卵巢外腹膜浆液性乳头状癌5例临床及病理学分析

目的 探讨卵巢外腹膜浆液性乳头状癌（EPSPC）的临床及病理学特点。方法 对1990年1月～2004年12月经我院治疗的5例卵巢外腹膜浆液性乳头状癌的临床资料进行回顾性分析，运用组织病理学、免疫组化染色进行观察。结果 患者平均发病年龄60.4岁，1例双侧卵巢及输卵管基本正常，4例卵巢间质无肿瘤恶性浸润或仅累及卵巢表面上皮。5例均有腹膜的广泛病变.肿瘤组织病理形态与卵巢浆液性乳头状腺癌相似。组化及免疫组化染色PAS、CA125、CEA均阳性。结论 卵巢外腹膜浆液性乳头状癌是来源于第二苗勒系统的恶性肿瘤,组织病理形态与卵巢浆液性乳头状腺癌相似，诊断卵巢外腹膜浆液性乳头状癌时必须双侧卵巢、输卵管无同类型肿瘤。组化及免疫组化检测有助于与腹膜恶性间皮瘤的鉴别。预后较卵巢浆液性乳头状腺癌差。对患者行肿瘤细胞减灭术及PAC化疗方案可改善预后。     

儿童颅骨生长性骨折

目的 探讨儿童颅骨生长性骨折(Growing skull fractwre，GSF)的发病机制、诊治方法。方法 对我院1992年1月2002年4月10年间收治的6例GSF患儿的临床资料进行回顾行分析。结果 6例均有明确颅脑损伤病史，平均发病年龄2．99岁，头部包块、颅骨缺损及神经功能障碍等症状常见，颅骨平片见以骨折线为长轴的梭形颅骨缺损，CT检查显示包块为蛛网膜囊肿或脑膨出，术中见硬脑膜缺损大于颅骨缺损；Goldstein分型：Ⅰ型2例，Ⅱ型2例，Ⅲ型2例；GOS5分者3例(2例Ⅰ型和1例Ⅱ型)，4分者2例(Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型各1例)，3分者1例(Ⅲ型)。结论 ①颅骨骨折致硬脑膜破损为GSF发病的病理基础，婴幼儿期颅脑发育、外伤后局部颅内压力增高、骨折缘缺血为发病的重要因素；②GSF患儿颅骨缺损范围与病程不呈正相关，颅脑CT在GSF的诊断方面优于颅骨平片；③GSF一经确诊即应手术治疗，扩大开颅术能显露硬脑膜残缘，严密修补硬脑膜是手术成功的关键，Medepor材料适用于GSF患儿。Goldstein分型对指导预后有一定意义。     

糖筛查试验异常对母儿预后的影响

目的:探讨妊娠期糖筛查异常对母儿预后的影响.方法:对550例有糖尿病高危因素的孕妇口服50 g糖筛查试验,对异常者分为治疗组及未治疗组.结果:治疗组巨大儿、新生儿窒息率明显低于未治疗组,未治疗组孕妇妊高征、剖宫产率均高于治疗组.结论:对糖筛查试验异常的孕妇进行治疗及管理可改善母儿预后.     

大豆与豆豉中游离氨基酸总量测定

目的: 探讨大豆和经过发酵后的豆豉游离氨基酸总量的变化.方法: 采用氨基酸的游离氨基与水合茚三酮产生显色反应,在一定范围内,其颜色的深浅与氨基酸的含量成正比.结果: 波长570 nm处含氮量在0～5 μg吸收度值与含氮量值线性关系良好,r＝0.999 9(n＝5),且豆豉中游离氨基酸总量与大豆中游离氨基酸总量存在显著性差异.结论: 大豆在经过发酵后游离氨基酸总量产生明显变化,更易被人体所吸收,其营养价值更高.     

儿童肾上腺脑白质营养不良11例

目的探讨儿童肾上腺脑白质营养不良(ALD)的临床特点、影像学特点及治疗。方法回顾总结11例儿童ALD临床及影像学资料,结合文献进行分析。结果患者均为男性,起病年龄5~12岁,临床表现均有不同程度智力下降、视力减退、四肢活动障碍、构音困难、语言减少,部分患者有抽搐、听力下降、色素沉着。1例患儿血浆极长链脂肪酸(VLCFA)异常增高。影像学特点:1.蝶形病灶,在双侧三角区周围呈现对称的、大片状、局限于脑白质的蝶形病灶。2.花边样强化条带将蝶形病灶分隔成较大片中央和外周区,两个区域的信号强度与密度不同。3.整个胼胝体压部信号异常。4.MRI优于CT能显示视觉、听觉传导通路上病灶。内科治疗无效。结论ALD临床特点为智力下降、视力减退、四肢活动障碍、语言障碍为主。CT、MRI有特征性改变。VLCFA检测是诊断本病的特异方法。骨髓移植、基因治疗是治疗本病的方法。     

ELEKTA Precise 医用直线加速器波导隔离器维修

本文介绍了波导隔离器在加速器微波系统中的作用、特点,以及Precise加速器上波导隔离器散热水套渗水的处理方法.     

