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31.
Parathyroid scintigraphy using a double-tracer (T1-201, Tc-99m) subtraction technique depicted 17 of 23 (74%) parathyroid adenomas in patients with and without previous neck operations. High-resolution (10-MHz) ultrasound (US) depicted 18 (78%) of these adenomas. Average tumor size depicted by US was 17 X 10 X 8 mm (excluding a giant adenoma) and 19 X 10 X 9 mm by scintigraphy. Alone, neither modality was particularly sensitive in the depiction of primary hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands, but combined techniques were more effective than the use of a single modality. With both US and T1-201 scintigraphy, only two of 23 cases of parathyroid adenoma in the neck were missed, and none of the eight cases of secondary hyperplasia were missed. In 11 patients who had previously undergone neck surgery, parathyroid tumors were identified in eight by either US or double-tracer scintigraphy. Preoperative parathyroid imaging with double-tracer scintigraphy and high-resolution US is suggested for patients with hyperparathyroidism, particularly in those patients who have had previous parathyroid surgery. 相似文献
32.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MR imaging: pulse sequence optimization for detection of liver cancer 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fretz CJ; Elizondo G; Weissleder R; Hahn PF; Stark DD; Ferrucci JT Jr 《Radiology》1989,172(2):393-397
The effects of magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequences and timing parameters on tumor-liver contrast were studied in an animal model of metastatic liver cancer. Six spin-echo (SE), three inversion-recovery (IR), and four gradient-echo (GRE) sequences were evaluated at 0.6 T before and after injection of super-paramagnetic iron oxide. GRE techniques, irrespective of echo time and flip angle, showed the greatest change in signal intensity (enhancement) of the liver after administration of iron oxide. Single-acquisition GRE sequences (16 seconds) matched the contrast-to-noise ratio (C/N) performance of the most effective 6.4-minute SE sequences. Multiexcitation GRE sequences showed tumor-liver C/Ns per unit time that were significantly (P less than .05) higher than those achieved with SE and IR sequences. GRE sequences, which recruit intravoxel dephasing as an additional source of transverse relaxation enhancement (T2*), show a higher C/N per unit time and in this respect seem superior to SE and IR sequences for MR imaging with superparamagnetic iron oxide. 相似文献
33.
Harvey Mathews Addie Middleton Lindsey Boan Madison Jacks Lindsey Riddick Jessica Shepherd Jay Patel Antonia McNeal Stacy Fritz 《Journal of hand therapy》2018,31(4):554-561
Study Design
Clinical measurement.Introduction
Individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) sometimes exhibit weakness of palmar abduction strength (TAS). Reliable assessment of this strength in both subjects with and without CTS with the commonly available Microfet 2 is not known.Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study was to determine the intrarater and interrater reliabilities of a handheld dynamometric (HHD) method to assess TAS in individuals with and without CTS using the commercially available MicroFET2 and to examine the association between TAS in individuals with CTS and the Carpal Tunnel Symptom Questionnaire (CTSQ) scores.Methods
In 2 different study phases, individuals with and without CTS were assessed for TAS by 2 different examiners. The CTSQ was administered to the individuals with CTS.Results
Intrarater and interrater reliability coefficients (0.89-0.93 and 0.82-0.90, respectively) were excellent in individuals with and without CTS. Weak negative correlations were found between TAS and overall CTSQ and symptom severity subscale scores, and a moderate negative correlation was found between TAS and functional Status Subscale score.Discussion
This HHD method of reliably assessing TAS better quantifies deficits and progress than traditional manual muscle testing for muscle grades greater than 3/5.Conclusion
This method of HHD reliably quantifies TAS but is more reliable with the same than different raters. 相似文献34.
35.
