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Brianna M. Williams Are Berentsen Barbara C. Shock Maria Teixiera Michael R. Dunbar Matthew S. Becker Michael J. Yabsley 《Parasitology research》2014,113(3):911-918
A molecular survey was conducted for several hemoparasites of domestic dogs and three species of wild carnivores from two sites in Zambia. Three Babesia spp. were detected including Babesia felis and Babesia leo in lions (Panthera leo) and a Babesia sp. (similar to Babesia lengau) in spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) and a single lion. All wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) and domestic dogs were negative for Babesia. High prevalences for Hepatozoon were noted in all three wild carnivores (38–61 %) and in domestic dogs (13 %). Significantly higher prevalences were noted in hyenas and wild dogs compared with domestic dogs and lions. All carnivores were PCR negative for Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia ewingii, and Bartonella spp. Overall, high prevalences and diversity of Babesia and Hepatozoon were noted in wild carnivores from Zambia. This study is the first molecular characterization of Babesia from any hyena species and is the first report of a Babesia sp. closely related to B. lengau, a parasite previously only reported from cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus), in lions and hyenas. Although usually benign in wild carnivores, these hemoparasites can be pathogenic under certain circumstances. Importantly, data on vectors for these parasites are lacking, so studies are needed to identify vectors as well as determine transmission routes, infection dynamics, and host specificity of these hemoparasites in wildlife in Africa and also the risk of transmission between domestic animals and wildlife. 相似文献
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Ruthann B. Pfau Devon Lamb Thrush Elizabeth Hamelberg Dennis Bartholomew Shaun Botes Matthew Pastore Christopher Tan Daniela del Gaudio Julie M. Gastier-Foster Caroline Astbury 《European journal of medical genetics》2013,56(11):609-613
A newborn with severe microcephaly and a history of parental consanguinity was referred for cytogenetic analysis and subsequently for genetic evaluation. While a 46,XY karyotype was eventually obtained, premature chromosome condensation was observed. A head MRI confirmed primary microcephaly. This combination of features focused clinical interest on the MCPH1 gene and directed genetic testing by sequence analysis and duplication/deletion studies disclosed a homozygous deletion of exons 1–11 of the MCPH1 gene. This case illustrates a strength of standard cytogenetic evaluation in directing molecular testing to a single target gene in this disorder, allowing much more rapid diagnosis at a substantial cost savings for this family. 相似文献
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Brosens IA De Sutter P Hamerlynck T Imeraj L Yao Z Cloke B Brosens JJ Dhont M 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2007,22(6):1725-1729
BACKGROUND: We postulated that impaired endometrial differentiation in women with pelvic endometriosis predisposes for pre-eclampsia. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study set at the University of Ghent IVF centre. The incidence of pre-eclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) following the clinical and/or laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis-associated infertility (case group; n = 245 pregnancies) was compared with the incidence of these obstetric complications in pregnancies following treatment for male-factor infertility (control group; n = 274 pregnancies). Pregnancy data were obtained by searching electronic databases and postal questionnaires. The case and control groups were matched for age, parity and multiple pregnancies. RESULTS: The incidence of pre-eclampsia was significantly lower in the case group (0.8%) when compared with control group (5.8%) (P = 0.002; odds ratio (OR) = 7.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.7-33.3). Analysis of obstetric outcome in the subgroup of patients with laparoscopic data confirmed the lower risk of pre-eclampsia in the case (1.2%) versus control (7.4%) groups (P = 0.032; OR = 6.6, 95% CI: 1.2-37). PIH occurred in 3.5% and 8.7% of case and control pregnancies, respectively (P = 0.018; OR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.2-6.0). The odds of developing pre-eclampsia were 5.67 times higher in the control group than in pregnancies following endometriosis-associated infertility. In multiple pregnancies, the odds of developing pre-eclampsia increased 1.93 times per additional child, with or without endometriosis. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence that endometriosis predisposes for pre-eclampsia. Instead, the risk of hypertensive disorder in pregnancy is significantly reduced in women with endometriosis-associated infertility. 相似文献
49.
Anna E. Greer Stacey Davis Cristina Sandolo Nicole Gaudet Brianna Castrogivanni 《Journal of nutrition education and behavior》2018,50(2):133-140.e1
Objective
To examine the relationship between high school students' agricultural experiences and their (1) attitudes about consuming local fruits and vegetables, (2) willingness to try new fruits and vegetables, and (3) fruit and vegetable consumption.Design
Cross-sectional survey research.Setting
Public high schools in a lower-income, diverse, urban, northeastern community.Participants
A total of 327 students from 3 public high schools.Main Outcome Measure(s)
Exposures were prior experience helping on a farm or community garden (yes/no) and having a home garden (yes/no). Outcomes were perceptions about local produce consumption (α?=?.73), willingness to try new fruits (α?=?.86) and vegetables (α?=?.86), and adequate fruit and vegetable consumption (yes/no) as measured by a valid 2-item cup screener.Analysis
Independent t tests, 1-way ANOVA, and chi-square tests were used.Results
Half of students (52.9%) reported prior farm experience; 29.7% reported having a garden at home. Few students reported consuming at least 3 cups/d of vegetables (9.8%) or 2 cups/d of fruit (37.0%). Students with prior farm experience had more favorable scores for local produce perceptions (P?=?.002) and willingness to try new fruits (P?=?.001) and vegetables (P?<?.001) than were students without prior experience. Students with a home garden had more favorable scores for local produce perceptions (P?=?.02) and willingness to try new fruits (P?=?.001) and vegetables (P?=?.001) and more often consumed adequate vegetables (P?=?.007) than did students without a garden.Conclusions and Implications
Those working with high school students might consider offering agriculture experiences that could promote positive fruit and vegetable attitudes and behaviors. 相似文献50.
Paul Lanier Kathryn Maguire-Jack Brianna Lombardi Joseph Frey Roderick A. Rose 《Maternal and child health journal》2018,22(3):288-297
Objectives This study seeks to further the work exploring adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) by proposing a novel approach to understanding the impact of ACEs through applying advanced analytical methods to examine whether combinations of ACEs differentially impact child health outcomes. Methods Using National Survey of Children’s Health data, we use latent class analysis to estimate associations between classes of ACEs and child health outcomes. Results Class membership predicts child poor health, with differences found for specific ACE combinations. A subgroup of children exposed to poverty and parental mental illness are at higher risk for special healthcare needs than all other groups, including children exposed to 3 or more ACEs. Conclusions Different combinations of ACEs carry different risk for child health. Interventions tailored to specific ACEs and ACE combinations are likely to have a greater effect on improving child health. Our findings suggest children who experience specific ACE combinations (e.g., poverty and parental mental illness) are at particularly high risk for poor health outcomes. Therefore, clinicians should routinely assess for ACEs to identify children exposed to the most problematic ACE combinations; once identified, these children should be given priority for supportive interventions tailored to their specific ACE exposure and needs. 相似文献