Cellular infiltration and cytokine mRNA expression in perennial allergic rhinitis

BACKGROUND: Allergen challenge in allergic rhinitis patients leads to local eosinophilia and Th2-type cytokine expression. Natural exposure to grass pollen is additionally characterized by epithelial mast-cell infiltration. We hypothesized that perennial allergic rhinitis is also associated with T-cell and eosinophil infiltration of the nasal mucosa, local Th2-type cytokine expression, and increased numbers of nasal epithelial mast cells. METHODS: Nasal biopsies from perennial allergic rhinitis patients and controls were analysed by immunocytochemistry for different cell populations and in situ hybridization for cytokine mRNA-expressing cells. RESULTS: Perennial allergic rhinitis was associated with increased numbers of submucosal CD3+ T cells (P=0.05), EG2+ activated eosinophils (P=0.01), and CD68+ macrophages (P=0.01) compared to controls. Epithelial, but not submucosal, tryptase-positive mast cells were also elevated in rhinitics compared to controls (P=0.01). The numbers of cells expressing interleukin (IL)-5 were higher (P=0.01) and the numbers of cells expressing IL-2 were lower (P=0.04) in rhinitic patients than controls. There were no significant differences for either IL-4 or interferon-gamma between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Perennial allergic rhinitis is characterized by mast-cell migration into the epithelium; submucosal infiltration by T cells, eosinophils, and macrophages; and an imbalance in local T-cell cytokine production in favour of enhanced IL-5 and reduced IL-2 expression.     

葛根素和大豆甙元抑制[3H]氟硝西泮和体外大鼠脑膜的结合

从中药葛根中提取到两种苯二氮艹卓受体活性化合物:葛根素和大豆甙元。两种化合物在体外可抑制[3H]氟硝西泮和大鼠脑细胞膜的结合,IC₅₀值分别为18.46μmol·L^-1和15.43μmol·L^-1。大豆甙元还可抑制[³H]哌唑嗪和α1-肾上腺素受体的结合(IC₅₀值为89μmol·L^-1)。两种化合物的GABA比分别为1.11和1.12,提示两种黄酮化合物是苯二氮艹卓受体的拮抗剂或部分激动剂。Scatchardplot分析显示:两种化合物对[³H]氟硝西泮与膜结合的抑制作用是通过竞争性与非竞争性混合机制而实现的。     

椎弓崩裂症的MRI诊断

目的：分析椎弓崩裂症的MRI表现，并探讨MR诊断椎弓崩裂症的价值。方法：笔者收集40例本室自1995年8月至2000年6月MR检查诊为椎弓崩裂的病例，使用SIEMENS IMPAC1．0TMR机，采用脊柱线圈，自旋回波和快速自旋回波序列扫描，结果：显示椎弓崩裂发生于腰4、5椎体，大部分双侧受累（35例），双侧受累者较单侧受累者滑脱的发生率高，椎弓崩裂均位于椎弓峡部，表现为椎弓峡部骨皮质及髓质信号均不连贯，显示如下MR征象：断裂处呈线状；断裂处上下两端分离；断裂处下端后移，部分病例成角移位。结论：MRI检查能显示椎弓崩裂的位置及上述相关的MRI征象，在日常腰椎MRI检查中，如加留意，可及早发现。     

Genetic contributions to pain: a review of findings in humans

Pain represents the major motivating factor for which individuals seek healthcare, and pain responses are characterized by substantial inter‐individual differences. Increasing evidence suggests that genetic factors contribute significantly to individual differences in responses to both clinical and experimental pain. The purpose of this review article was to summarize the current literature regarding genetic contributions to pain, highlighting findings relevant to oral pain where available. A brief discussion of methodologic considerations is followed by a review of findings regarding genetic influences on clinical pain. Next, the literature examining genetic contributions to experimental pain responses is presented, emphasizing genetic associations that have been replicated in multiple cohorts. It is hoped that an enhanced understanding of genetic contributions to pain responses will ultimately improve diagnosis and treatment of clinical pain conditions.     

