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991.
Appel K Rose T Fiebich B Kammler T Hoffmann C Weiss G 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2011,25(6):838-843
Passiflora incarnata L. (Passifloraceae) is important in herbal medicine for treating anxiety or nervousness, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), symptoms of opiate withdrawal, insomnia, neuralgia, convulsion, spasmodic asthma, ADHD, palpitations, cardiac rhythm abnormalities, hypertension, sexual dysfunction and menopause. However, the mechanism of action is still under discussion. Despite gaps in our understanding of neurophysiological processes, it is increasingly being recognized that dysfunction of the GABA system is implicated in many neuropsychiatric conditions, including anxiety and depressive disorders. Therefore, the in vitro effects of a dry extract of Passiflora incarnata (sole active ingredient in Pascoflair® 425 mg) on the GABA system were investigated. The extract inhibited [3H]‐GABA uptake into rat cortical synaptosomes but had no effect on GABA release and GABA transaminase activity. Passiflora incarnata inhibited concentration dependently the binding of [3H]‐ SR95531 to GABAA‐receptors and of [3H]‐CGP 54626 to GABAB‐receptors. Using the [35S]‐GTPγS binding assay Passiflora could be classified as an antagonist of the GABAB receptor. In contrast, the ethanol‐ and the benzodiazepine‐site of the GABAA‐receptor were not affected by this extract. In conclusion, the first evidence was shown that numerous pharmacological effects of Passiflora incarnata are mediated via modulation of the GABA system including affinity to GABAA and GABAB receptors, and effects on GABA uptake. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The purpose of the present randomized controlled clinical study was to compare the clinical outcomes of papilla preservation
flap surgery with or without the application of a novel nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nano-HA) bone graft substitute. Fourteen
patients with paired intrabony periodontal defects of ≥4 mm participated in this split-mouth design study. The defects in
each subject were randomly selected to receive nano-HA paste in conjunction with papilla preservation flaps or papilla preservation
flaps alone. Probing bone levels (PBL) from a customized acrylic stent and probing pocket depths (PPD) were measured at baseline
and again 6 months following surgery. No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between
the two groups. Healing was uneventful in all patients. Both treatments resulted in significant improvements between baseline
and 6 months (p < 0.05). At 6 months after therapy, the sites treated with nano-HA paste showed a reduction in mean PPD from 8.3 ± 1.2 to
4.0 ± 1.1 mm and a gain in PBL of 4.3 ± 1.4 mm, whereas in the control group, the mean PPD changed from 7.9 ± 1.2 mm to 5.0 ± 1.2 mm
and PBL gain was 2.6 ± 1.4 mm. Results demonstrated statistically greater PPD reduction and PBL gain (p < 0.05) in the test group as compared with the control group. In conclusion, after 6 months, the treatment of intrabony periodontal
defects with a nano-HA paste leads to significantly improved clinical outcomes when compared with papilla preservation flap
surgery alone. 相似文献
995.
