胰岛素联合二甲双胍对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇妊娠结局及新生儿的影响

目的分析二甲双胍对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇妊娠结局及新生儿的影响。方法选取2013年12月-2015年12月在该院就诊的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇120例为本次的观察对象,采取计算机随机分组法分为对照组与观察组,每组各60例。对照组采用胰岛素进行治疗,观察组在此基础上加用二甲双胍进行治疗,比较两组孕妇的妊娠结局及对新生儿的影响。结果治疗前两组孕妇血糖水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后观察组孕妇血糖控制明显优于对照组(P<0.05),观察组孕妇血糖控制率为91.67%,对照组为46.67%(P<0.05);观察组孕妇妊娠并发症、新生儿低血糖、新生儿黄疸发生率明显低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论二甲双胍联合胰岛素治疗妊娠期糖尿病,能够有效改善血糖各项指标,同时还能够改善妊娠结局,值得临床推广应用。     

抑郁症患者情绪图片反应特征及杏仁核反应模式的研究

Objective To explore the behavioral and related amygdaiar temporal response to emotional pictures in individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD).Methods Functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)was adopted to examine the neural substrates of emotional pictures processing in 12 first-episode unmedicated MDD subjects(MDD)and 13 healthy controls(HC).Analyses were focused on the temporal dynamics of the blood-oxygen level dependant(BOLD)signal change in the amygdala across blocks of positive,neutral and negative emotional pictures.The crude score to emotional pictures was also recorded.Results(1)The crude score wag(6.6 ±0.2)to positive pictures and(4.7 ±0.1)to neutral pictures in depressed subjects,lower than that in HC(P＜0.01),and(3.4 ±0.3)to negativc pictures in depressed subjects,which was higher than that in HC(2.2±0.2,P＜0.01).(2)The bilateral amygdala showed attenuated and delayed response to the positive pictures.in which the right amygdala showed"group×time"interaction effect to positive pictures(P=0.002).For the negative pictures,there was"group×time"interaction effect in the left amygdala(P=0.008)and group main effect in the right amygdaia(P=0.007),with the attenuated BOLD signal change in MDD group.Conclusions It suggests that amygdala is one of the key neural substrates to the character of the depressed mood or loss of interest in individuals with MDD.Depressed subiects show the attenuated and blunted behavioral and amygdala response to emotional stimuli,which support the hypothesis of the unspecially blunted emotional response in major depressive disorder.     

国家药品使用监测平台体系架构设计与实施

介绍全民健康保障信息化工程中的"国家药品使用监测平台",通过大数据技术对原始数据展开深度挖掘和多维度分析,从平台体系架构设计角度阐述了平台的建设目的与设计、监测数据范围和监测指标体系的建立思路,并介绍该平台建设的有关情况和实施步骤.     

陕西省成年人群肌肉重量与生活质量的关联性研究

目的 探讨陕西省成年人群肌肉重量与生活质量的关联性。方法 数据来源于2018-2019年建立的西北区域自然人群队列研究中陕西省人群队列的基线调查,通过健康调查12条简表测评研究对象的生活质量,包括身体功能总分（PCS）和心理功能总分（MCS）,通过人体脂肪测量仪测量全身肌肉重量。采用调整混杂因素的logistic回归模型分析不同性别肌肉重量与生活质量的关系,并进行敏感性分析和亚组分析探索其稳定性,利用限制性立方样条方法探索不同性别肌肉重量与生活质量的剂量-反应关系。结果 共纳入20 595名研究对象,平均年龄55.0岁,33.4%为男性。在控制混杂因素之后,与Q₁组相比,女性Q₅组人群低PCS的风险下降20.6%（OR=0.794,95%CI：0.681~0.925）,低MCS的风险下降20.1%（OR=0.799,95%CI：0.689~0.926）。与Q₁组相比,男性Q₂组人群低PCS的风险下降24.4%（OR=0.756,95%CI：0.644~0.888）,但尚未发现男性肌肉重量与MCS存在显著关联。女性肌肉重量与PCS和MCS的关联呈现出显著的线性剂量-反应关系。结论 陕西省成年人群的肌肉重量与生活质量之间呈正向关联,且女性更为突出,随着肌肉重量增加,人群身体功能和心理功能不断提高。     

认知老化、老年大脑可塑性与认知储备

在社会老年人口不断增加的背景下,老化相关研究日益受到重视.先前研究大多集中于4"D"(疾病disease,残疾disa-bility,死亡death和痴呆dementia)人群,目前很多学者开始关注正常老年并对其异质性群体进行深入探索.Rowe和Kahn [1]将老年人群分为三类:成功老龄、常态老龄和病态老龄.部分常态老龄通过生物学、心理学和社会学等干预措施,能够向成功老龄转化,也即可塑性.     

