurrent subcortical ischemic strokes and dementia caused by mutations in the Notch3 gene. In Drosophila melanogaster, Notch signaling has a pleiotropic effect, affecting most tissues of the organism during development. OBJECTIVE: To characterize a potential mitochondrial dysfunction associated with mutations in the Notch3 gene. METHODS: Biochemical, histochemical, molecular, and genetic analyses were performed on muscle biopsy specimens and fibroblasts obtained from patients of a Spanish family with CADASIL. Additional biochemical and molecular analyses of the N(55e11) mutant of D. melanogaster were performed. RESULTS: In muscle biopsy specimens, a significant decrease was found in the activity of complex I (NADH [reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide] dehydrogenase), and in one patient, histochemical analysis showed the presence of ragged-red fibers with abnormal cytochrome c oxidase staining. Reduced fibroblast activity of complex V (ATP synthase) was found. Supporting data on patients with CADASIL, it was found that the mutation N(55e11) in Drosophila decreases the activity of mitochondrial respiratory complexes I and V. CONCLUSIONS: Mitochondrial respiratory chain activity responds, directly or indirectly, to the Notch signaling pathway. Mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with CADASIL may be an epiphenomenon, but results of this study suggest that the pathophysiology of the disease could include a defect in oxidative phosphorylation. 相似文献
39.
Ulla Toft Lis Kristoffersen Steen Ladelund Lars Ovesen Cathrine Lau Charlotta Pisinger Lisa von Huth Smith Knut Borch-Johnsen Torben Jørgensen 《The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity》2008,5(1):59