前胡丙素对肾性高血压左室肥厚大鼠心功能、左室顺应性及心肌胶原含量的影响

观察前胡丙素对肾性高血压左室肥厚（ＬＶＨ）大鼠心功能、左室顺应性及心肌胶原含量的影响。用两肾一夹肾性高血压动物模型，ｉｇ前胡丙素（ＰｒａＣ）９周。结果，与ＬＶＨ组相比，ＰｒａＣ组的ＣＦ／ＨＷＷ及ＣＯ／ＨＷＷ分别增加３１３％和２８９％；ＬＶＳＰ和－ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ负值分别增加１６７％和２７８％；ＬＶＥＤＰ和Ｔ值分别降低３４９％和３６５％；ＰＶ曲线接近正常组水平；左室肌羟脯氨酸降低２３８％。提示ＰｒａＣ可提高ＬＶＨ大鼠心脏收缩及舒张功能，改善心肌顺应性     

间硝地平对高血压心肌肥厚老龄鼠肾和肺细胞膜二氢吡啶受体的影响

间硝地平对高血压心肌肥厚老龄鼠肾和肺细胞膜二氢吡啶受体的影响徐毅，奚涛，饶曼人（南京医科大学心血管药理研究室２１００２９）间硝地平（ｍ－ｎｉｆｅｄｉｐｉｎｅ，ｍ－Ｎｉｆ）系我国研制的二氢吡啶（ＤＨＰ）类钙拮抗剂，有扩张血管、降低血压和逆转高血压心肌肥...     

粉防己碱对DOCA盐性高血压心肌肥厚大鼠心脏血流动力学的影响

粉防己碱可显著降低DOCA盐性高血压心肌肥厚大鼠的血压,左室湿重;在工作心脏研究中发现其改善肥厚心室的收缩(AP,LVSP,+dp/dt_max)舒张(一dp/dt_max,LVEDP,T值)性能,尤以舒张性能改善明显,并恢复泵功能(CO)和冠脉流量(CF);在左室压力容积关系法研究显示有改善肥厚心室左室顺应性和左室僵硬度的作用。提示:Tet有逆转心肌肥厚和改善肥厚心肌舒张收缩功能,左室顺应性和心肌劲度的作用。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ及牛磺酸对体外培养乳鼠肥大心肌细胞心律失常发生的作用

在培养72h的乳鼠心肌细胞,血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ,AgnⅡ)1,10,100和1000nmol·L^-1时,可浓度依赖性地增加细胞搏动频率;而牛磺酸5,10和20mmol·L^-1不影响心肌细胞搏动频率,但能浓度依赖性地拮抗AngⅡ100nmol·L^-1加快心肌细胞搏动频率的作用。AngⅡ100nmol·L^-1连续作用7d引起的培养乳鼠肥大心肌细胞搏动频率加快,动作电位APA升高,APD₅₀和APD90延长,SCL缩短;哇巴因50nmol·L^-1诱发的心肌细胞搏动节律失常发生率高于常规培养组。牛磺酸20mmol·L^-1可抑制AngⅡ引起的上述改变,并降低哇巴因诱发的心律失常发生率。     

前胡丙素对培养乳鼠心肌细胞自发性收缩及动作电位的影响

用倒置显微镜闭路电视系统及细胞内标准微电极法,记录培养心肌细胞的自发性收缩及动作电位,结果发现:应用Pra-C5min后,心肌细胞收缩频率及细胞边缘运动的速度同时下降。Pra-C10,30和100μmol·L^-1剂量依赖性的方式抑制心肌细胞的收缩速度,分别抑制24%,43%和50%。pra-C(10和30μmol·L^-1)显示了抑制心肌细胞收缩频率的作用,分别抑制13%和19%。Nif3μmol.L^-1分别缩短APD₅₀和APD₉₀14%及17%,但同样浓度的verapatmil则抑制APA27%,缩短APD₅₀8%,分别延长APD90及SCL10%和43%。Pra-C10,30和100μmol·L^-1缩短APD₅₀7%,14%和18%。Pra-C100μmol·L^-1有抑制APA及延长SCL的作用。结果提示,Pra-C对心肌细胞收缩及动作电位的作用可能与其阻滞Ca²⁺通道有关。