Substrate for endothelial prostacyclin production in the presence of platelets exposed to collagen is derived from the platelets rather than the endothelium

Interactions between vascular endothelial cells and blood platelets have been investigated using a model microcirculation consisting of microcarrier beads colonized with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and perfused with washed platelet suspensions. To simulate the effects of endothelial desquamation and exposure of subendothelium, fibrillar collagen in suspension was coinjected with the platelets. In this model, neither the passage of platelets alone nor collagen alone stimulated prostacyclin (PGI2) production by the HUVECs. Platelets activated by coinjection with collagen released thromboxane A2 (TXA2), and this was associated with the simultaneous production of PGI2 by the HUVECs. By means of double-isotope experiments with [3H]arachidonic acid (AA) incorporated into platelets and [14C]-AA into HUVECs, it was shown that all the PGI2 generated was derived from platelet AA and/or endoperoxides. This interpretation was strengthened by the finding that PGI2 production was not prevented by treatment of HUVECs with indomethacin followed by perfusion with collagen-stimulated platelets. AA metabolites in double-isotope label experiments were further characterized by reverse-phase chromatography, and it was shown that both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products of the HUVECs were derived from platelet membrane lipid. Thrombin regularly produced transient PGI2 release, but showed rapid tachyphylaxis. Platelet-derived compounds including ADP, ATP, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) did not produce PGI2 release by HUVECs in this system. Thus, the transfer of AA and metabolites from collagen- stimulated platelets is likely to be the mechanism for PGI2 production in the context of minor degrees of endothelial desquamation.     

左卡尼汀治疗老年冠心病并左室舒张功能不全的疗效

目的：观察左卡尼汀治疗老年冠心病并左室舒张功能不全的疗效。方法：80例老年冠心病并左室舒张功能不全患者被随机分为两组，对照组予利尿剂、硝酸酯类药物、G受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂或血管紧张素受体拮抗剂治疗，治疗组在此基础上加用左卡尼汀2g／d静点，1次／d，疗程20d。观察治疗前、后心功能状况、左室舒张功能的有关参数的变化，并观察药物不良反应。结果：两组治疗后临床症状均有好转，但治疗组的总有效率及显效率均高于对照组（P〈0．05），同时治疗组舒张功能指标A峰、E峰、E／A比值改善显著优于对照组（P〈0．01），且未见不良反应。结论：左卡尼汀可安全、明显改善老年冠心病并左室舒张功能不全者的临床症状和心功能指标。     

罗格列酮联合阿司匹林对糖尿病伴代谢综合征的疗效

目的:探讨罗格列酮联合阿司匹林对糖尿病伴代谢综合征的治疗效果。方法:纳入观察和统计的糖尿病伴代谢综合征患者80例,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组40例。对照组治疗药物为阿司匹林肠溶片,观察组治疗药物为罗格列酮分散片加阿司匹林肠溶片,比较两组治疗前后胰岛素、血脂、尿微量白蛋白(M-Alb)和不良反应发生率。结果:两组治疗后与治疗前比较,空腹血清胰岛素(F-INS)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)水平均明显降低、胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-IS)水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和尿M-Alb水平均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。观察组治疗后与对照组比较,F-INS和HOMA-IR水平降低更显著(P<0.05)、HOMA-IS水平升高更显著(P<0.01),TC、TG和尿M-Alb水平降低更显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:罗格列酮联合阿司匹林治疗糖尿病伴代谢综合征的疗效显著,可使机体血脂与胰岛素抵抗得到有效调节。     

Effects of propofol on cardiac function and miR-494 expression in rats with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effects of propofol on cardiac function and miR-494 expression in rats with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.MethodsForty healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to the sham operation group and three hepatic I/R injury groups. The I/R injury groups included I/R injury only (I/R group), treatment with propofol (propofol group), and treatment with propofol + overexpressed miR-494 (propofol+miR-494 group). Apoptosis of myocardial cells and changes in cardiac function indices, including left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, as well as changes in miR-494, were monitored.ResultsThe apoptotic rate of myocardial cells in the I/R group was higher, cardiac function was deteriorated, and miR-494 levels were elevated compared with the sham group. The apoptotic rate was lower, cardiac function was improved, and miR-494 levels were suppressed in the propofol group compared with the I/R group. The apoptotic rate was higher, cardiac function was deteriorated, and miR-494 levels were elevated in the propofol+miR-494 group compared with the propofol group.ConclusionPropofol plays a vital role in preventing myocardial cell apoptosis and improvement of cardiac function by suppressing miR-494 in a hepatic I/R injury rat model.     

Ecto-5′-nucleotidase (CD73) promotes tumor angiogenesis

Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Studies indicate that expression and activity of ecto-5′-nucleotidase (CD73) are elevated in metastatic carcinomas. Our previous studies found that angiogenesis of tumor xenografts was decreased when the activity of CD73 in cancer cells was inhibited, implying that this enzyme is involved in tumor angiogenesis. To elucidate the mechanism, we investigated CD73 influence on tumor angiogenesis in both in vitro assays and in tumor bearing mice. We found that capillary-like structures were formed more in CD73^+/+ pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMECs) than CD73^?/? PMECs, and this was more pronounced when the cells were cultured in cancer-conditioned medium. Meanwhile, CD73 decreased endothelial cells adhesion to collagen IV and promoted migration. Additionally, the extent of tumor angiogenesis and the size of tumors were greater in CD73^+/+ mice than in CD73^?/? mice. Thus, we concluded that CD73 can promote endothelial cells forming new vessels in cancer condition, facilitating tumor growth and hematogenous metastasis.     