Schmermund A Elsässer A Behl M Magedanz A Schmidt M Nowak B Voigtländer T 《The American journal of cardiology》2010,106(11):1574-1579
Coronary computerized tomographic angiography (CTA) has been used as a noninvasive method for ruling out high-grade stenoses. Even in the absence of such stenoses, analysis of coronary atherosclerosis may provide for important prognostic information, and this may be superior to exclusive coronary artery calcium scoring. We tested this hypothesis in patients undergoing CTA for clinical indications who had no stenoses requiring revascularization. From December 2004 to December 2006, 706 consecutive patients who underwent CTA but had no high-grade stenoses were included (58% men, mean age 59 ± 11 years). CTA and coronary artery calcium scoring (Agatston method) were performed using a 64-slice CT scanner with a gantry rotation time of 330 ms. CT angiograms were categorized as completely normal (group 1), showing minor plaque (group 2), or showing intermediate stenoses (group 3). Follow-up information was obtained in 670 patients (95%) over a mean of 3.2 years. There were 31 major adverse events (5%), namely 9 deaths (all noncoronary), 2 myocardial infarctions, 5 strokes, 13 coronary revascularization procedures (percutaneous or surgical > 6 months after CTA), and 2 peripheral percutaneous interventions. Coronary status as defined by CTA was predictive of major events after adjustment for age and gender. In group 1, the probability of event-free survival at 3 years was 100%; in group 2, it was 96%; and in group 3, it was 91%. Compared to group 1, the risk in group 2 was increased 2.3-fold, and in group 3, it was increased 5.6-fold after adjusting for age and gender. However, after addition of the coronary artery calcium score to the regression analysis, CT angiographic status no longer appeared to be predictive. In conclusion, the risk of a major adverse cardiovascular event or death increased in a graded manner with degree of coronary atherosclerosis as defined by CTA even in the absence of high-grade coronary stenoses. However, in the absence of high-grade stenoses, we were unable to demonstrate a superior prognostic value of CTA compared to coronary artery calcium. 相似文献
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Everaerts W Zhen X Ghosh D Vriens J Gevaert T Gilbert JP Hayward NJ McNamara CR Xue F Moran MM Strassmaier T Uykal E Owsianik G Vennekens R De Ridder D Nilius B Fanger CM Voets T 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2010,107(44):19084-19089
Reduced functional bladder capacity and concomitant increased micturition frequency (pollakisuria) are common lower urinary tract symptoms associated with conditions such as cystitis, prostatic hyperplasia, neurological disease, and overactive bladder syndrome. These symptoms can profoundly affect the quality of life of afflicted individuals, but available pharmacological treatments are often unsatisfactory. Recent work has demonstrated that the cation channel TRPV4 is highly expressed in urothelial cells and plays a role in sensing the normal filling state of the bladder. In this article, we show that the development of cystitis-induced bladder dysfunction is strongly impaired in Trpv4(-/-) mice. Moreover, we describe HC-067047, a previously uncharacterized, potent, and selective TRPV4 antagonist that increases functional bladder capacity and reduces micturition frequency in WT mice and rats with cystitis. HC-067047 did not affect bladder function in Trpv4(-/-) mice, demonstrating that its in vivo effects are on target. These results indicate that TRPV4 antagonists may provide a promising means of treating bladder dysfunction. 相似文献
999.
Fanny Lemée Valérie Bergoglio Anne Fernandez-Vidal Alice Machado-Silva Marie-Jeanne Pillaire Anne Bieth Catherine Gentil Lee Baker Anne-Laure Martin Claire Leduc Elena Lam Eddy Magdeleine Thomas Filleron Na?ma Oumouhou Bernd Kaina Mineaki Seki Fanny Grimal Magali Lacroix-Triki Alastair Thompson Henri Roché Jean-Christophe Bourdon Richard D. Wood Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann Christophe Cazaux 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2010,107(30):13390-13395
“Replicative stress” is one of the main factors underlying neoplasia from its early stages. Genes involved in DNA synthesis may therefore represent an underexplored source of potential prognostic markers for cancer. To this aim, we generated gene expression profiles from two independent cohorts (France, n = 206; United Kingdom, n = 117) of patients with previously untreated primary breast cancers. We report here that among the 13 human nuclear DNA polymerase genes, DNA Polymerase θ (POLQ) is the only one significantly up-regulated in breast cancer compared with normal breast tissues. Importantly, POLQ up-regulation significantly correlates with poor clinical outcome (4.3-fold increased risk of death in patients with high POLQ expression), and this correlation is independent of Cyclin E expression or the number of positive nodes, which are currently considered as markers for poor outcome. POLQ expression provides thus an additional indicator for the survival outcome of patients with high Cyclin E tumor expression or high number of positive lymph nodes. Furthermore, to decipher the molecular consequences of POLQ up-regulation in breast cancer, we generated human MRC5-SV cell lines that stably overexpress POLQ. Strong POLQ expression was directly associated with defective DNA replication fork progression and chromosomal damage. Therefore, POLQ overexpression may be a promising genetic instability and prognostic marker for breast cancer. 相似文献
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