微波和足叶乙甙诱导K562细胞的凋亡

目的：探讨微波和足叶乙甙体外诱导Ｋ５６２细胞凋亡和可能性及其机制。方法：将微波和足叶乙甙分别单位以及联合作用于正常骨髓细胞和Ｋ５６２细胞株,通过细胞凋亡率和ｂｃｌ－２和ｐ２１＾ｒａｓ蛋白阳性率的测定来评价细胞凋亡的程度并研究其机制。结果：微波和足叶乙甙各自都能诱导正常骨髓细胞和Ｋ５６２细胞的少量凋亡,两者联合作用所诱导的细胞凋亡率较之于足叶乙甙有显著性增加（Ｐ〈０．０５）,其中Ｋ５６２细胞凋亡率的     

血管内皮生长因子受体KDR表达情况检测

目的：检测血管内皮生长因子受体KDR在不同肿瘤细胞和组织中的表达情况。方法：采用细胞酶联免疫和免疫组化法，利用抗KDR单克隆抗体，检测KDR在不同肿瘤细胞和组织表面的表达情况。结果：发现KDR在人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721和人胚胎脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)表面表达阳性，在人正常细胞Wish细胞和人平滑肌细胞表面表达呈阴性。在乳腺癌组织的血管内皮细胞表达阳性，而在乳腺炎和膀胱癌组织的血管内皮细胞表达呈阴性。结论：KDR的特异性表达，可为肿瘤的靶向治疗提供一个很好的靶位点。     

Relationship between fluorodeoxyglucose uptake and overexpression of glucose transport protein 1 and hexokinase-Ⅱ in early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Objective To discuss the molecular mechanism of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in tumor and to assess its value to identify pathologic type and cancer staging in patients with earlystage nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Forty patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma of early-stage,including 12 cases with T1 stage and 28 cases with T2 stage, underwent FDG PET imaging.The maximum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax ) and mean standardized uptake value ( SUVmean ) of FDG uptake of each patient were measured and compared between T1 and T2 stage by t-test.The expression of glucose transport protein 1 ( Glut1 ) and hexokinase- Ⅱ ( HK- Ⅱ ) of each case was measured in paraffin sections by streptavidin-perosidase (SP) immunohistochemistry.The positive expression rate of Glut1 and HK- Ⅱ was calculated and compared between T1 and T2 by x2 test.Meanwhile, the correlation between the expression of Glut1 or HK-Ⅱ and the SUVmax was tested by Pearson analysis.Results The SUVmax and SUVmean in 40 patients were 9.45 ± 1.87 and 6.04 ± 1.09, respectively.The SUVmax of patients with T1 stage (8.95 ± 1.91 ) was significantly lower (t =4.46, P＜0.001 ) than that of patients with T2 stage (11.55 ± 1.70), and the SUVmean of patients with T1 stage (5.61 ± 1.08) was significantly lower ( t = 6.76, P ＜ 0.001 ) than that of patients with T2 stage (7.98 ± 1.10) too.Among 40 patients, all patients showed positive expression of Glut1 and HK-Ⅱ , and the positive expression rate of Glut1 and HK-Ⅱ was ( 45.2 ± 10.9 )% and ( 68.3 ±9.5)%, respectively.The positive expression rate of Glut1 was (38.4 ±8.1)% in T1 stage and (49.7 ±12.6)% in T2 stage, which displayed no difference (x2 =40.58, P＞0.05), but the HK-Ⅱ positive expression rate showed significant difference (x2 =58.71, P＜0.05) between T1 stage (60.1 ±11.1)% and T2 stage (77.9 ± 14.7 )%.The correlation analysis indicated that there was low-degree positive correlation (r =0.369, P=0.019) between the SUVmax and Glut1 expression, and there was medium-degree positive correlation (r = 0.549, P = 0.001 ) between the SUVmax and HK-Ⅱ expression.Conclusion Expression of Glut1 and HK-Ⅱ was positively correlated with FDG uptake in patients with early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma.     

