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131.
Tee KK Pybus OG Liao H Uenishi R Hase S Kamarulzaman A Li XJ Takebe Y 《AIDS (London, England)》2008,22(1):156-158
The HIV-1 epidemic among injecting drug users (IDU) in Taiwan is caused primarily by CRF07_BC infections. Evolutionary analyses, which utilize outgroup reference strains from northwestern China (Xinjiang), reveal that CRF07_BC was introduced into southern Taiwan in 1998-2001 and spread to central-northern Taiwan in 2001-2003, causing the largest HIV/AIDS epidemic in Taiwan. The separate introduction of CRF07_BC into Xinjiang occurred in 1992-1995. This study illustrates the temporal dynamics of CRF07_BC spread among IDU across east Asia. 相似文献
132.
Bruce RD Govindasamy S Sylla L Haddad MS Kamarulzaman A Altice FL 《The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse》2008,34(4):511-517
Diversion of buprenorphine has been described in settings where it is legally prescribed and has become an increasing concern in Malaysia; it resulted in banning of buprenorphine in Singapore where unsubstantiated case reports suggested that buprenorphine injection was associated with particularly poor outcomes. We therefore conducted a case series of qualitative interviews with buprenorphine injectors in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to examine further the issues surrounding buprenorphine injection as well as the abuse of midazolam in combination with buprenorphine. Interviews with 19 men do not suggest significant adverse health consequences from buprenorphine injection alone and injectors have adapted diverted buprenorphine as a treatment modality. A subset of these injectors, however, combined buprenorphine and midazolam for euphoric effects with resultant symptoms of a possible pharmacological interaction. Prospective cohort studies, rather than hospital-derived samples, are needed to better understand the safety of buprenorphine injection. 相似文献
133.
Trena Mukherjee Rishanantini Sakthivel Ho Yen Fong Megan McStea Meng Li Chong Sharifah Faridah Omar Ai Vyrn Chin Shahrul Kamaruzzaman Adeeba Kamarulzaman Reena Rajasuriar Lucette A. Cysique 《AIDS and behavior》2018,22(10):3226-3233
This study determines the optimal cut-off scores for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to detect HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in a multi-ethnic Malaysian HIV-positive cohort by developing demographically corrected normative standards among 283 HIV-negative community-based controls with overlapping demographic characteristics. The norms (corrected for age, sex, education, ethnicity) were applied to 342 HIV-positive virally suppressed individuals on cART. Impairment rates were classified using the Global Deficit Score (GDS?≥?.5) method. The MoCA was also scored according to the recommended cut-off of?≤?26, and functional decline was applied to both impairment definitions to classify HAND per the Frascati criteria. The?≤?26 cut-off considerably overestimated cognitive impairment in both samples (59.4% HIV-negative; 69.3% HIV-positive). In contrast, corrected scores yielded impairment rates consistent with what has been reported internationally in virally suppressed cohorts (23.4% with 83.3% mild impairment, 16.7% moderate impairment). A supplemental file allowing the computation of corrected MoCA scores and impairment status is included. 相似文献
134.
Hui Guo Lubing Chen Sara Adeeba Ismail Lulu Jiang Shihang Guo Jie Gu Xiaorong Zhang Yifeng Li Yuwen Zhu Zihan Zhang Donglin Han 《Materials》2022,15(24)
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are an attractive type of fuel cell that have received successful commercialization, benefitted from its unique advantages (including an all solid-state structure, a low operating temperature and low environmental impact). In general, the structure of PEMFCs can be regarded as a sequential stacking of functional layers, among which the gas diffusion layer (GDL) plays an important role in connecting bipolar plates and catalyst layers both physically and electrically, offering a route for gas diffusion and drainage and providing mechanical support to the membrane electrode assemblies. The GDL commonly contains two layers; one is a thick and rigid macroporous substrate (MPS) and the other is a thin microporous layer (MPL), both with special functions. This work provides a brief review on the GDL to explain its structure and functions, summarize recent progress and outline future perspectives. 相似文献
135.
Balqees Alawadhi Ahmad Alsaber Israa Shatawan Adeeba Al-Herz Parul Setiya Khulood Saleh Adel Al-Awadhi Eman Hasan Waleed Al-Kandari Khaled Mokaddem Aqeel Ghanem Yousef Attia Mohammed Hussain Naser Alhadhood Yaser Ali Hoda Tarakmeh Ghaydaa Aldabie Amjad AlKadi Hebah Alhajeri Ali Aldei 《International journal of rheumatic diseases》2023,26(12):2430-2440