新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下儿童口腔科应急护理管理

文章从安排诊疗分区,设置护理单元岗位责任制,细化医护人员防护措施,管理儿童患者的陪同人员,落实儿童患者及其家属居家护理宣教方面,概括了青岛市口腔医院的儿童口腔应急护理管理方法,为开展新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下,儿童口腔科的防护与救治工作提供借鉴。     

超声引导下连续髂筋膜间隙阻滞用于老年髋部骨折患者围术期镇痛的研究

目的:研究超声引导下髂筋膜间隙阻滞对老年髋部骨折患者围手术期疼痛控制及术后并发症的影响。方法:选择2021年1月至2021年9月收治的老年髋部骨折手术患者127例,按照镇痛方法不同分为连续髂筋膜间隙阻滞组(F组)和静脉镇痛对照组(C组)。其中F组62例,男19例,女43例;年龄66~95(82.4±7.2)岁;股骨颈骨折25例,股骨转子间骨折37例。C组65例,男18例,女47例;年龄65~94(81.4±8.7)岁;股骨颈骨折29例,股骨转子间骨折36例。观察两组患者围术期不同时间点的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、简易精神状态评价量表(minimental state examination,MMSE)评分、警觉-镇静评分(observer''s assessment of alertness/sedation,OAA/S)、改良Bromage评分、术后并发症及患者住院期间情况。结果:F组实施阻滞后30 min、麻醉摆放体位时,术后6、24、48 h的静息及运动VAS低于C组(P<0.05)。F组术前12 h,术后1、3 d的MMSE评分及术后3 d的OAA/S评分高于C组(P<0.05)。F组不良反应发生率、需要额外镇痛人数低于C组(P<0.05)。F组围术期镇痛满意度及住院时间均优于C组(P<0.05)。两组患者在各时间点患肢Bromage评分及术后30 d死亡率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:超声引导下连续髂筋膜间隙阻滞可为老年髋部骨折患者提供安全、有效的围术期镇痛效果,改善术后认知功能,减少术后并发症,从而缩短住院时间,提高住院期间生活质量。     

花瓶之梦

非常渴望家里有几只花瓶,恬静而典雅地置放在地板或木柜上。瓷面细腻的回光里,花影相投,待定神细看时便逼出一种自然的真实来,如再插上几朵鲜花,便有将心比心的味道了。我曾多次留连在百货大楼的陶瓷柜台前,看每一只花瓶形神兼备的样子,便忍不住伸手抚摸那上面精致妩媚的青龙紫凤和金枝玉叶,伸直了五指轻拍几下,那里面发出空空旷旷的清越之音,再一看纸牌上的标价,着实吓了一跳,便速速收回了侈奢之心,不再他     

乳腺癌乳房再造术后患者创伤后成长体验的质性研究

目的 深入了解乳腺癌乳房再造术后患者创伤后成长的真实体验,为开展针对性护理干预提供参考。方法 采用现象学研究法,以目的抽样法联合滚雪球抽样法选取12例乳腺癌乳房再造术后患者作为研究对象,以面对面或电话访谈形式进行半结构式深入访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行归纳分析并提炼主题。结果 共提炼出自我反思、自我重塑(人生价值观的改变、个人力量增强、对疾病认识由消极转变为积极)、自我实现(积极心理、有效应对、利他行为)3个主题及6个亚主题。结论 乳腺癌乳房再造术后患者在对抗逆境的过程中能体验到创伤后成长,并呈现出积极自我变化。临床医护人员应关注患者的积极体验,激发患者积极力量,促进患者心理健康。     

RGD多肽接枝聚复合导管桥接神经缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨RGD多肽接枝聚/β-TCP/PLA复合神经导管桥接周围神经缺损的治疗效果.方法 45只雄性成年Wister大鼠,随机分为3组,每组15只.切断右侧坐骨神经形成10 mm缺损,A组采用单纯PLA神经导管桥接缺损,B组采用RGD多肽接枝聚/β-TCP/PLA复合神经导管桥接缺损,C组采用自体神经移植.术后12周进行大体观察、电生理、小腿三头肌恢复率、组织学、超微结构等测定.结果 B组运动神经传导速度和肌肉湿重恢复率明显优于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组与C组相近,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).组织学、超微结构测定发现B、C组神经再生情况明显优于A组.结论 在坐骨神经损伤修复中,RGD多肽接枝聚/β-TCP/PLA复合神经导管桥接修复效果与自体神经移植相近,可作为一种较理想的神经缺损修复材料.     

RGD多肽接枝聚复合导管桥接神经缺损的实验研究

Objective To investigate the effect of RGD peptide conjugated poly[ LA-(Glc-Lys) ]/βTCP/PLA nerve conduit for bridging peripheral nerve regeneration defect. Methods Forty-five male Wister rots were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 15 rats each. A 10 mm defect was created in the right sciatic nerve. In group A the gap was bridged by PLA tube. In group B RGD peptide conjugated poly[ LA-(Glc-Lys) ]/β-TCP/PLA nerve conduit was used to repair the defect. Autologous nerve graft was done in group C which served as control. Twelve weeks postoperatively nerve regeneration was evaluated by gross observation,electrophysiology, muscle weight and muscle morphometry of triceps surae, and ultrastructure of the regenerating nerve. Results Twelve weeks after the operation, nerve conduction velocity and muscle weight recovery of group B were better than those of group A. The differences were statistically significant( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between group B and group C ( P > 0. 05). The results of histology and ultrastructure showed that nerve regeneration in group B and group C was significantly superior to that in group A.Conclusion RGD peptide conjugated poly[LA-(Glc-Lys)]/β-TCP/PLA conduit can achieve similar results in repairing sciatic nerve defect to that of autogentic nerve graft. It may be an ideal material to repair nerve defect.     

