T—PACS在医学影像学实践教学中的应用和优势

现代医学影像学随着影像设备和影像技术的高速发展已经进入数字化阶段,PACS的出现及应用极大地推进了影像教学数字化模式的改进,也为影像学教学数字化开辟了新的思路。文章在总结多年PACS教学实践经验的基础上,构建了T—PACS教学系统。实践表明,该系统不仅充分利用了PACS系统的优势和特点,而且弥补了它的缺陷,加强了师生之间的互动,提高了学生学习的积极性、自主性和学习效率,强化了对学生的科学管理和考评。     

医学影像学教学用PACS系统资源库的模式构建与管理

医学影像学数字化建设是当前医学影像学教学模式改革的热点,医学影像学实训课教学用医学影像存档与通信系统(Teaching-PACS,T-PACS),系统的应用作为推动医学影像学数字化建设的重要组成部分,在医学院校的日常教学活动中发挥着非常重要的作用。本文通过对医学影像教学用T-PACs系统资源库的模式构建和管理的原则和经验进行阐述,对取得的成效进行了评价。     

t-pacs在《医学影像学》结业考试中的应用

目前,医学图像存储与通信系统(Picture archiving and communication system,PACS)在国内大多数医疗机构都已普遍应用,基于PACS的医学影像教学模式已经成为必然趋势[1-3]。我院放射科作为国家重点学科培育学科,于2009年结合本科特色成功构     

恶性混合型苗勒氏瘤1例

患者女,29岁.无明显诱因自感左腰痛伴左股外侧放射痛1年,为持续性锐痛,夜间加重,向大腿外侧放射,躯干左倾时缓解,以后疼痛逐渐加重伴餐后上腹部不适,食纳差,体重减轻,闭经.体格检查:躯干部皮疹,舟状腹,未见肠型及蠕动波,腹壁皮肤无红肿无破溃,左侧腹肌较右侧紧张,左肋缘下深压痛,未触及包块及条索状物,左肾区叩痛,移动性浊音阴性,肠鸣音4次/min.     

多排CT胆道成像诊断肝胆管结石的方法和技术

目的:多排CT胆道成像诊断肝内及肝外主胆管结石的价值。方法:采用临床流行病学诊断试验的方法,对经手术、病理或ERCP证实的40例多排CT胆道成像结果进行回顾分析。结果:多排CT胆道成像诊断肝胆管结石的特异度、敏感度、准确度均达到90%以上,明显优于B超。结论:多排CT胆道成像诊断肝胆管结石的特异度、敏感度、准确度基本与ERCP相近,该技术拓展了肝内外胆管结石的诊断途径,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

海洛因依赖者前额叶皮质及杏仁核1H-MR波谱研究

Objective To explore the characteristic findings of 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala of patients with heroine dependence(HD), and the relationship to total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.Methods Fourteen male HD patients and 12 healthy controls (HC) underwent 1H-MRS at the prefrontal cortex and amygdala regions.The total cumulative in haled heroin dose was (852±341) g in HD.Ratios of N-acetylaspartate/creatine(NAA/Cr) and choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) were respectively measured in the prefrontal cortex and bilateral amygdale regions.The student's t test and the linear correlation were employed for statistical analysis.Results Compared to HC group, HD patients had a significant lower ratio of NAA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (1.44±0.46 vs 1.50±0.75, t=1.77 ,P <0.05), left amygdala region (1.32±0.08 vs 1.42±0.08, t=3.41, P < 0.05), and right amygdala region (1.34±0.09 vs 1.44±0.10, t=2.63, P <0.05), the HD patients had a significant increased ratio of Cho/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (0.92±0.06 vs 0.86±0.08, t=2.31, P < 0.05), left amygdala region (1.20+0.12 vs 1.07±0.04, t=3.60,P<0.05) and right amygdala region(1.26±0.15 vs 1.12±0.11,t=2.60,P <0.05).There was a negative linear correlation between the total cumulative inhaled heroine dose and the ratio of NKA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (r=-0.9159, P < 0.01), left amygdala region (r=-0.8756, P < 0.01), and right amygdala region (r=-0.9399, P < 0.01) respectively.Conclusions The study indicates that neuronal damage and glial proliferation may occur in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala region, which suggests the abnormalities of executive function and emotion in patients with HD.A relationship exists between the heroin-induced metabolic abnormality and the total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.     