微型锁定钢板与空心螺钉治疗MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折的疗效对比研究

目的 比较微型锁定钢板与空心螺钉治疗MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性研究2017年1月—2020年1月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇二医院骨科收治的31例MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折患者,男性20例,女性11例;年龄19～61岁,平均35.4岁;摔伤17例,道路交通伤9例,高处坠落伤5例.根据内固定物不同分为微型钢板组(14例)和空心螺钉组(17例).记录两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度及骨折愈合时间.随访时记录肩关节功能活动度(ROM)及并发症,采用Constant-Murley评分(CSS)评定疗效.结果 患者均获得12～32个月(平均17.4个月)随访.两组手术时间[(45.9±8.2)minvs.(44.1±8.8)min]、术中出血量[(58.2±8.5)mLvs.(52.7±12.1)mL]、切口长度[(4.4±0.5)cmvs.(4.7±0.5)cm]及骨折愈合时间[(9.6±1.6)周vs.(10.1±2.2)周]比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).微型锁定钢板组无严重并发症.空心螺钉组有1例出现内固定松动,行非手术治疗,4个月畸形愈合,功能可;2例复位丢失,再次行手术治疗,恢复较满意.两组关节活动比较(微型钢板组vs.空心螺钉组),前屈上举[(156.4±13.1)°vs.(127.1±17.1)°、外展(128.2±11.7)°vs.(117.9±10.0)°、后伸(43.9±11.1)°vs.(32.1±14.5)°],微型钢板组优于空心螺钉组(P<0.05).微型钢板组CSS评分高于空心螺钉组[(85.7±8.9)分vs.(72.7±8.1)分],P<0.05.结论 与空心螺钉相比,微型钢板治疗MutchⅡ型肱骨大结节骨折具有固定牢靠、可早期行功能锻炼、肩关节功能恢复好、术后并发症少等优点.     

游离旋髂浅动脉分叶皮瓣修复手部不规则创面的临床应用研究

目的 探讨以游离旋髂浅动脉为血供的分叶皮瓣修复手部多个创面缺损的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2015年1月—2019年1月西南医科大学附属中医医院骨伤手外科应用以旋髂浅动脉为血供的分叶皮瓣修复手部多个创面缺损22例,男性15例,女性7例;年龄27～59岁,平均41.5岁.机械伤17例,压砸伤5例;手背部12例,手掌部10例.携带2个穿支,形成2个分叶皮瓣20例,携带3个穿支,形成3个分叶皮瓣2例.创面不规则,均伴有肌腱、骨骼外露,皮瓣切取面积2.0 cm×2.5 cm～3.0 cm×8.0 cm.皮瓣供区均采用美容缝合.患者均获门诊或微信定期随访,观察皮瓣的质地、颜色、外形及美观.结果 皮瓣顺利成活19例,术后第1天出现动脉栓塞2例,经手术探查后血管再通畅,皮瓣完全成活,皮瓣远端少许坏死1例,经换药后愈合.随访时间3～15个月,平均10.5个月,皮瓣色泽良好,质地可,外形美观,供区美容缝合后仅留线性瘢痕.根据手外科上肢功能评定标准进行评定:优16例,良6例.结论 旋髂浅动脉为血供的分叶皮瓣供区隐蔽,穿支较恒定,易于解剖,可以携带多个穿支,形成分叶皮瓣,修复手部多个创面,具有良好的临床疗效.     

Establishment and Evaluation of a Simplified Evaluation System of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Purpose

In recent years, a variety of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) evaluation systems have been developed worldwide; however, they are not so convenient for the doctors clinically, we decided to establish and evaluate a simplified evaluation system of ARDS (SESARDS).

Materials and Methods

Data from 140 ARDS patients (derivation data set) were collected to screen for prognostic factors affecting outcomes in ARDS patients. By logistic regression analysis, scores were allocated to corresponding intervals of the variables, respectively, by means of analysis of the frequency distribution to establish a preliminary scoring system. Based on this primary scoring system, a definitive evaluation scheme was created through consultation with a panel of experts. The scores for the validation data set (92 cases) were assigned and calculated by their predictive mortality with the SESARDS and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II). The performance of SESARDS was compared with that of APACHE II by means of statistical analysis.

Results

The factors of age, pH, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), oxygenation index (OI), and the lobes of lung were associated with prognosis of ARDS respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SESARDS for the validation data set were 96.43% and 58.33%, respectively. On the AUC, no significant difference between APACHE II and SESARDS was detected. There were no significant differences between the prediction and the actuality obtained by SESARDS for the validation data set the SESARDS scores were positively correlated with the actual mortality.

Conclusion

SESARDS was shown to be simple, accurate and effective in predicting ARDS progression.