粉底画皮

很小的时候看过电影《画皮》,面目狰狞的女鬼画了一张艳丽的人脸,于是迷住了书生王生。王生爱的是那张画皮,最后被女鬼吃了心,还不知道自己被美貌所害。很多人被王生妻的贤良感动,我却只记住了那女鬼的画皮。我也有我的画皮——粉底。几乎没有女子不用粉     

终池闭式引流置换脑脊液治疗蛛网膜下腔出血患者的护理

对30例蛛网膜下腔出血患者采用深静脉导管终池置入进行闭式循环引流置换脑脊液。结果置管时间为4～8d，无1例发生继发性颅内感染及脑疝等并发症。治愈20例，好转6例，无效4例，其中1例因再出血病情加重死亡，总有效率86．7％。提出术前做好患者心理护理，术中准确传递所需用物，术后密切观察病情变化，严格控制脑脊液引流速度和置换速度，做好引流管护理，可促进颅内积血消散，改善患者预后。     

RGD多肽接枝聚复合导管桥接神经缺损的实验研究

Objective To investigate the effect of RGD peptide conjugated poly[ LA-(Glc-Lys) ]/βTCP/PLA nerve conduit for bridging peripheral nerve regeneration defect. Methods Forty-five male Wister rots were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 15 rats each. A 10 mm defect was created in the right sciatic nerve. In group A the gap was bridged by PLA tube. In group B RGD peptide conjugated poly[ LA-(Glc-Lys) ]/β-TCP/PLA nerve conduit was used to repair the defect. Autologous nerve graft was done in group C which served as control. Twelve weeks postoperatively nerve regeneration was evaluated by gross observation,electrophysiology, muscle weight and muscle morphometry of triceps surae, and ultrastructure of the regenerating nerve. Results Twelve weeks after the operation, nerve conduction velocity and muscle weight recovery of group B were better than those of group A. The differences were statistically significant( P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between group B and group C ( P > 0. 05). The results of histology and ultrastructure showed that nerve regeneration in group B and group C was significantly superior to that in group A.Conclusion RGD peptide conjugated poly[LA-(Glc-Lys)]/β-TCP/PLA conduit can achieve similar results in repairing sciatic nerve defect to that of autogentic nerve graft. It may be an ideal material to repair nerve defect.     

麻醉方式对椎体后凸成形术疗效影响的比较研究

目的评估2种不同麻醉方式对经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)疗效的影响。方法本组OVCF 86例(110椎),随机分成2组:A组43例(54椎),男12例,女31例,年龄56~76岁,平均65.8岁。胸腰段后凸17°~39°(25.5°±6.4°),局麻下行PKP。B组43例(56椎),男12例,女31例,年龄58~78岁,平均67.4岁。胸腰段后凸19°~36°(27.6°±5.9°),全麻下行PKP。术前骨密度检查示,均存在中、重度骨质疏松。两组手术由同一组医师完成,术后均予密盖息行抗骨质疏松治疗。比较2组手术前后椎体前、中份高度,脊柱后凸角度,术中神经并发症发生率,骨水泥渗漏率,术中出血量,主观满意度(VAS评分),手术时间,住院时间等指标。评估2种麻醉方法对PKP疗效的影响。结果两组年龄、性别构成,术前胸腰段后凸角度无统计学差异(P0.05)。术前A组椎体前、中份高度分别为原高度的(58.2±15.3)%和(53.4±18.5)%,术后为(83.2±22.4)%和(76.3±24.3)%(P0.01)。术前B组椎体前、中份高度分别为原高度的(56.5±16.3)%和(54.6±17.2)%,术后为(88.3±20.7)%和(83.5±21.6)%(P0.01)。B组椎体复位效果优于A组(P0.05)。A组后凸矫正至术后的17.5°±6.3°(P0.01)。B组后凸矫正至术后的13.2°±6.8°(P0.01)。B组后凸改善优于A组(P0.05)。A组无1例发生神经并发症,骨水泥渗漏4椎(7.4%),手术时间(32.5±7.5)min/椎,住院时间(5.2±1.6)d,术中出血量(26.5±4.3)ml,术前VAS评分(8.5±2.3)分,术后2 d降低到(2.4±1.3)分。B组发生神经并发症2例(4.7%),骨水泥渗漏4椎(7.1%),手术时间(42.3±8.2)min/椎,住院时间(7.1±2.1)d,术中出血量(27.2±5.2)ml,术前VAS评分(8.3±2.5)分,术后2 d降低到(2.5±1.5)分。B组神经并发症,手术时间、住院时间均高于A组(P0.05)。术中出血量、骨水泥渗漏率、主观满意度与A组相比无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论全麻下行PKP与局麻相比,前者可获得更为满意的椎体复位效果,但神经并发症发生风险较后者增多,且手术、住院时间延长。术中出血量、骨水泥渗漏率、主观满意度与后者相似。