抗程序化细胞死亡基因5抗体与类风湿关节炎相关性研究

目的 探讨抗程序化细胞死亡基因5（PDCD5）抗体在类风湿关节炎（RA）中的意义.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对55例RA 患者和44例健康对照者（NC）外周血清中抗PDCD5抗体的水平进行检测,并与RA患者相关临床资料、实验室指标及影像学资料进行统计学分析.结果 55例RA患者和44例NC外周血清中抗PDCD5抗体的水平分别为（18.06±4.70）μg/L,（13.62±4.35）μg/L,阳性率分别为18.2%（10/55）,4.5%（2/44）,二者在抗体水平和阳性率上差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.抗PDCD5抗体阳性组Sharp评分,类风湿因子（RF）和抗环瓜氨酸肽（CCP）抗体水平明显高于抗PDCD5抗体阴性组,抗PDCD5抗体与抗CCP抗体呈正相关（r=0.374,P=0.01,2-tailed）.结论 抗PDCD5抗体与RA密切相关,且抗体阳性患者易出现骨侵蚀,有望成为诊断早期RA的实验室指标之一.     

子宫颈腺癌石蜡包埋组织中人类乳头状瘤病毒型别分布及其与患者年龄的关系

 【摘要】　目的　探讨子宫颈腺癌中人类乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）的分布情况及HPV感染与患者年龄的关系。方法　采用描述流行病学研究设计,纳入32例来自一项多中心临床研究的经病理确诊的子宫颈腺癌患者的标本。采用三明治技术进行石蜡包埋组织的切片,SPF10-PCR技术进行DNA扩增,使用反向杂交线型探针检测技术（LiPA）进行HPV分型;对所有切片进行病理阅片和诊断,分析确诊为子宫颈腺癌标本的HPV分布情况,并行统计学分析。结果　32例腺癌患者中,HPV阳性率为53.1 %（17／32）。HPV-18为最主要HPV型别,占HPV阳性患者的47.4 %（8／17）,其次为HPV-16,占HPV阳性患者的26.3 %（5／17）。检测到的其他型别为HPV-39、HPV-45和HPV-66;多重感染者1例（HPV-18和HPV-66）。HPV-16与HPV-18相比,其阳性的腺癌患者平均年龄分别为48.6和40.6岁,差异有统计学意义（P＝0.048）。采用<50岁以及≥50岁作为年龄分组,HPV任意型别阳性率在两个年龄组中的差异无统计学意义（P＝0.074）。HPV-18在两个年龄组的腺癌患者和HPV阳性腺癌患者中的分布均差异有统计学意义（P＝0.003、P＝0.029）。HPV-16在两个年龄组腺癌患者中和在HPV阳性的腺癌患者中的分布差异无统计学意义（P＝1、P＝0.6）。HPV-16和（或）HPV-18感染在两个年龄组HPV阳性腺癌患者中的阳性率差异无统计学意义（P＝0.052）,但在全部腺癌患者两个年龄组中阳性率差异有统计学意义（P＝0.005）。结论　HPV-18和HPV-16是子宫颈腺癌中最主要分布的两种HPV型别。HPV阳性尤其HPV-18阳性在年轻的腺癌患者中更为常见。HPV-16阳性较HPV-18阳性在年龄较大的妇女中更为常见。     

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目的    了解高海拔地区藏族牧民口腔健康情况,探讨口腔疾病发病情况和规律,为采取防治措施和改善口腔医疗服务提供依据。方法    2008年10月选择西藏羊易村成年人为调查对象,共439人接受调查,其中男206人,女233人。按照年龄分为：18～24岁组（120人）、>24～34岁组（108人）、>34～44岁组（96人）、>44岁组（115人）;每个年龄组内按性别再分组。以世界卫生组织1997年口腔健康调查基本方法为标准,调查成年牧民龋齿、牙周疾病、第三磨牙萌出及口腔其他疾病患病情况,并对结果进行分析。结果    羊易村成人龋患率、龋均、平均缺牙数分别为74.94%、5.74、3.57。18～24岁和>24～34岁组女性龋均显著高于男性,且差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。各年龄组内男女间人均缺牙数、龋患率、有28颗牙人数、牙结石检出率、牙周炎发生率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;而从总体统计,女性缺牙数、龋患率、牙周炎发生率高于男性（P < 0.05）,有28颗牙人数低于男性（P < 0.05）,男性>24～34岁组牙龈炎发生率显著高于同龄女性（P < 0.05）。>24～34岁组中女性第三磨牙萌出率高于男性（P < 0.05）,而在>44岁组中男性高于女性（P < 0.05）。在>24～34岁组、>44岁组和全体样本总计中女性萌出的第三磨牙龋齿发生率均高于男性（P < 0.05）。439名被调查者中有22人有不良固定义齿修复;38人有上颌侧切牙装饰性义齿修复。龋齿充填率为0。结论    高海拔地区缺氧环境和饮食习惯对口腔发育和疾病有一定影响。西藏牧民口腔健康状况较差,需要改善牧区口腔医疗条件,建立口腔防治体系。     

