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81.
82.
Na DL Son Y Kim CH Lee BH Shon YM Lee KJ Lee KM Adair JC Watson RT Heilman KM 《Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior》2002,38(5):787-796
Previous studies have demonstrated that optokinetic stimulation (OKS) influences line bisection (LB) performance in normal subjects and patients with hemispatial neglect. Since subjects were required to attend to stationary targets on a moving background, prior experimental designs might have induced an illusion of target motion or induced motion (IM) in a direction opposite the background. The current study tested whether the IM affects LB performance in normal subjects and how the speed of targets also influences LB. Thirty-two right-handed normal volunteers (aged 28.0±5.3 years) were asked to bisect stationary lines with a background of horizontal OKS. These stimuli were generated by computer and displayed on a large screen via a beam projector. The OKS was varied according to direction (leftward or rightward) and speed (9.4°/sec or 56.1°/sec), producing 4 different experimental conditions. Mean bisection errors in all conditions were compared with a control condition with no background OKS. For each condition, subjects rated the degree of IM on a 5 point scale. With fast rate OKS, subjects reported minimal IM and LB errors were in the same direction as background motion, a finding that replicates previous studies. Conversely, the slow OKS rate caused subjects to report IM and resulted in deviation of the bisection mark in a direction opposite the background OKS. While this discrepancy between the slow and fast OKS conditions might be related to motion illusion, we did not find a direct correlation between the degree of IM and bisection errors and thus reasons for these results remain unexplained. 相似文献
83.
Adair J 《Neurology》2002,59(5):788-9; author reply 789
84.
Treye Thomas Karluss Thomas Nakissa Sadrieh Nora Savage Patricia Adair Robert Bronaugh 《Toxicological sciences》2006,91(1):14-19
Considerable media attention has recently been given to novel applications for products that contain nanoscale materials. These products could have utility in several industries that market consumer products, including textiles, sporting equipment, cosmetics, consumer electronics, and household cleaners. Some of the purported benefits of these products include improved performance, convenience, lower cost, as well as other desirable features, when compared to the conventional products that do not contain nanoscale materials. Although there are numerous likely consumer advantages from products containing nanoscale materials, there is very little information available regarding consumer exposure to the nanoscale materials in these products or any associated risks from these exposures. This paper seeks to review a limited subset of products that contain nanoscale materials, assess the available data for evaluating the consumer exposures and potential hazards associated with these products, and discuss the capacity of U.S. regulatory agencies to address the potential risks associated with these products. 相似文献
85.
Sarah Ford MSc Psych D PhD Theo Schofield MA BM BCh FRCP FRCGP † Tony Hope MA PhD FRCPsych ‡ 《Health expectations》2006,9(2):130-137
OBJECTIVE: To investigate opportunities for, and types of decision making in the general practice (primary care) consultation, and examine differences in skills of those doctors who are successful at meeting their patients' preferences and those who are less successful. DESIGN: Observation study of doctor-patient consultations in general practice. PARTICIPANTS: Patients attending for routine appointments in 12 general practice surgeries across Oxfordshire. METHODS: A total of 212 doctor-patient consultations were video-recorded. The patients involved completed a questionnaire to elicit their perceptions of how decisions were made. The video-taped recordings were coded with a new instrument, the Evidence Based Patient Choice Instrument (EBPCI), to classify the number and type of decision-making opportunities arising during each consultation. A total of 149 recordings were coded using the Oxbridge Rating Scale to assess the doctors' consultation styles. RESULTS: There was a range of decision-making opportunities in addition to those involving medical treatment. With the exception of 'fitness for work', decisions were generally 'doctor led'. There was only moderate agreement between patient perceptions of their level of involvement in decision making and the objective ratings using the EBPCI. There was wide variation in the ability of doctors to meet their patients' preferences for involvement. CONCLUSIONS: There are many decisions made in primary care consultations, in addition to those about medical treatments, in which patients could be involved to a greater extent than they currently are. Some doctors are significantly better than others at meeting different patients' preferences for their decision-making role. Patients' perceptions of shared decision making appears to be influenced by the doctors' general consultation skills. 相似文献
86.
