深圳宝安3～7岁健康幼儿血清糖、离子、非蛋白含氮类化合物表达水平观察

目的观察深圳宝安3～7岁健康幼儿血清糖、离子、非蛋白含氮类化合物表达水平。方法采用OLRPUSAU-640全自动生化仪及OLRPUS诊断试剂、东欧生物诊断试荆，检测316例体检健康幼儿血清中Ca^＋＋、Mg^＋＋、P^＋＋＋、GLU、BUN、Cr、UA的含量。结果①．1组与4组及2组与3、4组Ca^＋＋组间方差分析，差异有统计学意义，P〈0.05。②．1组与2、3、4组Cr组间方差分析，差异有统计学意义P〈0．05。而Mg^＋＋、P^＋＋＋、GLU、BUN、UA组间方差分析差异无统计学意义，P〉0．05。结论笔者证实了3～4岁健康幼儿与6～7岁健康幼儿及4～5岁健康幼儿与5～7岁健康幼儿血清Ca^＋＋表达水平有差异。也证实了3～4岁健康幼儿与4～7健康幼儿Cr含量存在差异。由此可见，3～7岁健康幼儿建立自己的参考值是必要的。     

Clinical observations on the use of the Chinese herbTripterygium wilfordii Hook for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome

A preparation of extracts from the root of the Chinese medicinal herbTripterygium wilfordii Hook was administered orally at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight per day to 13 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Eight children, including 4 who were steroid resistant, went into remission which was maintained in 4 for up to 3 years after withdrawal of treatment. In 3 children the proteinuria lessened with the return of plasma protein concentration to normal, and in 1 child this improvement was maintained for 4 years after treatment ceased. No serious side-effects were noted, but a temporary anti-fertility activity has been noted in other studies of both men and women.     

脑型肌酸激酶同功酶在脑血管病中的意义 Ⅱ.急性脑血管病患者血清和脑脊液中CKBB变化及与CT片上病损大小的关系

用改良的ELISA检测25例正常对照组和32例急性脑血管病患者的血清和脑脊液(CSF)中的脑型肌酸激酶同功酶BB(creatine kinase isoenzyme BB)浓度。32例急性脑血管病患者CSF CKBB平均水平为16.62±8.3ng/ml,明显高于对照组(7.5—4.8ng/ml)。发病24h内CSFCKBB轻微增高,24～48h达高峰,以后下降,7天左右尚未恢复正常。病初CSF CKBB水平明显高于恢复期。9例高血压性脑出血的血肿出血量(按CT片上血肿大小计算)与患者CSF CKBB有密切关系(r=0.8127,P<0.01)。血肿体积(X)与CSF CKBB浓度(y)的回归方程y—7.945±0.872X。     

怎样理解和区分"验证"和"评估"在助听器验配中的使用

听力学是一门刚刚兴起的学科，在我国尚属起步阶段，许多专业词汇都是从英语翻译过来的。为了使广大读者对听力学基本概念有更清晰的认识和理解，本刊特别开辟专栏。约请加拿大达尔豪斯大学教授Dr．David Jiang撰写系列文章，对相关词汇及英语术语加以解释和界定。此间，Dr．David Jiang将选择一些容易混淆和误读的、有代表性的术语和词语，结合现实情况。给大家做更为详尽的介绍。以期我国听力语言康复科学学术界同仁对一些英文专业词汇有更为准确和精当的理解与应用。     

良性淋巴上皮病、淋巴上皮癌、MALT淋巴瘤的关系

良性淋巴上皮病(benign lymphoepithelial lesion)、淋巴上皮癌(lymphoepithelial carcinoma)、黏膜相关淋巴组织型结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤(MALT淋巴瘤)(extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue,MALT lymphoma)是3种性质不同但又存在某些关联的病变,本文对3种病变的病因、组织病理学表现及三者之间的关系进行了介绍,并结合叶为民等论文中的一些内容进行了简要探讨。     

