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排序方式: 共有4872条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Pamina M. Gorbach Barbara S. Mensch Marla Husnik Astou Coly Benoit Mâsse Bonus Makanani Chiwawa Nkhoma Lameck Chinula Tchangani Tembo Stan Mierzwa Kimberly Reynolds Stacey Hurst Anne Coletti Andrew Forsyth 《AIDS and behavior》2013,17(2):790-800
In a microbicide safety and effectiveness trial (HPTN 035) in Malawi, 585 women completed the same questionnaire through a face-to-face interview (FTFI) and an audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI). Concordance between FTFI and ACASI responses ranged from 72.0 % for frequency of sex in the past week to 95.2 % for anal intercourse (AI) in the past 3 months. Reported gel and condom use at last sex act were marginally lower with ACASI than FTFI (73.5 % vs. 77.2 %, p = 0.11 and 60.9 % vs. 65.5 %, p = 0.05, respectively). More women reported AI with ACASI than FTFI (5.0 % vs. 0.2 %, p < 0.001). Analyses of consistency of responses within ACASI revealed that 15.0 % of participants in the condom-only arm and 28.7 % in the gel arm provided at least one discrepant answer regarding total sex acts and sex acts where condom and gel were used (19.2 % reported one inconsistent answer, 8.1 % reported two inconsistent answers, and 1.4 % reported three inconsistent answers). While ACASI may provide more accurate assessments of sensitive behaviors in HIV prevention trials, it also results in a high level of internally inconsistent responses. 相似文献
62.
Benoit D Decruyenaere J Depuydt P Colpaert K 《Lancet》2004,363(9403):170; author reply 170-170; author reply 171
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64.
Stigma is a widely used concept in social science research and an extensive literature claims that stigmatisation contributes to numerous negative health outcomes. However, few studies compare groups that vary in the extent to which they are stigmatised and even fewer studies examine stigma's independent and mediating effects. This article addresses these gaps in a comparative study of perceived stigma and drug use among three low‐income feminised service occupations: sex work, food and alcoholic beverage serving, and barbering and hairstyling. An analysis of longitudinal data shows positive associations between sex work, perceived stigma, and socially less acceptable drug use (for example, heroin and cocaine), and that stigma mediates part of the link between sex work and the use of these drugs. Our overall findings suggest that perceived stigma is pronounced among those who work in the sex industry and negatively affects health independently of sex work involvement. 相似文献
65.
Romain Jouffroy Anastasia Saade Alexandre Muret Pascal Philippe Maud Michaloux Pierre Carli Benoit Vivien 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2018,36(10):1754-1758
Background
Septic shock is associated with hypovolemia resulting in organs failure and poor prognosis. The first step in hemodynamic resuscitation relies on early fluid expansion. In this study, we describe qualitative and quantitative fluid resuscitation of septic shock initially managed in a pre-hospital setting by a mobile intensive care unit.Methods
Patients with septic shock who received pre-hospital medical care were retrospectively analysed. Qualitative and quantitative fluid resuscitation performed in the pre-hospital setting were analysed. Applying the "grey zone" concept, we define 3 categories of fluid expansion indexed on ideal body weight (IBW): >20ml/kg, 10-20ml/kg and ?<?10ml/kg. The relationship between the pre-specified categories and mortality at day 28 were analyzed.Results
Ninety-five patients were included. The origin of sepsis was mainly pulmonary (68%). Mortality reached 34%. Pre-hospital fluid expansion was performed using serum saline (98%) with a mean of 1158±559ml. An inversed linear relationship between pre-specified categories and mortality was observed. Using logistic regression model, significant association with mortality remained for fluid expansion indexed on IBW: p=0.02, ORa [CI95] = 0.93 [0.89-0.98]. For fluid expansion indexed on IBW?<?10ml/kg, the OR [CI95] was 4.03 [1.78-9.41] (p=0.005) whereas for fluid expansion indexed on IBW?>?20ml/kg, the OR [CI95] was 0.30 [0.13-0.66] (p=0.01).Discussion
Pre-hospital fluid resuscitation in septic shock is mainly performed using crystalloids with quantitative fluid expansion lower than recommended. Low pre-hospital fluid expansion was associated with increased mortality. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the impact of optimized early fluid expansion on mortality in the prehospital management of septic shock. 相似文献66.
