中药饮片小包装的剂量和质量管理

中药饮片小包装作为一项新型的配方模式的改革,其优势非常明显。但在实际使用中主要存在剂量和质量上的问题。药房应从剂量和质量管理入手,一方面监督生产企业做好小包装的剂量和质量工作,另一方面加强医院药房对小包装的剂量和质量管理,提高配方质量,更好地发挥中药饮片小包装的优势。     

卵巢子宫内膜异位症异位和在位内膜组织中孕激素受体亚型的表达及意义

目的 研究子宫内膜异位症组织中孕激素受体亚型的表达,探讨其在内膜异位症发生、发展和治疗中的意义.方法 选取2005-01-2005-05山东大学齐鲁医院妇产科22例卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿的囊壁组织,6例同时行子宫切除术患者的在位内膜组织和13例正常内膜组织,采用RT-PCR技术对孕激素受体(PR-A+B)和孕激素受体B亚型(PR-B)的基因表达进行半定量研究.结果 巧克力囊肿组织中PR-A+B和PR-B mRNA表达显著低于正常内膜组织和子宫内膜异位症(EM)患者在位内膜组织(P＜0.01);巧克力囊肿组织中PR-B/PR-A+B mRNA的比值低于正常子宫内膜组织PR-B/PR-A+B mRNA的比值,差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论 PR-A+B和PR-B/PR-A+B mRNA的比值降低可能与EM发生、发展及治疗中"孕激素耐受"相关.     

先天性小肠闭锁术后肠动力功能障碍的原因探讨

目的探讨小肠闭锁术后发生肠动力功能障碍的原因及手术切除病变肠管范围。方法对小肠闭锁手术切除小肠标本15例及对照组6例非肠道或神经系统疾病死亡的足月新生儿尸检小肠标本肠壁S-100蛋白、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和c-kit蛋白进行免疫组化研究。观察闭锁两端肠壁肠神经系统（ENS）、平滑肌和肠间质细胞（ICCs）病理改变及其分布范围，并行统计学处理。结果闭锁近端肠壁S-100、α-SMA和c—kit阳性表达明显低于对照组。随远离盲端，以上指标呈逐渐增加趋势。在闭锁近端16cm、远端4cm处，三者病变总体趋于正常。结论小肠闭锁两端肠壁与肠动力密切相关的ENS、平滑肌和ICCs均存在病变。是小肠闭锁术后发生肠道动力功能障碍的原因。在患儿小肠长度允许的情况下．切除闭锁近端肠管16cm以上，而远端切除4cm．可减少或避免术后肠动力功能障碍的发生。     

Abmessung und Analyse der Bezugsfl(a)che von Acetabulum-Prothese-Transplantation in unterschiedlichen K(o)rperlagen

Ziel ist die Analyse der Neigungslage des Beckens im Liegen und im Stehen bzw.die Beobachtung der Stabilit(a)t der Beckenfl(a)che als Beckenfl(a)che für die Acetabulum-Prothese Transplantation. 72 Testpersonen wurden je nach Status ihres Pfannengelenks in 3 Gruppen eingeteilt:Gruppe 1 "mit gesundem Pfannengelenk", Gruppe 2 "mit Arthritis" und Gruppe 3 "nach Implantation der Hüftendoprothese". Unter dem Einsatz von 3D- Digital-Instrument wurde die Fl(a)chen-Neigung vor dem Becken jeweils im Liegen und im Stehen gemessen und die Messwerte wurden verglichen. Die Fl(a)chen-Neigungen vor dem Becken bei allen 3 Gruppen (mit gesundem Pfannengelenk/mit Arthritis/nach Operation) im Liegen sind: 6.37°± 3.70°, 6. 47°± 3.52° und 4.56°±2.39°. Im Stehen sind es 7.33°±3.08°, 6.60°±3.45° und 6.74°±3.43°. Der Fl(a)chen-Neigungsunterschied vor dem Becken im Liegen und im Stehen hat keine grosse Bedeutung (P＞0.05).Die (A)nderung der Fl(a)chen-Neigung vor dem Becken vom Liegen bis zum Stehen ist kleiner als 2.5°.Die Fl(a)che vor dem Becken (pelvic anterior plane, PAP) als Bezugsfl(a)che für Hüftpfanne-Prothese Transplantation bei klinischer Operation ist stabil und verlaβlich.     