早期鼻咽癌血管内皮细胞生长因子表达与肿瘤组织18F-FDG摄取的关系

目的 研究早期鼻咽癌组织血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达及肿瘤组织~(18)F-FDG摄取的情况,并探讨早期鼻咽癌组织VEGF表达与~(18)F-FDG摄取的关系.方法 对40例I,II期鼻咽癌患者进行正电子发射体层显像检查,测定鼻咽原发灶肿瘤组织的~(18)F-FDG最大摄取值和标准摄取值(SUV_(max)和SUV_(mean)),应用标准链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶亲和免疫组化法检测40例患者肿瘤组织VEGF的表达.结果 40例早期鼻咽癌组织的SUV_(max)>与SUV_(mean)分别为9.45±1.87和6.04±1.09,T_1期肿瘤原发灶SUV_(max)与SUV_(mean)分别为8.95±1.91和5.61±1.08,T_2期的原发灶SUV_(max)与SUV_(mean)分别为11.55±1.70和7.98±1.1,T_2期原发灶SUV_(max)和SUV_(mean)高于T_1期(t=4.46,P<0.001;t=6.763,P<0.001).非角化分化型肿瘤原发灶SUV_(max)与SUV_(mean)分别为9.74±1.82和6.82±1.23,非角化未分化型肿瘤原发灶SUV_(max)与SUV_(mean)分别为10.44±2.16和6.68±1.35,非角化分化型和非角化未分化型肿瘤原发灶SUV_(max)和SUV_(mean)无差别(t=1.230,P>0.05;t=0.346,P>0.05).40例鼻明癌组织VEGF染色阳性细胞率为60.8%;鼻咽癌组织FDG摄取(SUV_(max))和VEGF表达的细胞阳性率相关(r=0.460,P=0.03).结论 早期鼻咽癌组织FDG摄取与肿瘤组织VEGF过度表达相关,其SUV值反映了鼻咽癌组织的葡萄糖代谢情况,同时也在一定程度上反映了肿瘤组织乏氧的程度.

Abstract：

Objective To study the overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and evaluate their relationship. Methods FDG positron emission tomography (PET) was performed in forty patients with stage I and stage II NPC. The maximum and mean standard uptake values (SUV_(max) and SUV_(mean) ,respectively) were measured in each patient, and the expression of VEGF was measured on paraffin sections using immunohistochemistry. Results The FDG uptake in the patients were 9.45±1.87 (SUV_(max)) and 6.04±1.09 (SUV_(mean)), 8.95±1.91 (SUV_(max)) and 6.04±1.09 (SUV_(mean)) in stage I patients, and 11.55±1.70 (SUV_(max)) and 7.98±1.1 (SUV_(mean)) in stage II patients. The FDG uptake of stage II patients was higher than that of stage I patients. The FDG uptake of non-keratinizing differentiated carcinoma was 9.74±1.82 (SUV_(max)) and 6.82±1.23 (SUV_(mean)) and 10.44±2.16 (SUV_(max)) and 6.68±1.35 (SUV_(mean)) in non-keratinizing undifferentiated carcinoma, showing no significant differences between them (SUV_(max): t=1.230, P>0.05; SUV_(mean): t=0.346, P>0.05). The VEGF-positive cells were 60.80% in the tumor. A correlation between VEGF expression and FDG uptake in he tumor was noted (r=0.460, P=0.03). Conclusion VEGF overexpression is correlated to FDG uptake in patients with early-stage NPC. The SUV value reflects the glucose metabolism of NPC, and also shows the degree of oxygen insufficiency in the tumor tissue.     

早期鼻咽癌18F-FDG摄取与葡萄糖转运蛋白1及已糖激酶-Ⅱ过度表达的关系

目的 测定并分析早期鼻咽癌18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）摄取与肿瘤组织葡萄糖转运蛋白1（Glut1）及己糖激酶-Ⅱ（HK-Ⅱ）的表达,以探讨鼻咽癌组织摄取FDG的分子机制及其与肿瘤病理类型和分期的相关性.方法 40例早期鼻咽癌患者（T1期12例,T2期28例）行PET检查,测定病灶最大标准摄取值（SUVmax）及平均标准摄取值（SUVmean） 行鼻咽部肿瘤活组织检查,并采用免疫组织化学法测定其Glut1及HK-Ⅱ表达,计算阳性细胞百分率.T1与T2期患者SUVmax或SUVmean间的差异采用t检验,Glut1及HK-Ⅱ表达阳性率差异采用x2检验,SUVmax与Glut1和HK-Ⅱ表达间的关系采用Pearson相关分析.结果 40例患者SUVmax与SUVmean分别为9.45±1.87和6.04±1.09.T1期分别为8.95±1.91和5.61±1.08,T2期分别为11.55±1.70和7.98±1.10,T1期与T2期相比原发灶SUVmax（t=4.46,P＜0.001）及SUVmean（t=6.76,P＜0.001）差异均有统计学意义.40例早期鼻咽癌患者Glut1及HK-Ⅱ染色均为阳性,阳性细胞率分别为（45.2±10.9）%与（68.3±9.5）%.其中Glut1阳性细胞率在T1期和T2期分别为（38.4±8.1）%与（49.7±12.6）%,两者差异无统计学意义（x2=40.58,P＞0.05）,而HK-Ⅱ阳性细胞率在T1期与T2期分别为（60.1±11.1）%与（77.9±14.7）%,差异有统计学意义（x2=58.71,P＜0.05））.SUVmax与Glut1表达阳性细胞率呈低度正相关（r=0.369,P=0.019）,与HK-Ⅱ表达阳性细胞率呈中度正相关（r=0.549,P=0.001）.结论 早期鼻咽癌组织FDG摄取与Glut1过度表达相关.     

