全文获取类型
收费全文 | 13904篇 |
免费 | 1177篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 338篇 |
儿科学 | 546篇 |
妇产科学 | 268篇 |
基础医学 | 2026篇 |
口腔科学 | 187篇 |
临床医学 | 1625篇 |
内科学 | 3010篇 |
皮肤病学 | 244篇 |
神经病学 | 1513篇 |
特种医学 | 477篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 1641篇 |
综合类 | 239篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 12篇 |
预防医学 | 970篇 |
眼科学 | 280篇 |
药学 | 800篇 |
中国医学 | 38篇 |
肿瘤学 | 883篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 88篇 |
2021年 | 192篇 |
2020年 | 135篇 |
2019年 | 192篇 |
2018年 | 203篇 |
2017年 | 152篇 |
2016年 | 212篇 |
2015年 | 221篇 |
2014年 | 325篇 |
2013年 | 529篇 |
2012年 | 676篇 |
2011年 | 748篇 |
2010年 | 461篇 |
2009年 | 365篇 |
2008年 | 680篇 |
2007年 | 700篇 |
2006年 | 688篇 |
2005年 | 794篇 |
2004年 | 652篇 |
2003年 | 627篇 |
2002年 | 574篇 |
2001年 | 327篇 |
2000年 | 318篇 |
1999年 | 277篇 |
1998年 | 195篇 |
1997年 | 157篇 |
1996年 | 140篇 |
1995年 | 125篇 |
1994年 | 128篇 |
1993年 | 122篇 |
1992年 | 183篇 |
1991年 | 190篇 |
1990年 | 195篇 |
1989年 | 175篇 |
1988年 | 159篇 |
1987年 | 162篇 |
1986年 | 157篇 |
1985年 | 127篇 |
1984年 | 124篇 |
1983年 | 135篇 |
1982年 | 136篇 |
1981年 | 153篇 |
1980年 | 138篇 |
1979年 | 142篇 |
1978年 | 114篇 |
1977年 | 126篇 |
1976年 | 111篇 |
1975年 | 85篇 |
1974年 | 131篇 |
1973年 | 96篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Eight male habitual smokers smoked two cigarettes over a 20-min period following a 12-h period of abstinence. Antecubital venipuncture was performed immediately before, immediately after, and 55 min and 2 h after smoking had ceased. At these times, the mean values (+/- SD) of collagen-induced platelet aggregation were 45 +/- 5, 68 +/- 5, 59 +/- 6 and 52 +/- 5 chart units, respectively, while the corresponding values for the mean platelet aggregate ratio were 0.91 +/- 0.01, 0.82 +/- 0.03, 0.87 +/- 0.02 and 0.90 +/- 0.02, respectively. Mean collagen-induced platelet aggregation was significantly (P less than 0.005) higher immediately after, and 55 min and 2 h after smoking. The mean platelet aggregate ratio was significantly (P less than 0.001) lower immediately after and 55 min after smoking. Correlation coefficients between the concentration of nicotine in each of the 24 plasma samples obtained after smoking and the corresponding values of collagen-induced platelet aggregation and the platelet aggregate ratio were 0.41 (P less than 0.05) and -0.50 (P less than 0.02), respectively. It is concluded that when habitual smokers abstain from smoking overnight, a 20-min period of cigarette smoking may enhance platelet aggregability for as long as 2 h. 相似文献
42.
Arnold J. Voth 《Canadian Medical Association journal》1992,146(9):1530-1531
43.