Optical Pretargeting of Tumor with Fluorescent MORF Oligomers

Objective Pretargeting with radioactivity has significantly improved tumor to normal tissue radioactivity ratios over conventional antibody imaging in both animal studies and clinical trials. This laboratory is investigating DNA analogues such as phosphorodiamidate morpholinos (MORFs) for pretargeting using technetium-99m (^99mTc) for detection. However, the unique properties of fluorescence activation and quenching combined with oligomers with their unique properties of hybridization may be particularly useful when used together for pretargeting with optical detection. The use of linear fluorophore-conjugated oligomer duplexes have been little used in animals, and to our knowledge, have not previously been considered for pretargeting applications. Methods A MORF/cDNA pair was selected such that when hybridized, the fluorescence of the Cy5.5-conjugated 25 mer MORF (Cy5.5–MORF25) is inhibited with a BHQ3-conjugated 18 mer complementary DNA (BHQ3–cDNA18). The short BHQ3–cDNA18 was selected to dissociate in the presence of a long cMORF25 in the pretargeted tumor, thus releasing the inhibitor from the Cy5.5 emitter. In this manner, the Cy5.5 fluorescence will be inhibited everywhere but in the target. The dissociation was first examined in vitro by adding the duplex to the cMORF25 both in solution and immobilized on polystyrene microspheres and by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Thereafter, biotinylated cMORF25 immobilized on streptavidin polystyrene microspheres were administered intramuscularly in one thigh of hairless SKH-1 mice as target while an identical weight of the identical microspheres but without the cMORF25 was administered in the contralateral thigh as control. The animals then received IV the Cy5.5–MORF25/BHQ3–cDNA18 duplex or equal molar dosage of single-chain Cy5.5–MORF25 and were imaged. Results The SPR studies showed that the immobilized cDNA18 rapidly captured the flowing MORF25 to provide a duplex with a slow dissociation rate constant. Furthermore, when cMORF25 was next allowed to flow over the now immobilized duplex, the cDNA18 was unable to prevent dissociation of the heteroduplex and the formation and release of the cMORF25-MORF25 homoduplex. Images of animals obtained soon after receiving the Cy5.5–MORF25 singlet showed intense whole body fluorescence obscuring the target thigh. However, only 5 minutes after receiving the Cy5.5–MORF25/BHQ3–cDNA18 duplex, the target thigh was clearly visible along with only the kidneys. Conclusions This first study of optical pretargeting provides a proof of concept that oligomer pretargeting found to be useful with radioactivity detection is applicable with fluorescent detection as well. In addition, our results demonstrate that by using linear oligomers for optical pretargeting, chain lengths (and base sequences) may be manipulated to provide duplexes with stabilities and fluorescence inhibition optimized for pretargeting and other in vivo applications of optical imaging.     

Effect of Renal Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Tiagabine

Summary: Purpose: We wished to determine the effect of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of the new antiepileptic drug tiagabine (TGB).
Methods: We assessed TGB pharmacokinetics and tolerability in 25 subjects with various degrees of renal function (based on creatinine clearance, n = 4–6 per group) from healthy (group I) to requiring hemodialysis (group V) in a single and multiple dose (every 12h), one-period (groups I-IV) or a single dose, two-period (group V) study (4-mg oral doses of TGB · HCl). Blood samples were collected after the first dose (both periods for group V) and after the last dose on day 5 (groups I-IV). TGB plasma concentrations and plasma protein binding were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultrafiltration, respectively.
Results: TGB was well tolerated by all study subjects. The pharmacokinetics of TGB were similar in all subjects; no pharmacokinetic parameter (based on either total or unbound concentrations) was statistically correlated with creatinine clearance. For total TGB in plasma, single-dose mean values of the maximum plasma concentration, clearance, and half-life (t1/2) ranged from 52 to 108 ng/ml, from 7.14 to 11.02 I/h, and from 6.4 to 8.4 h, respectively.
Conclusions: TGB pharmacokinetics and tolerability were independent of renal function; therefore, dosage adjustment is unnecessary for epilepsy patients with renal impairment.     

金属离子及氨基糖对大鼠肾脏N－乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶Ⅲ活性测定的影响

采用反相ＨＰＬＣ荧光测定法对大鼠肾脏Ｎ－乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶（ＧｎＴ）Ⅲ活性测定时二价金属离子及氨基糖的影响进行了研究。结果表明：ＧｎＴⅢ必须有二价金属离子激活，最佳激活离子为Ｍｎ￣（２＋）离子，其次为Ｍｇ￣（２＋）离子；二协金属离子对ＧｎＴⅢ的激活作用依次为Ｍｎ￣（２＋）＞Ｍｇ（２＋）＞Ｃｏ（２＋）＞Ｃａ￣（２＋）＞Ｎｉ￣（２＋）＞Ｂａ￣（２＋）＞Ｚｎ￣（２＋）。四种氨基糖（Ｎ－乙酰氨基葡萄糖ＧｌｃＮＡｃ，Ｎ－乙酰氨基半轧糖ＧａＩＮＡｃ，氨基葡萄糖ＧｌｃＮ，氨基半乳糖ＧａｌＮ），除ＧｌｃＮ使ＧｎＴ活性增加外，其余三种对ＧｎＴⅢ均有不同程度的抑制作用。