超声波作用下NaBH4/ZrCl4还原9(E)-红霉素肟制备9(S)-红霉胺

9(S)-红霉胺是合成地红霉素和CP-544372的中间体，此化合物可在超声波的作用下利用NaBH4／ZrCl4于室温下还原9(E)-红霉素肟制得，收率为69％，其结构经IR、NMR和MS确证。该方法是制备9(S)-红霉胺的方便、有效的途径。     

Individual and joint effects of borderline ankle-brachial index and high plasma total homocysteine on all-cause death in hypertensive adults

BACKGROUNDThe cardiovascular hazards of total homocysteine (tHcy) are long known. In addition, despite the acknowledgment on the importance of low ankle-brachial index (ABI) (< 0.9), borderline ABI (0.91-0.99) was once commonly overlooked. This study aims to explore the independent and joint effect of tHcy level and borderline ABI on all-cause death in hypertensive population.METHODSThis study included 10,538 participants from China H-type Hypertension Registry Study. ABI was described into two groups: normal ABI (1.00-1.40) and borderline ABI. tHcy level was also divided into two groups: < 15.02 and ≥ 15.02 μmo/L. Four groups were analyzed, using COX proportional hazard regression model, separately and pairwise to observe the independent and joint effect on all-cause death.RESULTSA total of 126 (1.2%) deaths were observed in the 1.7 years follow-up time. Borderline ABI has a higher predicted risk of death than normal ABI (HR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.17-3.00) after adjusting for potential covariates. Compare with tHcy level < 15.02 μmo/L (low tHcy), those with tHcy ≥ 15.02 μmo/L (high tHcy) had higher risk to event outcome (HR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.30-3.05). According to the cumulative hazard curve, group with borderline ABI and high tHcy level has significantly higher altitude and larger increasing rate over follow-up period compare to other groups. Among those with borderline ABI, participants with high tHcy had higher death risk than those with low tHcy, nevertheless, no significant different between borderline and normal ABI among those with low tHcy levels.CONCLUSIONSBorderline ABI and tHcy level both have independent predictive value on all-cause death. The combined group of borderline ABI and high tHcy has highest risk factor of outcomes, which suggested the mutual additive value of borderline ABI and tHcy. More attention should be given to the importance of borderline ABI in hypertensive population, especially with elevated tHcy level.

Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulfur-containing, non-proteinogenic amino acid synthesized through the transmethylation of amino acid methionine from one-carbon metabolism. Elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) level is associated with endothelial dysfunction, increased blood coagulation, and metabolic disturbance, promoting cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and coronary artery disease.^[1,2] Notably, patients with high Hcy levels and concomitant hypertension were suggested to be at particularly higher risk.^[3] Moreover, increasing studies have explored a positive association between advanced Hcy level with all-cause mortality. According to a recent dose-response meta-analysis, for each 5-μmol/L increment of tHcy levels, the risk for all-cause mortality increased by 33.6%.^[4]The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is an effective, well-established measure that is commonly used in the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD),^[5] meanwhile was well studied as an important indicator of atherosclerosis and CVD events.^[6] Although ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤ 0.90 has been recognized as the threshold value for abnormal/low ABI, which was proven to increase the risk of all-cause mortality,^[7] a study from the American Heart Association has suggested ABI between 0.91 and 1.00 should be considered as “borderline area” in terms of cardiovascular risks,^[8] considering of prior probability and sensitivity of ABI calculation. Emerging studies have aimed to explore the predictive value of borderline ABI,^[9-11] however, controversy remains because of limited and inconsistent data. The current study aimed to explore the individual and joint effect of borderline ABI and tHcy on all-cause mortality among hypertensive adults. Although ABI level ≤ 0.90 has been and is going to remain significant in clinical practice, we believe broader concern should be placed on borderline ABI, especially for its value in risk differentiation and identification. To the best of our knowledge, there are no similar previous studies.     

白介素-13与哮喘、呼吸道合胞病毒感染后喘息的相关性

白介素-13(IL-13)是一种主要由活化的2型辅助T细胞分泌的多效能细胞因子,可刺激B细胞的增殖和IgE的合成,后者通过与肥大细胞、嗜碱性细胞的作用而诱发支气管哮喘(哮喘)的急性发作.而呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)在婴幼儿的感染亦可有喘息出现,部分最终演变为哮喘.该文在IL-13和哮喘及RSV感染后喘息之间寻找其相关性,以探讨IL-13基因突变对哮喘及RSV感染后的喘息影响.     

伊曲康唑治疗着色芽生菌病后出现暂时性增生性皮疹一例

患者,男,67岁。鼻部增生性斑块4个月,有外伤史。实验室检查：组织病理可见真菌孢子,真菌镜检可见硬壳小体,真菌培养与菌种鉴定为卡氏枝孢瓶霉。予伊曲康唑、热敷治疗,患者治疗第1个月后原皮损部位出现的增生性皮疹,继续原治疗方案3个月,增生性皮疹萎缩,基本痊愈。出现增生性皮疹的原因猜测为伊曲康唑治疗后,皮损部位的真菌细胞膜功能受损,大量异种蛋白被机体识别,加重了局部的炎症反应,具体原因还需要进一步研究。