GNAS gene mutations affecting XLαs and bone health: A long neglected relationship

The GNAS locus is an imprinted site. The α-subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα) and extralarge variant (XLαs) are the two important products of the GNAS locus. The abnormal expression of Gsα is associated with pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) and related disorders, including Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP), and progressive osseous heteroplasia (POH). XLαs protein can mimic the catalytic intracellular synthesis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by Gsα in response to parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulation, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of PPHP and POH in patients with paternal GNAS defects. A paternally inherited nonsense variant in the first exon of XLαs in an adult patient may be associated with fractures and osteopetrosis. The relationship between the XLαs product of the GNAS locus and bone remodeling may have been overlooked. Here, we summarize the phenotypes of genetic mouse models and clinical cases of XLαs variations and suggest that the abnormal paternal expression of XLαs may be associated with the development of POH and affect osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.     

电化教育在医学生素质教育中的作用

电化教育随着时代的变迁和社会的发展以及医学科学特点,在医学教育中的地位不断加强,尤其是在医学素质教育中,发挥着重大作用。     

Messenger-rnas for activin and activin receptors are expressed in fetal bovine heart endothelial-cells

Inhibin and activin, members of transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) superfamily, have been localized immunohistochemically in fetal bovine heart endothelial cells (FBHE), suggesting that these cells produce inhibin/activin proteins. In addition, the mRNAs coding for alpha-, and beta A-subunits of inhibin/activin, and activin receptor II were expressed in these cells by in situ hybridization technique. It is concluded that inhibin/activin and activin receptor are expressed in FBHE and activin may have autocrine functions in these cells.     

微波治疗耳鼻喉科疾病疗效观察

探索耳鼻喉慢性炎症的简便有效疗法。方法：对１０２例病人表麻下用微波辐射探头定量向病 变组织输入电磁波。结果：随访观察半年以上,治愈率达８８．２４％,有效率达１００％。结论：此方法操作简便,疗 效好,病人痛苦小,值得临床推广。     

咬合板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病的时机与疗效

目的：通过对颞下颌关节紊乱病（ＴＭＤ） 的临床表现及咬合板治疗的疗效进行分析,探讨ＴＭＤ 的最佳治疗时机。方法：对１５６ 例经咬合板治疗的ＴＭＤ患者就诊时间及治疗２ 个月后治疗效果做分类统计分析。结果：治疗２ 个月后疼痛、弹响及张口受限的总治愈率分别为８１．４％ 、４９．０％ 和８１．５％ 。其中于发病４ 周内就诊的患者治愈率分别为９３．２％ 、７７．３％ 和９３．２％ ,于４ 周后就诊的患者治愈率分别为７３．９％ 、４０．８ ％ 和３０．０ ％ ,两组差异显著（ 弹响及张口受限, Ｐ＜ ０．０１,疼痛Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＴＭＤ在发病４ 周内进行咬合板治疗效果满意。     

聚合酶链反应检测细菌16S rRNA基因

根据细菌１６ＳｒＲＮＡ基因的高度保守性,设计合成所有细菌、革兰氏阳性细菌及革兰氏阴性细菌的共同引物,采用聚合酶链反应检测已知细菌１３株,三对引物分别扩增的阳性率为１００％,倍比稀释法能检出细菌的最低浓度为４ＣＦＵ·ｍｌ－１,同时检测临床样本４０份,阳性率为６７５％（２７／４０）,同期细菌培养阳性率为４５％（１８／４０）,二者比较差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示聚合酶链反应检测细菌１６ＳｒＲＮＡ基因具有高度的特异性和敏感性。     

应用视神经纤维分析仪检测正常人视网膜神经纤维层厚度

目的 探讨正常人的视网膜神经纤维层厚度及其象限比值与年龄的关系。方法 应用视神经每人义检测１９８例（１９８只眼）正常志愿者,并按年龄分组进行统计分析。结果 ＲＮＦＬＴ与年龄成负相关,上、下方象限厚度较鼻、颞侧大,与年龄相关、鼻、颞侧无此特点。上、下方象限厚度比值平均为１．０４１。结论 ＮＦＡ是测量ＲＮＦＬＴ的可靠方法,正常人的ＲＮＦＬＴ随年龄的增长而减少。     

Development and clinical application of dental spot weld & heat-treat tri-uses device]

A spot weld & heating treatment tri-uses device based on modern mechanical-electric technique, was developed for dental spot weld, stainless steel orthodontic wire heating-reversion and Ni-Ti orthodontic wire heating-overload metamorphism. The device will be very helpful instrument in orthodontic clinic. The paper not only described the operating methods of the device, but also discussed the Performance-improved principles of stainless steel orthodontic wire and the principles of heating overload metamorphism of Ni-Ti orthodontic wire.     

不同手术切口对白内障术后视力和屈光力的影响

目的　评价白内障不同的手术切口对术后视力恢复的影响。方法　对１８６ 只眼老年性、并发性、发育性和无角膜瘢痕的外伤性白内障行ＥＣＣＥ（ＣＣＣ） 加ＩＯＬ。切口为１１ ｍ ｍ ,隧道６ ｍ ｍ 及反眉状５ ．５ ｍ ｍ 巩膜切口,手术后１ ｗｋ ,１ ｍ ｏ ,３ ｍ ｏ 进行视力和屈光检查与比较。结果　随着手术切口的缩小和手术切口的改进,角膜散光明显减少,视力明显提高。结论　提示反眉状隧道式白内障摘出术ＩＯＬ 术具有有效控制术后散光,全面重建视功能的优点