土源性线虫感染对儿童生活质量影响因素分析

目的:探讨土源性线虫(STH)感染对儿童生活质量的影响,为提高儿童尤其是STH感染儿童生活质量提供依据。方法:采用Kato-Katz法,对小学5～6年级儿童进行粪便病原学检查,一送三检查蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫等土源性线虫虫卵,并按WHO标准感染度分级为轻、中、重度感染;应用SF-12量表对参与粪检的507例儿童进行问卷调查。结果:回收合格问卷472份。STH感染175例,感染率37.1%。中重度以上感染79例,感染率16.7%;中重度STH感染儿童生理评分(PCS)和心理评分(MCS)(14.32±3.69和16.08±4.17),低于轻度感染儿童PCS和MCS(15.54±3.37和17.30±4.39)及未受感染儿童PCS和MCS(16.86±3.37和18.68±3.84),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);逐步回归分析显示,影响儿童生活质量的主要因素:土源性线虫感染、母亲文化、过去1个月经常腹痛、饭前便后不洗手、过去1个月是否患病等。结论:STH感染影响儿童生活质量。做好学龄儿童卫生保健,养成良好卫生习惯,重视儿童慢性疾病的预防与控制,提高父母文化是改善STH感染儿童生活质量的重要途径。     

Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in US Adults with Undiagnosed Diabetes or Prediabetes

Background and objectives: Prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in people with diagnosed diabetes is known to be high, but little is known about the prevalence of CKD in those with undiagnosed diabetes or prediabetes. We aimed to estimate and compare the community prevalence of CKD among people with diagnosed diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, prediabetes, or no diabetes.Design, setting, participants, & measurements: The 1999 through 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey is a representative survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population. Participants who were aged ≥20 years; responded to the diabetes questionnaire; and had fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum creatinine, and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio measurements were included (N = 8188). Diabetes status was defined as follows: Diagnosed diabetes, self-reported provider diagnosis (n = 826); undiagnosed diabetes, FPG ≥126 mg/dl without self-reported diagnosis (n = 299); prediabetes, FPG ≥100 and <126 mg/dl (n = 2272); and no diabetes, FPG <100 mg/dl (n = 4791). Prevalence of CKD was defined by estimated GFR 15 to 59 ml/min per 1.73 m² or albumin-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g; adjustment was performed with multivariable logistic regression.Results: Fully 39.6% of people with diagnosed and 41.7% with undiagnosed diabetes had CKD; 17.7% with prediabetes and 10.6% without diabetes had CKD. Age-, gender-, and race/ethnicity-adjusted prevalence of CKD was 32.9, 24.2, 17.1, and 11.8%, for diagnosed, undiagnosed, pre-, and no diabetes, respectively. Among those with CKD, 39.1% had undiagnosed or prediabetes.Conclusions: CKD prevalence is high among people with undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes. These individuals might benefit from interventions aimed at preventing development and/or progression of both CKD and diabetes.The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by either albuminuria or reduced kidney function, is >40% among adults with a diagnosis of diabetes (1). Recent data indicate that 13% of US adults have diabetes and that at least 25% of these adults'' diabetes is undiagnosed. An additional 30% of US adults are at high risk for developing diabetes and are considered to have prediabetes (2,3). Despite the heavy burden of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes, relatively little is known about CKD prevalence in affected individuals.In this study, we estimated the prevalence of CKD among a representative sample of US adults with undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes, compared with that in adults with diagnosed or no diabetes, using 1999 through 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. We also examined whether the CKD prevalence among those with undiagnosed diabetes or prediabetes differed by demographic factors, socioeconomic status, and clinical indicators.     

2011年8月中国部分法定传染病疫情动态摘抄

乙脑 安徽省：2011年8月全省共报告病例50例,较上月（27例）环比上升85.19%,较2010年同期（111例）同比下降54.96%,2011年累计报病80例,较2010年同期（138例）同比下降42.03%。湖南省：8月全省共报告病例107例,死亡5例。报告病例数比上月（48例）上升122.92%,比2010年同期（78例）上升37.18%,2011年至本期累计报告152例,比2010年同期（99例）上升53.54%,2011年至本期累计死亡8例,     

2010年9月中国部分法定传染病疫情动态摘抄

<正>麻疹四川省:2010年9月,全省共报告病例58例,无死亡。报告病例数较上月下降21.62%,比2009年同期上升346.15%。病例主要分布在巴中市(17例)、甘孜州(11例)、宜宾市(7例)、达州市(6例)和成都市(5例)。