腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取息肉术在胆囊息肉患者中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取息肉术在治疗胆囊息肉过程中的应用价值。方法随机选取我院2012年10月-2014年10月住院接受胆囊息肉治疗的患者118例作为研究对象,按照患者手术方式的不同分为两组,运用腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取息肉术治疗的59例患者为试验组,采用腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗的59例患者为对照组,分析两组患者的治疗效果。结果试验组患者平均手术时间、术后进食时间、住院时间、伤口疼痛率明显优于对照组59例患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者均无胆漏情况的发生,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜联合胆道镜保胆取息肉术在对胆囊息肉患者实施治疗可以缩短手术、术后进食和住院时间,减少伤口疼痛的发生概率,避免了胆囊切除术胆道损伤的概率,是一种安全可靠且有效的微创保胆取息肉方法。     

All roads lead to Rome-a review of the potential mechanisms by which exerkines exhibit neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease

Age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)have become a critical public health issue due to the significantly extended human lifespan,leading to considerable economic and social burdens.Traditional therapies for AD such as medicine and surgery remain ineffective,impractical,and expensive.Many studies have shown that a variety of bioactive substances released by physical exercise(called“exerkines”)help to maintain and improve the normal functions of the brain in terms of cognition,emotion,and psychomotor coordination.Increasing evidence suggests that exerkines may exert beneficial effects in AD as well.This review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of exerkines in AD,focusing on the underlying molecular mechanism and the dynamic expression of exerkines after physical exercise.The findings described in this review will help direct research into novel targets for the treatment of AD and develop customized exercise therapy for individuals of different ages,genders,and health conditions.     

Biomechanical behavior of brain injury caused by sticks using finite element model and Hybrid-III testing

Objective: To study the biomechanical mechanism of head injuries beaten with sticks, which is common in the battery or assaultive cases. Methods: In this study, the Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device and finite element model (FEM) of the total human model for safety (THUMS) head were used to determine the biomechanical response of head while being beaten with different sticks. Total eight Hybrid-III tests and four finite element simulations were conducted. The contact force, resultant acceleration of head center of gravity, intracranial pressure and von Mises stress were calculated to determine the different biomechanical behavior of head with beaten by different sticks. Results: In Hybrid-III tests, the stick in each group demonstrated the similar kinematic behavior under the same loading condition. The peak values of the resultant acceleration for thick iron stick group, thin iron stick group, thick wooden stick group and thin wooden stick group were 203.4 g, 221.1 g, 170.5 g and 122.2 g respectively. In finite element simulations, positive intracranial pressure was initially observed in the frontal comparing with negative intracranial pressure in the contra-coup site. Subsequently the intracranial pressure in the coup site was decreasing toward negative value while the contra-coup intracranial pressure increasing toward positive values. Conclusions: The results illustrated that the stiffer and larger the stick was, the higher the von Mises stress, contact force and intracranial pressure were. We believed that the results in the Hybrid-III tests and THUMS head simulations for brain injury beaten with sticks could be reliable and useful for better understanding the injury mechanism.     

基于医院信息系统的乳腺癌临床特征及中西医用药特征分析

目的 解析真实世界中乳腺恶性肿瘤患者的人群特征、诊断特征、中西医用药特征，为乳腺癌的临床防治提供参考。方法 采集2002年2月至2015年5月全国60家三级甲等医 院信息系统（Hospital Information System，HIS）中，出院诊断为“乳腺癌”的患者用药信息，采用SAS9.3统计软件，对人口学信息、诊断信息、医嘱用药信息等进行描述性分析。结果 39798例乳腺癌患者，平均年龄（50.93者，平均年龄）岁；多以门诊入院，入院病情以“一般”为主;合并疾病主要为高血压，骨肿瘤，联用西药以抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、治疗并发症、缓解放化疗不良反应为主；中医辨证以痰瘀互结证，气阴两虚证，肝气淤滞证，脾气亏虚证型最为常见，临床清热解毒剂、益气扶正剂，活血化瘀剂应用较多。结论 乳腺癌中西医结合治疗，联用药物广泛，临床治疗基本符合临床指南。     

护理门诊对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的探究护理门诊对精神分裂症患者康复与生活质量中的作用。方法选取2017年2月—2018年3月我院收治的76例门诊精神分裂症患者,并按照数字表法分为两组,对照组予以常规护理,实验组予以综合护理,并对两组患者BPRS、SDSS评分、依从率与生活质量评分予以评定。结果护理后实验组患者的BPRS与SDSS评分分别为(24.34±3.83)分、(4.15±1.30)分,明显低于对照组(P 0.05);实验组患者治疗依从率97.37%,高于对照组的78.95%(P 0.05);实验组患者在生理(15.41±3.85)分、社会((15.77±3.82)分、环境(16.73±4.55)分以及心理(16.77±4.25)分等生活质量方面的评分明显高于对照组(P 0.05)。结论护理门诊可促使精神分裂症患者快速康复,提高其生活质量。     

从温阳透发法论治难治性痤疮

痤疮可辨为阴、阳两证。阳疮者,缘患者劳汗被寒、玄府闭合,汗脂凝聚日久不得外排,蕴热搏结气血而生疮化腐,疮症为热为痛,此为易治;阴疮者,由阳疮转化而来,缘患者外感寒风、内伤生冷,且医者又重用寒凉、失于托透,以至气血冰凝,久不溃脓或溃脓难出,此为难治。根据难治性痤疮临床表现,其多类属于阴疮,以阳虚表郁、邪闭毛窍为致病之关键,其中表郁毛窍、邪闭肌腠为病之标,阳虚阴凝为病之本。治疗当以温阳透发、祛邪外达为法。以麻黄附子细辛汤温阳化阴滞、发阳透毒治其本,待阴邪发越,即用火针强开门户、消疮排脓治其标。标本兼治、针药结合的方法治疗难治性痤疮在临床中能够安全有效地消除痤疮、改善皮损、降低复发率。     

缺血性心肌病的临床特点

目的　探讨缺血性心肌病 (ICM)的临床特点。方法　对诊断为 ICM的 46例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 46例患者均有心绞痛、心肌梗死的冠心病史 ;以老年男性多见 (80 .4% ) ;心脏扩大、心力衰竭和心律失常为主要临床表现 ;超声心动图多数显示左心室扩大 ,室壁运动呈节段性运动异常 ,左心室射血分数平均 <45 % ;选择性冠状动脉造影呈 1支或多支血管病变 ,血管狭窄平均 >75 % ,甚至完全闭塞。结论　 ICM以老年男性多见 ,临床以心脏扩大 ,充血性心力衰竭为主要表现 ,酷似扩张型心肌病 ,冠状动脉造影是可靠的鉴别诊断方法。介入治疗是目前治疗 ICM较好的方法