男性抗精子抗体对体外受精一胚胎移植的影响

目的;评价男性抗精子抗体对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)的影响。方法:以ELISA方法测定施行IVF-ET的150对不育夫妇中男方精浆抗精子抗体(AsAb)并分组:AsAb阳性组22例,AsAb阴性组128例。对比分析抗精子抗体及抗体类型对体外受精、卵裂和早期胚胎发育的影响,同时对移植后的妊娠率和流产率进行分析。结果:AsAb阳性组体外受精数明显低于AsAb阴性组(P<0.01),两组的卵裂数则无明显差异(P>0.05),而在阳性组中,不同抗体类型间体外受精、卵裂及胚胎质量无明显差异(P>0.05)。在移植日,AsAb阳性组的I级胚胎较阴性组低,而ⅢⅣ级胚胎和2原核受精细胞(2PN)明显增加(P<0.01)。两组移植后临床妊娠流产率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:AsAb能明显降低精子体外受精能力,对早期胚胎发育有损害。精子体处理不能完全清除AsAb对IVF影响。     

隔膜条件下骨再生成骨细胞来源的实验观察

目的:研究在隔膜条件下引导性骨再生过程中成骨细胞的来源,进一步认识引导性骨再生的机制.方法:以成年新西兰兔为研究对象,在双侧挠骨中段制作标准骨缺损不愈合模型,用硅胶膜成管状包裹一侧骨缺损,另一侧无特殊处理为对照.术后分别进行X线检查、常规HE染色以及SP方法BMP、BGP抗体的免疫组化染色.结果:硅胶膜在骨缺损处形成隔离密闭的腔室,将周围组织阻挡于骨缺损之外.早期骨端骨内膜、骨髓基质细胞大量增殖,形成肉芽组织占据骨缺损.骨再生过程中表现出明显的组织学特征:骨痂表面为2～3层成骨细胞,骨缺损中央为肉芽组织,两者之间为数层细胞形成的移行区,细胞排列疏松.早期骨端骨内膜、骨髓基质细胞BMP、BGP呈强阳性染色,骨痂生长过程中,移行区部分细胞呈阳性染色.结论:结果表明在隔膜条件下骨再生的成骨细胞在早期来源于髓内的骨内膜和骨髓基质细胞,骨痂形成后,成骨细胞则来源于骨内膜、骨髓、骨膜增殖细胞共同形成的肉芽组织中的间质细胞或成纤维细胞.     

分泌性中耳炎中耳积液和血清中sIL－2R水平的初步研究

应用酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）对３０例正常人血清（对照组）和６０例分泌性中耳炎患者（ＳＯＭ组）中耳积液和血清中可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）进行了检测。结果示ＳＯＭ组血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于对照组，ＭＥＦ中其含量明显高于血清；鼻咽癌组血清及ＭＥＦ中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于─般ＳＯＭ组；粘液组高浆液组；慢性组高于急性组（均Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：血清及ＭＥＦ中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平的测定有助于对ＳＯＭ患者免疫状态的评估；ＭＥＦ中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ可能主要由局部中耳粘膜产生；ＭＥＰ中高浓度的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ存在可能是ＳＯＭ迁延不愈的─个原因。     

Localization of neurons projecting into the extrinsic penile smooth musculature of the pig: an experimental study on the retractor penis muscle

The aim of this study was to locate in male pigs the sensory and autonomic ganglia innervating the retractor penis muscle (RPM), which was taken as an experimental model of the genital smooth musculature. The retrograde neuronal tracers horseradish peroxidase (HRP), Fast Blue (FB), and diamidino yellow (DY) were injected into the bulbopenile portion of the left RPM. The tracers highlighted a different affinity for the neuronal structures, although labelled cells supplying the RPM were generally found in bilateral dorsal root ganglia (DRGs, S1-S3), in bilateral paravertebral ganglia (PaGs, L2-S3), and in the left and right caudal mesenteric ganglia (CMGs). The mean number of labelled FB cells was 795 (range, 645-952) in DRGs, 16046.25 (range, 10226-18742) in PaGs, and 635.25 (range, 333-786) in CMGs. The mean diameter of pseudounipolar DRG cells was 60-75 microm, while the multipolar neurons of PaGs and CMGs had dimensions varying between 20-50 microm and 20-30 microm, respectively.     

一期全膝关节表面置换术治疗双膝骨关节病

目的：探讨一期全膝关节表面置换术治疗双膝骨关节病的可行性及疗效。方法：采用全膝关节表面置换术治疗双侧膝骨关节病患者16例，其中一期手术8例（Ⅰ组），分期手术8例（Ⅱ组）。结果：16例均得到随访1～3a，平均16个月。Ⅰ组术中出血量、输血量、手术时间、住院日，明显低于Ⅱ组（P〈0．05）；术后膝关节HSS评分，两组间比较其差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：应用一期全膝关节表面置换术治疗双膝骨关节病安全，且近期疗效满意。     

Consensus statement on the bio-safety of urinary-derived gonadotrophins with respect to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) encompass a group of rare neurodegenerative diseases. In April 2004, a group of international experts and regulators met in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to review the safety and to reach consensus on the use of urinary-derived gonadotrophins with respect to TSE. Iatrogenic transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) from pituitary-derived gonadotrophins has been reported, no infectivity in urine has been demonstrated, and no definite cases of transmission via urine have been reported. It is currently not possible to monitor donor urine or finished product for the presence of prions. Therefore the assessment of risk has to be based on the likelihood of infection in urine, the source of the urine, and the capacity of the manufacturing process to remove any adventitious infection. Urine for the production of medicinal products should be obtained from sources that minimize the possible presence of materials derived from subjects suffering from human TSE. As no strong evidence for TSE infectivity in urine exists, it can be concluded that the risk of disease-generating prions and TSE infectivity being present in donor urine is low. Current evidence indicates that, with respect to the risk of TSE infection, urinary-derived gonadotrophins appear to be safe.     

Adult-onset type II citrullinemia and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis caused by citrin deficiency: involvement of the aspartate glutamate carrier for urea synthesis and maintenance of the urea cycle

Citrin is a mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier primarily expressed in the liver, heart, and kidney. We found that adult-onset type II citrullinemia is caused by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene that encodes for citrin. In this report, we describe the frequency of SLC25A13 mutations, the roles of citrin as a member of the urea cycle and as a member of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the relationship between its functions and symptoms of citrin deficiency, and therapeutic issues.     

汉族男子体格及生殖器发育特点

2411例汉族男性大学生体格和生殖器的测量结果如下:阴茎周径8.17±0.64cm,阴茎长度7.43±1.04cm,阴茎牵长13.33±1.19cm,右睾丸容积17.91±4.09ml,左睾丸容积17.83±4.05ml,身高171.07±5.66cm,体重58.43±7.75kg.北方学生体格和生殖器发育均优于南方.城、县、乡学生的生殖器发育无明显差异,但城市学生体格发育优于农村.16岁后阴茎、睾丸大小变化不大,但生殖器的发育可持续到30岁.