Caspase 3活性改变对急性胰腺炎中性粒细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨AP模型中Caspase3活性改变对急性胰腺炎中性粒细胞(PMN)凋亡的影响。方法:SD大鼠90只,随机分为3组,每组30只,分别建立大鼠急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)、水肿型胰腺炎(AEP)及对照组模型,按随机原则在制模后0h、3h、6h、12h、24h分期分批处死大鼠,抽取大鼠下腔静脉血分离中性粒细胞,通过流式细胞仪检测PMN凋亡情况,用荧光染色法测定外周血中PMN的caspase3活性。结果:ANP组PMN凋亡率明显降低,至术后24h降至1.87±0.41;AEP组PMN凋亡率则明显升高,术后12h达到峰值(12.33±0.41),其后稍下降,至24h降至11.30±0.60;对照组PMN凋亡维持在6.30±6.57水平。各时相点组间比较,0hPMN凋亡率差异不明显(P>0.05),3h、6h、12h、24hANP组PMN凋亡率低于AEP组(P<0.05)。caspase活性在ANP组术后3h升高后即逐步下降,在AEP组则持续升高,至12h达到峰值(154.17±6.94)。各时相点组间比较除0h外均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:ANP组外周循环中的中性粒细胞凋亡明显降低,而AEP组外周循环中的中性粒细胞则存在较多的凋亡。提示急性胰腺炎的转归与循环中性粒细胞功能密切相关,caspase3作为凋亡的关键酶类,其活性改变可反映中性粒细胞的凋亡情况及急性胰腺炎的进展情况。     

头颈部肿瘤介入术后并发严重并发症二例

随着介入诊疗技术的发展,血管介入作为一种成熟的治疗手段,在多种疾病治疗中发挥重要作用。头颈部血管介入治疗具有效果显著、微创、见效快等优点,但因头颈解剖结构复杂,周围组织对血氧耐受差,头颈部介入手术与全身其他部位相比风险大,并发症致死、致残率高。本文通过回顾遂宁市中心医院头颈部肿瘤介入术后出现的2例动脉栓塞并发症,初步分析头颈部血管介入治疗的相关危险因素及预防措施。     

四逆散对应激性抑郁大鼠血清IL-1β及海马组织5-HT水平的影响

目的:观察四逆散对应激性抑郁模型大鼠血清白细胞介素1β(interleukin,IL-1β)、海马组织五羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)含量变化,探讨四逆散对抑郁症的影响.方法:选择50只SD大鼠,按随机数字表法分为空白组,模型组,四逆散高、低剂量组,氟西汀组,每组10只.除空白组外,其余组均...     

置管溶栓术在下肢深静脉血栓治疗中的应用评价

目的探讨置管溶栓术在下肢深静脉血栓治疗中的应用价值,以期为下肢深静脉血栓治疗方法的选择提供参考。方法选取40例急性下肢深静脉血栓患者,均为混合型或中央型,将患者按照随机抽样法分为置管溶栓组与对照组各20例,两组均给予低分子肝素抗凝治疗,置管溶栓组在超声引导下行患侧腘静脉置管溶栓治疗,对照组经患侧足背静脉溶栓治疗,溶栓药物均为尿激酶,观察治疗疗效及并发症发生情况。结果置管溶栓组疼痛消失时间、肿胀消失时间、住院时间及尿激酶使用总量疗效短于(低于)对照组(P<0.05),治疗7 d时置管溶栓组治疗总有效率为100.00%,对照组为65.00%,置管溶栓组治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);置管溶栓组并发症发生率为25.00%,对照组溶并发症发生率为5.00%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院后3个月随访,置管溶栓组深静脉通畅率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),但深静脉瓣膜功能保存率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论置管溶栓术治疗下肢深静脉血栓能在短期内血栓所致的堵塞症状,有利于缩短病程,近期及中期治疗效果明显优于外周静脉溶栓治疗,但置管溶栓术治疗增加了深静脉瓣膜功能受损概率。     