Arnold J. Levine 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》1994,56(6):775-776
Linxian, China has some of the highest rates of esophageal/gastric cardia cancer in the world. In 1983, esophageal balloon cytology screening was performed in 3 communes in northern Linxian. Of the participants, 10,066 with no evidence of cancer were followed prospectively for 71/2 years to evaluate the ability of the initial cytologc diagnoses to identify individuals at increased risk for developing cancer of the esophagus or gastric cardia. A total of 747 incident cases of esophageal or cardia cancer and 322 deaths due to these tumors were identified during the follow-up period and used in this analysis. The risks for esophageal or cardia cancer incidence and mortality increased in parallel with the presumed severity of the 1983 Chinese cytologic diagnoses. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, relative risks for esophageal or cardia cancer incidence, by initial cytologic diagnosis, were normal = 1.00 (reference), hyperplasia = 1.25, dysplasia 1 = 2.20, dysplasia 2 = 4.22 and near-cancer = 5.96. Our results suggest that esophageal balloon cytology, as performed and interpreted in Linxian in 1983, successfully identified individuals at increased risk for developing cancer of the esophagus or gastric cardia. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
44.
R K Lamb S A Qureshi J L Wilkinson R Arnold C R West D I Hamilton 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》1988,96(3):368-375
Between 1968 and 1985, 80 children underwent correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. There were 47 boys and 33 girls whose ages ranged from 3 days to 16 years (median 2 months, interquartile range 5 years). Seventy (87.5%) were less than 1 year of age at operation. Fifty-eight (72.5%) weighed less than 5 kg, the range being 1.6 to 42 kg (median 3.7 kg, interquartile range 2.4 kg). Forty-five (56%) patients had supracardiac, 14 (17.5%) cardiac, 15 (19%) infracardiac, and 6 (7.5%) had mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage. Follow-up was complete in 78 (97.5%) and ranged from 6 to 189 months (median 58 months, interquartile range 59 months). There were 14 (17.5%) early and six (7.5%) late deaths. Analysis by various factors revealed year of operation as the only factor to affect survival at the 5% level of significance. Early mortality was 29% between 1968-1977 and 11% between 1978-1985 (p = 0.04). Postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction occurred in five (6%) patients between 6 weeks and 3 months after operation. All 5 died, three after reoperation. Five (6%) other children had reoperations, four for residual shunts and one for superior vena caval obstruction. 相似文献
45.
Kari T Kivist? Olaf Grisk Ute Hofmann Konrad Meissner Klaus-Uwe M?ritz Christoph Ritter Katja A Arnold Dieter Lutj?ohann Klaus von Bergmann Ingrid Kl?ting Michel Eichelbaum Heyo K Kroemer 《Drug metabolism and disposition》2005,33(11):1593-1596
The aim of this study was to characterize the role of the efflux transporter Mrp2 (Abcc2) in the pharmacokinetics of orally and intravenously administered pravastatin in rats. Eight Mrp2-deficient TR- rats and eight wild-type rats were given an oral dose of 20 mg/kg pravastatin. Four TR- animals and four wild-type animals were studied after intravenous administration of pravastatin (5 mg/kg). The TR(-) rats showed a 6.1-fold higher mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of pravastatin (p < 0.001) after oral administration and a 4.7-fold higher AUC (p < 0.01) after intravenous administration of pravastatin as compared with the wild-type animals. The mean systemic (total) clearance of pravastatin was 4.6-fold higher (39.2 versus 8.50 l/h/kg, p < 0.001) and the mean V 4.3-fold higher (14.1 versus 3.29 l/kg, p < 0.01) in the wild-type rats. The mean renal clearance of pravastatin in the TR(-) rats was 16.5-fold increased as compared with the wild-type animals (0.695 versus 0.042 l/h/kg, p < 0.05). The increased systemic exposure to oral pravastatin in the TR- rats was associated with a greater inhibitory effect on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, as shown by smaller lathosterol to cholesterol concentration ratios. These results suggest that the reduced biliary pravastatin excretion in the Mrp2-deficient TR- rats is partly compensated for by increased urinary excretion of pravastatin. Furthermore, intestinal Mrp2 does not appear to play a major role in the oral absorption of pravastatin in normal rats. 相似文献
46.