人鼻咽上皮超微结构观察

目的 观察人鼻咽上皮类型及超微结构特点,探讨鼻咽癌的细胞起源及组织学分型。方法 光镜及电镜观察６２例取自成人鼻咽顶部及侧壁的粘膜。结果 鼻咽癌好发部位主要为假复层纤毛柱状上皮,其次为化生而成的复层鳞状上皮。鼻咽上皮的基底细胞具有相同的超微结构特点。结论 在某些致癌因素作用下,这些基底细胞或者恶变为角化癌,或者恶变为非角化癌（低分化鳞癌和未分化癌）,偶而形成腺癌。     

人血管生长素在小肠组织的表达及其抑菌活性

目的 检测人血管生长素(angiogenin,ANG)在小肠组织中的表达及体外抑菌活性.方法 免疫组织化学方法检测ANG在人小肠组织中的表达;菌落计数法检测ANG抑菌活性.结果 ANG免疫组化结果显示人小肠肠隐窝基底部颗粒丰富的潘氏细胞呈强阳性,体外抑菌实验表明ANG对白色念珠菌有抑菌活性.结论 ANG可能在人小肠黏膜先天免疫和维护正常菌群平衡中起着一定作用.     

伴有石棉样纤维的脑膜瘤一例

伴有石棉样纤维的脑膜瘤一例陈炳旭周本成罗祝泉赖晃文杨传红患者女，５５岁。右侧肢体麻木、乏力１个月。头颅ＣＴ示左额颞区肿瘤。临床诊断：脑膜瘤。术中见左额颞部１０ｃｍ×８ｃｍ×７ｃｍ肿物，灰白色，质软，边界清楚。病理检查：光镜观察瘤细胞呈现上皮细胞型脑膜...     

血管成形术后I型胶原的动态演变及其调控机制

目的　探讨血管成形术后Ⅰ型胶原的动态演变规律及其与MMP 1和TIMP 1的关系。方法　采用小型猪髂动脉再狭窄动物模型 ,分别在血管成形术后 1、2、3和 6个月取材 ,用免疫组化、透射电镜加图象分析技术观察血管内膜增生、平滑肌细胞 (VSMC)表型特征、Ⅰ型胶原、MMP 1和TIMP 1的表达情况。结果　血管内膜增生在成形术后 3个月达高峰 ,Ⅰ型胶原的表达水平在成形术后逐渐增高 ,MMP 1的表达水平在血管成形术后早期较低 ,至 6个月时达正常血管水平 ,而TIMP 1在血管成形术后早期即明显增高 ,在 3个月内达高峰 ,6个月时仍稳定在较高水平 ;VSMC表型在早期主要是增生型 ,而后期以收缩型为主 ;TIMP 1/MMP 1的比值与新生内膜面积及Ⅰ型胶原的表达水平均呈显著正相关 (r=0 6 5 ,P <0 0 1)。结论　血管成形术后细胞外Ⅰ型胶原随着时间的推移而逐渐增加 ,Ⅰ型胶原的动态演变主要取决于TIMP 1/MMP 1的活性比值并与VSMC表型特征有一定的联系。     

重组人生长激素对中性粒细胞凋亡和存活的影响

目的:研究重组人生长激素(rhG)对有(或)无H LPS刺激的离体培养中性粒细胞(PM N s)凋亡和存活的影响。方法:采健康人外周静脉血,血浆-Percoll不连续密度梯度离心法分离出PM N s,分为4组:对照组,rhG H(100ng/m L)组,LPS100ng/m L组,LPS100ng/m L刺激1h后加rhG H100ng/m L组,离体培养3h和24h上流式细胞仪检测PM N s的凋亡(A nnexin V法)。结果:无LPS刺激状态下,rhG H可引起PM N s早期凋亡率减少、存活率增加,但不影响晚期凋亡/死亡率;有LPS刺激状态下,rhG H不影响PM N s早期凋亡率、晚期凋亡/死亡率和存活率,而且可能对LPS对PM N s刺激有一定阻抑作用。结论:无LPS刺激状态下,rhG H可延迟PM N s凋亡、增强PM N s活力;与LPS共同孵育时,rhG H不影响PM N s凋亡和活力,且对LPS对PM N s的刺激有一定阻抑的作用。