静脉留置针输液过程中的常见问题分析与护理对策

目的：总结静脉留置针输液过程的常见问题,制定针对性护理对策。方法：选取本院住院期间应用静脉留置针进行输液治疗的120例患者,观察静脉留置针的留置时间、穿刺部位、液体性质、封管液及封管方式与常见问题的关系。结果：静脉炎发生率,静脉留置针留置5 d以上（55%）明显高于5 d以内;以关节活动部位为穿刺点明显高于非关节部位;静滴等渗液体明显低于静滴高渗液体,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。关节部位的留置针发生液体渗漏的机会明显高于非关节活动部位;采用0.9%氯化钠注射液+肝素盐水稀释液进行封管,其发生留置针导管堵塞的机会明显低于单用;采用正压封管的患者,其留置针导管堵塞的发生率明显低于采用负压封管,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：正确选择穿刺部位、熟练运用穿刺技术、合理应用封管方式能够最大限度地降低静脉留置针输液过程中的问题发生率。     

腹腔镜与开腹直肠癌全直肠系膜切除治疗直肠癌临床效果对照研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜和开腹直肠癌全直肠系膜切除术(TME)在治疗直肠癌中的临床效果.方法 我院2009年1月～2011年1月来我院进行直肠癌手术的85例患者,随机分别进行开腹组42例和腹腔镜组43例,两组均采用全直肠系膜切除术,随访12个月观察两组患者临床效果.结果 腹腔镜组手术时间明显高于开腹组患者,差异具有明显的统计学意义(P＞0.05),腹腔镜组患者术中出血量,肛门排气时间,住院天数,术后下床活动时间,导尿管留置时间等均明显低于开腹组,差异具有明显的统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组患者尿不尽感,尿急,排尿断续,尿流无力,局部复发率,1年生存率及1年远处转移率,两组患者比例差异两组无明显的统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 腹腔镜TME和开腹TME治疗直肠癌的疗效相同,但是腹腔镜TME具有创伤小,术后恢复快等优势.     

移植物局部Th1和Th2型细胞因子在猪胰肾联合移植门脉和体静脉回流术式的表达及其意义

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of local Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the grafts of pig simultaneous pancreas-kidney with portal versus systemic venous drainage. Methods Fifty-eight non-related and first hybrid landraces were divided into Sham (n = 10), PE (portal-enteric drainage) (n =24) and SE ( systemic-enteric drainage) (n =24) groups. Type 1 diabetic mellitus was induced by whole pancreatectomy ,and right-side nephrectomy was also performed in the recipients. The pigs in sham group were only subjected to ]aparotomy. The portal vein was anastomosed to superior mesenteric vein of the recipient in PE group or to the inferior hepatic cava of the recipients in SE group. The tissues of the graft pancreas and kidney were obtained by surgery for detecting the expression of mRNA and protein of IFN-γand IL4 by RT-PCR and ELISA on the day 3,and 7 after transplantation. Results Compared with sham group,the local expression of mRNA and protein of IFN in the graft pancreas and kidney of both SE and PE groups was significantly up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ( On the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups :in the graft pancreas, [ (3.36±0.25 ), (7.72±0.67 ), and ( 6.52±0.34 ) pg/mg protein ];in the graft kidney, [ ( 3.66±0.28 ), ( 10.83±1.48 ), and (7.79±0.60) pg/mg protein ]. The local expression of mRNA and protein of IL-4 was significantly up-regulated in PE group (P < 0.05 ), but down-regulated or no expression was detected in group SE (on the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups:in the graft pancreas, [ (7.18±0.16), (6.10±0.16) ,and (20.66±1.47) pg/mg protein];in the graft kidney, [ (5.74±0.48) ,(10.38±0.92) ,and ( 19.66±1.57) pg/mg protein]. Conclusion That the blood flow of graft pancreas passes by liver in SPK with PVD can induce a Th1 to Th2 inmaune shift. This may be one of mechanisms of immunologic benefits of PVD.     