67.
Sandie Ménard Tanila Ben Haddou Arba Pramundita Ramadani Frédéric Ariey Xavier Iriart Johann Beghain Christiane Bouchier Benoit Witkowski Antoine Berry Odile Mercereau-Puijalon Fran?oise Benoit-Vical 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(10):1733-1741
Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin derivatives in Southeast Asia threatens global malaria control strategies. Whether delayed parasite clearance, which exposes larger parasite numbers to artemisinins for longer times, selects higher-grade resistance remains unexplored. We investigated whether long-lasting artemisinin pressure selects a novel multidrug-tolerance profile. Although 50% inhibitory concentrations for 10 antimalarial drugs tested were unchanged, drug-tolerant parasites showed higher recrudescence rates for endoperoxides, quinolones, and an antifolate, including partner drugs of recommended combination therapies, but remained susceptible to atovaquone. Moreover, the age range of intraerythrocytic stages able to resist artemisinin was extended to older ring forms and trophozoites. Multidrug tolerance results from drug-induced quiescence, which enables parasites to survive exposure to unrelated antimalarial drugs that inhibit a variety of metabolic pathways. This novel resistance pattern should be urgently monitored in the field because this pattern is not detected by current assays and represents a major threat to antimalarial drug policy. 相似文献
68.
D'Haene N Catteau X Maris C Martin B Salmon I Decaestecker C 《British journal of haematology》2008,140(4):402-410
Recently, considerable attention has been focused on the identification of clinically relevant prognostic markers for primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL). The present study investigated whether three morphological features, i.e. necrosis, reactive perivascular T-cell infiltrate and endothelial hyperplasia, and galectin-1 and galectin-3 immunohistochemical expression have prognostic roles in a series of 58 PCNSL samples from 44 immunocompetent and 14 immunocompromised patients. The presence of endothelial hyperplasia (identified in 21% of the assessable cases) was identified as a bad prognostic factor for immunocompetent PCNSL patients, whereas the other morphological features were not associated with any prognostic value. Lymphomatous cells of eight PCNSL cases expressed galectin-3 without any prognostic value, and lymphomatous cells did not express galectin-1. In contrast, endothelial expression of galectin-3 was identified (by means of uni- and multi-variate analyses) as a bad prognostic factor for immunocompetent PCNSL patients. In addition, a combination of endothelial hyperplasia and/or endothelial galectin-3 expression was shown to be an independent prognostic factor for immunocompetent PCNSL patients treated with methotrexate-based chemotherapy. In summary, this study suggests that endothelial-related markers can identify risk groups of PCNSL patients and indicates that galectin-3 could be involved in PCNSL angiogenesis. 相似文献
69.
70.
Vivian Delcourt Patrice Garcia Benjamin Chabot Benoit Loup Pierre Remy Marie‐Agns Popot Ludovic Bailly‐Chouriberry 《Drug testing and analysis》2020,12(6):763-770
Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) belongs to the therapeutic class of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) due to its implication in the creation pathway of red blood cells and thus enhancement of oxygenation. Because of this bioactivity, rHuEPO has been considered as a major doping agent in sports competitions for decades. Over the years, doping control laboratories designed several analytical strategies applied to human and animal samples to highlight any misuse. Even though multiple analytical approaches have been reported, none has yet been dedicated to racing camels. Here, we describe an analytical strategy to test camel plasma samples at screening using an ELISA assay and a targeted nano‐liquid chromatography–high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry for confirmatory analysis. The method was validated and has been successfully applied to post‐race samples, allowing the detection of a positive case of rHuEPO administration. 相似文献