A proposal for further standardization of red blood cell glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase determinations

A number of factors were identified which influence the determination of red blood cell glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). White blood cells were effectively removed from whole blood by filtration, resulting in a mean reduction of G6PD activity of greater than 1.0 U/g Hb. Optimal enzyme activity was found using haemolysates with a Hb concentration in the range 0.4-1.2 g/dl. At a constant temperature of 30 degrees C, maximum linear rate of activity was achieved between the 10th and 20th min after initiation of the reaction. As a result of these findings, modifications to standardize the assay system were introduced. The new method exhibits excellent precision (CV less than 2.0%) with normal samples, and 95% reference ranges of 7.00-11.15 U/g Hb for adult females and 7.05-10.75 U/g Hb for adult males.     

Differences in T cell subsets between men and women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder, occurring predominantly in women. We studied by flow cytofluorimetry the T cell subsets in men and women with ITP and compared them with healthy sex-matched volunteers. In healthy controls, women were found to have higher proportions of T helper/inducer (Th/i) and lower T suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts/c) lymphocytes and consequently higher Th/i:Ts/c ratios than men. Accordingly, in clinical surveys, patients and controls should be matched for sex for proper comparisons. In patients with ITP in its active phase, an imbalance in T cell subsets was found in both sexes. The perturbation was more severe in women who had a marked decrease in number and proportion of Th/i lymphocytes and an increase in the proportion of Ts/c lymphocytes, whereas in men only, the proportion of Th/i lymphocytes was decreased. When patients with active disease were compared to those with ITP in remission, the decrease in Th/i subsets still persisted in both sexes but the Ts/c subset in women had returned to normal proportions. Therefore, the immune imbalance in ITP is more marked in women than men; imbalances in both Th/i and Ts/c are present in women while Ts/c appears not to be involved in men.     

Full-length but not truncated CD34 inhibits hematopoietic cell differentiation of M1 cells

CD34 is expressed on human and murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and its clinical usefulness for isolation of stem/progenitor cells has been well established. Although expression of CD34 is regulated in a developmental stage-specific manner, the function of CD34 is not known. Recently we have shown that both a full-length and truncated form of CD34 protein is expressed by hematopoietic cells (Blood 84:691, 1994). To test whether failure to suppress either form of CD34 could affect terminal myeloid differentiation, we constitutively expressed these CD34 proteins in murine M1 myeloid leukemia cells, which can be terminally differentiated to macrophages by treatment with interleukin-6 of leukemia inhibitory factor. Surprisingly our results show that forced expression of the full-length but not the truncated form of CD34 impedes terminal differentiation by these agents. Because the difference between the two forms of CD34 protein resides in the length of their respective cytoplasmic tail domains, our findings strongly suggest that the cytoplasmic domain region of full-length CD34 is responsible for the observed maturation arrest phenotype. These findings suggest a potential negative regulatory role for full-length CD34 in hematopoietic cell differentiation and may explain, at least in part, the block in maturation observed in CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia.     

老年睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与糖尿病关系的流行病学调查

目的调查老年人睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(SAS)与2型糖尿病(T2DM)的关系。方法对3286例老年人,采用家访式问卷调查,其中男1824人,女1462人,年龄60~92岁,平均(69±8)岁。随机抽样628人进行多导睡眠仪检查。结果3286例老年人群中SAS患者为959人(29.2%);糖尿病105例(3.2%),其中SAS组84例(8.8%),无SAS组为21例(0.9%),2组比较差异显著(P<0.01)。Logistic多元回归分析SAS是T2DM的独立危险因素(P<0.01)。结论本调查资料提示,老年人SAS患病率为29.2%。SAS组T2DM的发生率显著高于无SAS组,两者呈显著正相关关系。