移植物局部Th1和Th2型细胞因子在猪胰肾联合移植门脉和体静脉回流术式的表达及其意义

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of local Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the grafts of pig simultaneous pancreas-kidney with portal versus systemic venous drainage. Methods Fifty-eight non-related and first hybrid landraces were divided into Sham (n = 10), PE (portal-enteric drainage) (n =24) and SE ( systemic-enteric drainage) (n =24) groups. Type 1 diabetic mellitus was induced by whole pancreatectomy ,and right-side nephrectomy was also performed in the recipients. The pigs in sham group were only subjected to ]aparotomy. The portal vein was anastomosed to superior mesenteric vein of the recipient in PE group or to the inferior hepatic cava of the recipients in SE group. The tissues of the graft pancreas and kidney were obtained by surgery for detecting the expression of mRNA and protein of IFN-γand IL4 by RT-PCR and ELISA on the day 3,and 7 after transplantation. Results Compared with sham group,the local expression of mRNA and protein of IFN in the graft pancreas and kidney of both SE and PE groups was significantly up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ( On the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups :in the graft pancreas, [ (3.36±0.25 ), (7.72±0.67 ), and ( 6.52±0.34 ) pg/mg protein ];in the graft kidney, [ ( 3.66±0.28 ), ( 10.83±1.48 ), and (7.79±0.60) pg/mg protein ]. The local expression of mRNA and protein of IL-4 was significantly up-regulated in PE group (P < 0.05 ), but down-regulated or no expression was detected in group SE (on the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups:in the graft pancreas, [ (7.18±0.16), (6.10±0.16) ,and (20.66±1.47) pg/mg protein];in the graft kidney, [ (5.74±0.48) ,(10.38±0.92) ,and ( 19.66±1.57) pg/mg protein]. Conclusion That the blood flow of graft pancreas passes by liver in SPK with PVD can induce a Th1 to Th2 inmaune shift. This may be one of mechanisms of immunologic benefits of PVD.     

移植物局部Th1和Th2型细胞因子在猪胰肾联合移植门脉和体静脉回流术式的表达及其意义

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of local Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the grafts of pig simultaneous pancreas-kidney with portal versus systemic venous drainage. Methods Fifty-eight non-related and first hybrid landraces were divided into Sham (n = 10), PE (portal-enteric drainage) (n =24) and SE ( systemic-enteric drainage) (n =24) groups. Type 1 diabetic mellitus was induced by whole pancreatectomy ,and right-side nephrectomy was also performed in the recipients. The pigs in sham group were only subjected to ]aparotomy. The portal vein was anastomosed to superior mesenteric vein of the recipient in PE group or to the inferior hepatic cava of the recipients in SE group. The tissues of the graft pancreas and kidney were obtained by surgery for detecting the expression of mRNA and protein of IFN-γand IL4 by RT-PCR and ELISA on the day 3,and 7 after transplantation. Results Compared with sham group,the local expression of mRNA and protein of IFN in the graft pancreas and kidney of both SE and PE groups was significantly up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ( On the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups :in the graft pancreas, [ (3.36±0.25 ), (7.72±0.67 ), and ( 6.52±0.34 ) pg/mg protein ];in the graft kidney, [ ( 3.66±0.28 ), ( 10.83±1.48 ), and (7.79±0.60) pg/mg protein ]. The local expression of mRNA and protein of IL-4 was significantly up-regulated in PE group (P < 0.05 ), but down-regulated or no expression was detected in group SE (on the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups:in the graft pancreas, [ (7.18±0.16), (6.10±0.16) ,and (20.66±1.47) pg/mg protein];in the graft kidney, [ (5.74±0.48) ,(10.38±0.92) ,and ( 19.66±1.57) pg/mg protein]. Conclusion That the blood flow of graft pancreas passes by liver in SPK with PVD can induce a Th1 to Th2 inmaune shift. This may be one of mechanisms of immunologic benefits of PVD.