抑郁症患者情绪图片反应特征及杏仁核反应模式的研究

Objective To explore the behavioral and related amygdaiar temporal response to emotional pictures in individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD).Methods Functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)was adopted to examine the neural substrates of emotional pictures processing in 12 first-episode unmedicated MDD subjects(MDD)and 13 healthy controls(HC).Analyses were focused on the temporal dynamics of the blood-oxygen level dependant(BOLD)signal change in the amygdala across blocks of positive,neutral and negative emotional pictures.The crude score to emotional pictures was also recorded.Results(1)The crude score wag(6.6 ±0.2)to positive pictures and(4.7 ±0.1)to neutral pictures in depressed subjects,lower than that in HC(P＜0.01),and(3.4 ±0.3)to negativc pictures in depressed subjects,which was higher than that in HC(2.2±0.2,P＜0.01).(2)The bilateral amygdala showed attenuated and delayed response to the positive pictures.in which the right amygdala showed"group×time"interaction effect to positive pictures(P=0.002).For the negative pictures,there was"group×time"interaction effect in the left amygdala(P=0.008)and group main effect in the right amygdaia(P=0.007),with the attenuated BOLD signal change in MDD group.Conclusions It suggests that amygdala is one of the key neural substrates to the character of the depressed mood or loss of interest in individuals with MDD.Depressed subiects show the attenuated and blunted behavioral and amygdala response to emotional stimuli,which support the hypothesis of the unspecially blunted emotional response in major depressive disorder.     

肺栓塞患者的机体和心理康复

一、肺栓塞心理康复的意义 心理／行为异常和心血管疾病之间的相互关系已得到充分证实，如A型行为与冠心病，抑郁焦虑与心肌梗死等。以心肌梗死为例，20世纪70年代，西方兴起早期运动治疗，并提倡同时进行心理行为干预，包括改善焦虑抑郁状态、提高自我评价、矫治A型行为和不良生活习惯等，形成了被誉为心血管医学发展史里程碑的心脏康复医学。20世纪90年代以后，以早期活动和心理治疗为中心的急性心肌梗死综合性心脏康复方案形成，大大推动了治疗成本的降低和长期预后的改善。至此，心理治疗和行为矫治逐渐成为心血管疾病综合治疗的重要手段，健康的心理状态和良好的行为模式也成为疾病康复的重要指标。     

成功老龄者听觉词汇学习特征初步研究

目的:探索成功老龄者的记忆特征。方法:采用中国老年成套神经心理测验中听觉词汇学习测验评估65岁以上社区老人421名,其中成功老龄(SA)组230名,常态老龄(UA)组137名,轻度认知损害(MCI)组54名。结果:(1)控制年龄、性别、教育程度后,SA 与MCI、UA 与MCI 组间即刻记忆、延迟回忆保持率、倒摄抑制有显著性差异(P<0.01);但三组间学习效应指数、前摄抑制无显著性差异。(2)对三组间七次回忆正确数进行重复测量协方差分析:SA 与UA 组组别及时间与组别交互作用均无显著性差异,但时间*组别变化趋势有显著性差异(P<0.05)。SA 与MCI、UA 与MCI 比较,组别及时间与组别交互作用、变化趋势均有显著性差异(P<0. 05)。结论:(1)延迟回忆可能是鉴别SA 较敏感的指标。(2)UA、MCI 仍具一定的学习能力,为进行成功老龄化干预提供了相关理论依据。     

药品配备使用监测评价指标体系研究

目的 构建基于药品配备使用管理的监测评价指标体系。方法 通过文献分析法、政策分析法筛选指标,运用专家咨询法、层次分析法确定指标体系。结果 构建了包含4大管理主题、23类126项指标的药品配备使用监测评价指标体系,包括53个基础指标、39个重点指标、34个扩展指标。结论 构建的指标体系比较全面,指标来源可靠、层级清晰,契合我国药政管理工作要求,可为各级医疗机构及药政管理部门提供参考。     

抑郁症患者情绪图片反应特征及杏仁核反应模式的研究

Objective To explore the behavioral and related amygdaiar temporal response to emotional pictures in individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD).Methods Functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)was adopted to examine the neural substrates of emotional pictures processing in 12 first-episode unmedicated MDD subjects(MDD)and 13 healthy controls(HC).Analyses were focused on the temporal dynamics of the blood-oxygen level dependant(BOLD)signal change in the amygdala across blocks of positive,neutral and negative emotional pictures.The crude score to emotional pictures was also recorded.Results(1)The crude score wag(6.6 ±0.2)to positive pictures and(4.7 ±0.1)to neutral pictures in depressed subjects,lower than that in HC(P＜0.01),and(3.4 ±0.3)to negativc pictures in depressed subjects,which was higher than that in HC(2.2±0.2,P＜0.01).(2)The bilateral amygdala showed attenuated and delayed response to the positive pictures.in which the right amygdala showed"group×time"interaction effect to positive pictures(P=0.002).For the negative pictures,there was"group×time"interaction effect in the left amygdala(P=0.008)and group main effect in the right amygdaia(P=0.007),with the attenuated BOLD signal change in MDD group.Conclusions It suggests that amygdala is one of the key neural substrates to the character of the depressed mood or loss of interest in individuals with MDD.Depressed subiects show the attenuated and blunted behavioral and amygdala response to emotional stimuli,which support the hypothesis of the unspecially blunted emotional response in major depressive disorder.