The effectiveness of the confidential unit exclusion (CUE) procedure recommended by the Food and Drug Administration has been questioned by the blood banking community. The purpose of this study was to determine whether donors were informing the blood center correctly regarding the disposition (transfuse or do not transfuse) of their donated blood. A letter explaining the confidential study and requesting permission to send the participant a questionnaire noting his or her self-exclusion choice was mailed to 230 donors who had chosen transfuse and 276 donors who had chosen do not transfuse. After consent was obtained, participants were sent a second packet and asked to indicate whether they had chosen correctly and, if not, to identify reasons for that incorrect choice. A seven-word terminology quiz made up of words from the CUE form was also enclosed. All participants who had chosen transfuse indicated that this was the correct choice. Approximately 50 percent of those who had chosen do not transfuse indicated that this was an incorrect choice; the most common reason was that "I was not paying attention." The most frequently misunderstood term was "confidential." Donors who chose do not transfuse had a significantly higher rate of error on the terminology quiz (p less than 0.01) than did those who chose transfuse. 相似文献
36.
Vaccinia virus (VACV), the vaccine for smallpox, induces an antibody response that is largely responsible for conferring protection. Here, we studied the antibody response to VACV by generating and characterizing B cell hybridomas from a mouse immunized with VACV. Antibodies from 66 hybridomas were found to recognize 11 VACV antigens (D8, A14, WR148, D13, H3, A56, A33, C3, B5, A10 and F13), 10 of which were previously recognized as major antigens in smallpox vaccine by a microarray of VACV proteins produced with a prokaryotic expression system. VACV C3 protein, which was not detected as a target of antibody response by the proteome array, was recognized by two hybridomas, suggesting that selection of hybridomas based on immune recognition of infected cells has the advantage of detecting additional antibody response to native VACV antigens. In addition, these monoclonal antibodies are valuable reagents for studying poxvirus biology and protective mechanism of smallpox vaccine. 相似文献
37.
We present an interesting and unusual case of an acutely calcified pin-site infection hematoma mimicking a displaced cartilaginous medial epicondyle, in a child with a Gartland type III fracture. The treatment of such pathology could be confusing and may interfere with the correct clinical decision-making process. To our knowledge, this is the first presentation of such a case. 相似文献
38.
Working memory capacity,intelligence, and the magnitude of the attentional blink revisited 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Martens S Johnson A 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2009,192(1):43-52
The attentional blink (AB) is a well-established phenomenon in the study of attention. This deficit in reporting the second
of two targets presented in rapid serial visual presentation when it occurs 200–500 ms after the first is considered to reflect
a fundamental limitation in attentional processing. However, we recently reported that some individuals do not show an AB,
and presented psychophysiological evidence that target processing differs between blinkers and non-blinkers. One possibility
is that non-blinkers may have a larger WM capacity, allowing better attentional control. Here we explore the relation between
the magnitude of the AB, general intelligence, and different measures of working memory (WM) and short-term memory (STM) capacity.
Surprisingly, no correlation was found between memory capacity measures and AB magnitude, raising doubts about the generalizability
of earlier findings of such a relationship.
相似文献
Sander MartensEmail: |
39.
40.
DD Cohen C Voss MJD Taylor DM Stasinopoulos A Delextrat GRH Sandercock 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2010,99(7):1065-1072
Aims: The aims of this study were to evaluate patterns of handgrip (HG) strength in relation to gender and age in English schoolchildren and to compare this with existing data and produce reference data for this population. Methods: The HG of 7147 English schoolchildren (3773 boys and 3374 girls) aged 10–15.9 years was measured using a portable Takei handgrip dynamometer (Takei Scientific Instruments Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). Centile data were produced using the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape. Z‐scores were generated using existing data for European children. Age and gender interactions were analysed using analysis of covariance. Results: In boys and girls, significant increases in HG were found between every age‐group (p < 0.001). Boys were significantly stronger than girls at every age (p < 0.001) and the boys’ age‐related increase was significantly greater than the girls’ (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study provides reference data for handgrip strength in English schoolchildren. Handgrip strength in English children is broadly similar to existing European data, after adjusting for mass and stature. These data could be used for clinical or athletic screening of low and high strength in this population. 相似文献