In spite of a reduced rate of new occurrence, gastric cancer is still one of the most common causes of cancer related mortality. Crucial to the value of systemic therapy are the 50% of patients who already have metastasizing or locally advanced stages at first diagnosis which are not surgically curable. In comparison to merely supportive therapy, controlled studies have shown the unmistakable value of chemotherapy. Recently, cisplatin and infused 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) based combination treatments have become the therapeutic standard. The internationally best studied scheme is the “ECF” combination. The taxane and irinotecan group has limited value as monotherapy and is used in combination studies, as are oral fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin, with other substances. With the introduction of numerous, new, effective cytostatics, a whole series of combinations are being tested. The main aims of these studies are, on the one hand, lowered toxicity or ease of use with equivalent effectiveness, and on the other hand, higher effectiveness without significantly increased toxicity. 相似文献
47.
48.
W Arnold G Schliebe 《Zeitschrift für die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete》1992,47(1):15-20
35 patients have been examined before the implantation of a total hip replacement, about 7 days postoperatively and again after 12 weeks by means of the electro-ichnograph EKIG-3 of the Riga Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Before the hip-joint substitution the normal values could not approximately be attained. The step duration has postoperatively increased, and it has decreased to pre-operative values by the time of the follow-up examination. The best results were obtained concerning the change of the trunk deviation in the frontal plane. The hip mobility measured passively was remarkably better after the operation and almost reached normal values. Regarding the results it should above all be taken into consideration, that the most important fact for the patient is the alleviation and elimination of pain, respectively. 相似文献
49.
H M Lazarus L T Goodnough E Goldwasser G Long J L Arnold K P Strohl 《Bone marrow transplantation》1992,10(1):71-75
To determine the potential impact of recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) therapy in patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and colony-stimulating factor therapy, we assayed endogenous serum EPO levels and noted blood transfusion requirements in relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients treated with high-dose chemo-radiation therapy and autologous BMT. Hematocrit and reticulocyte counts were determined daily, and hematocrit was maintained in the 25-30% range by transfusion according to criteria established by our hospital transfusion committee. EPO levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and were determined at baseline, throughout therapy, and 2 and 3 months after BMT. Serum EPO levels increased more than 25-fold above baseline in most subjects after initiating chemoradiation therapy. No correlation was noted between serum EPO and hematocrit, reticulocyte count or serum creatinine. Total red blood cell units transfused ranged from 4 to 15 (mean 7.7). Mean total donor exposures (red blood cell plus platelet units transfused) were 83.6 units (range 16-175). Serum EPO levels increased early in the course of preparation for autologous BMT and remained elevated for at least 2-3 weeks thereafter although at a lower level. Red blood cell transfusions were required despite very high EPO levels after BMT. Red cell transfusions, moreover, accounted for only 9.2% (69 of 746) of total donor exposures and only 5.8% (42 of 746) of donor exposures during the interval when pharmacologic doses of erythropoietin might be of benefit. In contrast to the potential benefit of colony-stimulating factors such as G-CSF and GM-CSF in BMT, our study suggests limited value for erythropoietin therapy in this setting. 相似文献
50.
M Knobloch G Sch?nrich J Schenkel M Malissen B Malissen A M Schmitt-Verhulst G J H?mmerling B Arnold 《International immunology》1992,4(10):1169-1174
Activation of mature lymphocytes requires in addition to the TCR contact with the corresponding antigen the binding of the CD8 or CD4 co-receptors to MHC class I or class II proteins respectively. To investigate the contribution of the CD8-class I interaction to the elimination of autoreactive T cells during negative selection in the thymus we generated two types of transgenic mice. One set expressed a modified Kb molecule which contained a human HLA-A2 alpha 3 domain, thereby missing the binding residues for the murine CD8 molecules. The second set of mice expressed an anti-Kb specific TCR. Both lines were crossed and in the resulting double transgenic mice the development of Kb-reactive T cells was followed with an anti-clonotypic antibody. Surprisingly, efficient clonal deletion in the thymus was still observed, although the reduced CD8-class I adhesion abrogated effector functions in vivo and in vitro. These results imply that even T cells with intermediate affinity for self are negatively selected in the thymus despite the fact that they are not able to react against self antigens in the periphery. Thus a safety window is created which decreases the risk of autoaggression. 相似文献