影响核磁共振图像均匀度的因素和检定方法

图像均匀度指的是图像的均匀程度,它描述了MRI系统对体模内同一物质区域的再现能力。图像均匀度是衡量磁共振图像的重要指标,它直接影响到图像质量的好坏以及图像的诊断价值。本文就其检定方法以及影像均匀度好坏的因素进行论述。     

体外电磁冲击波碎石术对输尿管结石疗效分析

探讨输尿管结石体外电磁冲击波碎石术效果，评价其应用价值。370例输尿管结石病人按结石部位、大小、结石停留时间分类，将各类结石疗效进行比较。输尿管结石碎石次数与结石大小相关（P〈0.05。不同部位同等大小结石碎石次数无显著差异。排石效果与结石大小不相关，而与病程长短相关（P〈0.05）。体外电磁冲击波碎石术是治疗输尿管结石首选方法，严格把握适应证可提高碎石疗效。     

正清风痛宁缓释片治疗类风湿关节炎60例疗效观察

2003年1月～2005年8月,我们使用正清风痛宁缓释片治疗类风湿关节炎(rheumatoidarthritis,RA)60例,并以甲氨蝶呤作为对照药物,现将结果报道如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料2003年1月～2005年8月,共收集我院门诊诊断为RA的患者120例,符合美国风湿病协会1987年RA分类标准[1],且至少3     

The association of XRCC1 haplotypes and chromosomal damage levels in peripheral blood lymphocyte among coke-oven workers.

Theoretically, a haplotype has a higher level of heterozygosity than individual single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the association study based on the haplotype may have an increased power for detecting disease associations compared with SNP-based analysis. In this study, we investigated the effects of four haplotype-tagging SNPs (htSNP) and the inferred haplotype pairs of the X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) gene on chromosome damage detected by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The study included 141 coke-oven workers with exposure to a high level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 66 nonexposed controls. The frequencies of total MN and MNed cells were borderline associated with the Arg(194)Trp polymorphism (P = 0.053 and P = 0.050, respectively) but not associated with the Arg(280)His, Arg(399)Gln and Gln(632)Gln polymorphisms among coke-oven workers. Five haplotypes, including CGGG, TGGG, CAGG, CGAG, and CGGA, were inferred based on the four htSNPs of XRCC1 gene. The haplotype CGGG was associated with the decreased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells, and the haplotypes TGGG and CGAG were associated with the increased frequencies of total MN and MNed cells with adjustment for covariates among coke-oven workers. This study showed that the haplotypes derived from htSNPs in the XRCC1 gene were more likely than single SNPs to correlate with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced chromosome damage among coke-oven workers.     

Epidemiologic Correlation and Drug Resistance Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria in Different Open Limb Injury External Conditions

ObjectiveTo study the epidemiological correlation and drug resistance of external factors of infection caused by open injury of limbs to pathogens.MethodsThis experiment is a retrospective study. We took the geographical location and climate of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China as the background, analyzed 2017 strains of pathogens from 1589 patients with limb trauma infection in a University Affiliated Hospital from 2012 to 2017. Patients were divided into three groups according to the type of incision: I, In‐hospital infection of clean limb incision, II, In‐hospital infection with open injury, III, Community infection with open injury of the limb. Groups II and Groups III were divided into six subgroups according to the causes of trauma, including: accidents from non‐motor vehicles, machinery, cutting/piercing, pedestrian injuries, struck by/against, pedal cycles, and other injuries. We found eight common pathogens of orthopedic infection, which were mainly divided into Gram‐positive bacteria (G+, mainly including Staphylococcus) and Gram‐negative bacteria (G‐, mainly Enterobacteriaceae). The relationship between main pathogens and damage mechanism, apparent temperature and relative humidity was discussed in this study. SPSS v22.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data. Friedman''s two‐way ANOVA was used to analyze the difference between the injury mechanism and incidence of pathogenic bacteria. Linear regression was used to determine the trend between the incidence of major pathogens and seasonal temperature and humidity. The level of significance was set as P < 0.05.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the distribution of pathogens between Groups II and Groups III (P>0.05). The drug resistance of Groups III was significantly higher than that of Groups II and Groups I. G+ bacteria were resistant to cephalosporin, ceftriaxone and other cephalosporins and erythromycin and other macrolides. They were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. G‐ were resistant to the first‐ and the second‐generation cephalosporins, including cefotetan and cefazolin, and ampicillin and other penicillins, while they were sensitive to third‐generation cephalosporins, such as ceftazidime, as well as to levofloxacin and other quinolones, meropenem, and other beta‐lactamases. The correlation between the injury mechanism and infection of pathogenic bacteria was not significant. The monthly average apparent temperature and relative humidity were correlated with the infection rate of pathogenic bacteria.ConclusionIn open injury of extremities, apparent temperature and relative humidity is an important risk factor for infection by pathogenic bacteria and the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in out‐of‐hospital infection was lower than that of hospital infection.