乳腺导管造影诊断乳腺囊性增生病13例

1　临床资料　乳头溢液的乳腺囊性增生病患者 13例 ,单侧乳头溢液 12例 ,双侧乳头溢液 1例 ,乳内肿块 6例 ,乳房胀痛8例 ,与月经有关 6例 ,溢液无色 1例 ,黄色 6例 ,暗红色 6例 ,年龄 2 7～ 6 1(平均 4 2 8)岁 ,病程 1～ 2 4 (平均 5 4 )ｍｏ ,13例均先行钼靶Ｘ线平片 ,然后再行选择性乳腺导管造影Ｘ线检查 ,7例经手术病理证实 .导管造影Ｘ线检查 ,囊肿型 7例(图 1) ,表现为与导管相连的较大的囊性扩张 ;小导管腺泡囊性增生型 1例 (图 2 ) ,表现为终末导管、腺泡呈较均匀的小囊状或串珠状扩张 ;囊肿伴导管硬化型 4例 (图 3,4 ) ,即既有较…     

海洛因依赖者前额叶皮质及杏仁核1H-MR波谱研究

Objective To explore the characteristic findings of 1H-MR spectroscopy(1H-MRS) in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala of patients with heroine dependence(HD), and the relationship to total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.Methods Fourteen male HD patients and 12 healthy controls (HC) underwent 1H-MRS at the prefrontal cortex and amygdala regions.The total cumulative in haled heroin dose was (852±341) g in HD.Ratios of N-acetylaspartate/creatine(NAA/Cr) and choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) were respectively measured in the prefrontal cortex and bilateral amygdale regions.The student's t test and the linear correlation were employed for statistical analysis.Results Compared to HC group, HD patients had a significant lower ratio of NAA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (1.44±0.46 vs 1.50±0.75, t=1.77 ,P <0.05), left amygdala region (1.32±0.08 vs 1.42±0.08, t=3.41, P < 0.05), and right amygdala region (1.34±0.09 vs 1.44±0.10, t=2.63, P <0.05), the HD patients had a significant increased ratio of Cho/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (0.92±0.06 vs 0.86±0.08, t=2.31, P < 0.05), left amygdala region (1.20+0.12 vs 1.07±0.04, t=3.60,P<0.05) and right amygdala region(1.26±0.15 vs 1.12±0.11,t=2.60,P <0.05).There was a negative linear correlation between the total cumulative inhaled heroine dose and the ratio of NKA/Cr in the prefrontal cortex (r=-0.9159, P < 0.01), left amygdala region (r=-0.8756, P < 0.01), and right amygdala region (r=-0.9399, P < 0.01) respectively.Conclusions The study indicates that neuronal damage and glial proliferation may occur in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala region, which suggests the abnormalities of executive function and emotion in patients with HD.A relationship exists between the heroin-induced metabolic abnormality and the total cumulative dose of inhaled heroine.     

现代医学影像学QA QC体系的探讨

本文通过对系统及系统工程的阐述,以及对系统工程中系统论、信息论、控制论的分析,指出了系统观念在现代医学影像学管理与控制中的作用、影响及意义。并着重分析了如何在系统论、信息论、控制论指导下完成对现代医学影像学的综合管理与控制,做到人尽其才、物尽其用,发挥整体优势,避免各种相关资源的损失和浪费。     

短期戒断的海洛因成瘾者大脑白质完整性的DTI研究

目的运用弥散张量成像(Diffusion Tensor Imagine,DTI)方法观察短期戒断的海洛因成瘾者与正常被试之间的大脑白质完整性的差异,探讨短期戒断的海洛因成瘾者大脑白质微结构改变的特征。材料与方法 25名短期戒断的海洛因成瘾者(HA组)与20名健康对照(HN组)参加本研究。采用GE3.0T磁共振扫描仪进行DTI数据采集,组间各向异性分数(fractional anisotropy,FA)比较采用TBSS方法,组间人口学统计、组间径向弥散(Radial Diffusivty,RD)值和轴向弥散(Axial Diffusivty,AD)值比较采用SPSS13.0软件中的两样本t检验。HA组FA值、AD值和RD值分别与戒断时间、海洛因总时间、海洛因总剂量之间作偏相关分析。结果与HN组相比,HA组多个脑区FA值降低,主要包括胼胝体膝部、胼胝体体部、双侧前辐射冠、左侧后辐射冠、右侧上辐射冠(P0.01,TFCE及FWE校正)。存在FA值差异的脑区内和HN组相比,HA组显示AD值升高,RD值降低(P0.01)。未发现FA值升高区域。HA组FA值、AD值和RD值与戒断时间、海洛因总时间、海洛因总剂量之间无明显相关关系。结论短期戒断的海洛因成瘾者大脑白质多个区域白质微结构损伤,其病理特征可能包括髓鞘损伤和轴索异常改变,损伤区域主要涉及奖赏、认知控制等相关脑区,这可能是短时间戒断的海洛因成瘾者高复吸率的神经生物基础之一。