Simon Jackson BA BM BCh Tony Hollingworth FRCS MRCOG PhD Marion Macpherson MRCOG MD 《The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology》1993,33(2):214-215
Summary: A case report is described in which abdominal pregnancy was misdiagnosed by ultrasound scanning as a pregnancy within a horn of a bicornuate uterus. Two serum alpha fetoprotein (SAFP) results were greatly elevated and an amniocentesis was performed, the liquor alpha fetoprotein (LAFP) and karyotype were normal. Elective Caesarean section was performed at 38 weeks for a persistent transverse lie and an abdominal pregnancy was found. The outcome was excellent for both the mother and child.
This is the first reported case of amniocentesis and measurement of LAFP in an abdominal pregnancy and confirms abdominal pregnancy as a rare cause of an elevated SAFP. 相似文献
This is the first reported case of amniocentesis and measurement of LAFP in an abdominal pregnancy and confirms abdominal pregnancy as a rare cause of an elevated SAFP. 相似文献
87.
The main purpose of this study was to compare rectal and axillary temperature measurements in African children. Altogether 573 sick children were seen in an outpatient setting in rural West Africa. Rectal and axillary temperatures were measured and the parent or guardian was asked if they thought that the child had a raised body temperature. Normal ranges were defined from an age matched population of 203 healthy children. A raised axillary temperature predicted a raised rectal temperature with a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 88%. The parents' impression that their child had a fever was a less sensitive (89%) and less specific (59%) indicator of raised rectal temperature. A raised axillary temperature is a good screening test for a raised rectal temperature in African children. 相似文献
88.
89.
The ideal surgical procedure for Menière's disease would combine the high rate of vertigo control and the good hearing preservation of vestibular nerve section with the low morbidity of labyrinthectomy. Shea's technique of streptomycin perfusion of the labyrinth has been modified by making an additional opening into the posterior semicircular canal in an effort to limit the amount of streptomycin going into the cochlea. Seventeen patients with definite Menière's with poor hearing have had this procedure. Vertigo was controlled in 94% and the hearing preserved in 55%. Vestibular rehabilitation was not a problem. It is speculated that hearing preservation would be better if the procedure were not restricted to those with poor hearing. This method of destruction of the vestibular system carries the possibility of hearing preservation and maintains the possibility of cochlear implantation should this ever be required. 相似文献
90.
Lewis DF Adair CD Weeks JW Barrilleaux PS Edwards MS Garite TJ 《American journal of obstetrics and gynecology》1999,181(6):1495-1499
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the ability of 2 different antepartum testing modalities to predict infectious morbidity in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes. STUDY DESIGN: During a 36-month period, patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes (at 23 to 34 weeks of gestation) were randomly assigned to either a daily nonstress test or a biophysical profile, after a 24-hour observational period. We used the original scoring system of Manning et al for the biophysical profile, with a score of =6 considered abnormal. Nonstress test results were considered abnormal if the test was nonreactive or if the patient had late decelerations or significant variable decelerations; abnormal results led to further evaluation with a biophysical profile. Results of the last test before delivery were evaluated to determine whether infectious complications had been predicted. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-five patients were enrolled in the study. Demographics, pregnancy characteristics, and neonatal outcomes were similar. Neither the daily nonstress test nor the daily biophysical profile had good sensitivity for predicting infectious complications (39.1% and 25.0%, respectively). However, both had good specificity (84.6% and 92.6%, respectively). Positive and negative predictive values were 52.9% and 75.9%, respectively, for the daily nonstress test and 66.7% and 68.4%, respectively, for the daily biophysical profile. Cost was significantly higher in the daily biophysical profile group. Nonstress testing of patients at <28 weeks' gestation generally required a backup biophysical profile. CONCLUSION: Neither the daily nonstress test nor the daily biophysical profile had good sensitivity for predicting infectious complications after preterm premature rupture of membranes. 相似文献