胰岛素泵治疗2型糖尿病的疗效观察

目的观察胰岛素泵治疗2型糖尿病的疗效。方法选取2009年8月—2011年8月于我院就诊的60例2型糖尿病患者,随机分成观察组与对照组,每组各30例。观察组使用胰岛素泵皮下持续进行胰岛素输注,对照组进行常规胰岛素注射治疗。对两组患者治疗前后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖及晚间10时血糖进行对比。结果同组患者实施治疗前后对比,空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖及晚间10时血糖值有明显降低,同组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组患者治疗后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖及晚间10时血糖对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胰岛素泵连续皮下输注胰岛素治疗2型糖尿病是一种方便、有效、安全的血糖控制方法。     

中药黄芪的名实考证

目的:通过对中药黄芪的字义进行考证,以阐明黄芪名实。方法:查阅汉至明清时期的辞书及历代中草药书籍,对黄芪进行字义与名实溯源考证。结果:我国历代本草皆以黄耆为现在中药黄芪的名称,我国现代书籍皆以黄芪字形为名。芪在《说文解字》,《玉篇》,《集韵》,《广韵》,《类篇》,《字汇》中释义为芪母,芪母即指中药知母,而不是指中药黄芪。芪释义为现在中药黄芪始自明代辞书《正字通》,《康熙字典》和《汉语大词典》对芪列有中药黄芪及知母二种释义。明代李中立在其《本草原始》一书中特意指出当时黄耆的耆字书写为芪字是错误的,可见中药黄芪字形名称使用始于明代。耆在历代辞书中释义为长,耆的字义表述了现在中药黄芪的植物形态特征,因此以黄耆为其名称符合我国中草药命名习惯。结论:将古籍文献及历代中草药书籍中包含的本草学内容进行比对,阐明其词义,梳理药物的名实关系,找出中药黄芪名称变化原因,为人们在研究中草药时查阅古籍文献提供参考价值。     

1,25(OH)2D3阻抑UUO大鼠肾间质纤维化的实验研究

肾间质纤维化几乎是所有慢性肾脏疾病进行性发展的共同通路,是导致慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)的病理学基础,寻求其早期可逆因子或防治措施对肾脏疾病转归有重要意义.     

内皮素受体阻断剂与肾脏疾病

肾脏疾病发展涉及到许多炎症介质和细胞因子的相互作用，近来的研究表明内皮素参与肾脏疾病发生和发展。使用内皮素受体阻断剂能改善肾小球滤过率，减轻蛋白尿，延缓肾病的进展和肾间质纤维化。     

Role of Protease Activated Receptor-2 Expression in Renal Interstitial Fibrosis Model in Mice

Summary： The role of protease activated receptor-2 （PAR-2） in the renal tubulointerstitial lesion induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction （UUO） was explored. Mice were sacrificed on the day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 after UUO. The expression of PAR-2 mRNA and protein and a-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） protein in tubuloin,terstitium was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry at each time point, respedtively. The results showed that the PAR-2 expression in renal tubulointerstitium was increased progressively starting from 24 h to the day 14 post-ligation, and it was significantly associated with the relative volume of interstitium and the positive area of α-SMA. PAR-2 was mainly expressed in renal tubule epithelial cells, especially in proximal tubular cells. It also located in renal capillary ansa, interstitial infiltrate cells and fibroblasts. It was concluded that PAR-2 was active in interstitial and tubular cells in the early phase of fibrotic process and played an important role in mediating the tubulointerstitial lesion after UUO.     

Lipids, Lipoproteins and Apolipoproteins Abnormalities inPatients undergoing Dialysis

Patientswithchronicrenalfailureoftenhavehypertriglyceridemiaanddecreasedhigh-densitylipoproteincholesterol(HDL-C)concentrations[l'2].Whilecardiovasculardiseaseisamajorcauseofhighmorbidityandmortalityamongthesepatients['].Somestudiessuggestedthatabnormallipoproteinmetabolismwasoneofthecauses.InChina,fewreportswereavailableonlipids,lipoproteins,especiallyapolipoproteinsmetabolisminpatientsundergoingdialysis.Thepurposeofthisstudyistoobservethelipids,lipoproteinsandapolipoproteins(Apo)levelsinp…     

SGK1在糖尿病小鼠肾脏皮质中时间差异性表达及意义

目的：研究血清和糖皮质激素诱导的蛋白激酶1（serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1,SGK1）在糖尿病（DM）小鼠肾脏皮质中时间上差异性表达及意义。方法: 采用链脲佐菌素（STZ）单次腹腔注射诱导小鼠糖尿病模型。将2月龄C57BL/6小鼠随机分成10组：第1、2、3、4、6、8、12周糖尿病小鼠组（DM₁、DM₂、DM₃、DM₄、DM₆、DM₈、DM₁₂）和相应的第1、4、8周正常对照组（N₁、N₄、N₈）。分别在DM模型制作成功后第1、2、3、4、6、8、12周末收集小鼠24 h尿量，检测24 h尿蛋白量；观察肾脏病理改变；半定量RT-PCR检测小鼠肾脏皮质SGK1及结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）mRNA的表达，Western blotting检测N₄、DM₄、DM₈组皮质SGK1、CTGF蛋白的表达。结果: 随着糖尿病病程的进展，DM组小鼠肾小球体积逐渐增大、系膜区逐渐增宽；DM组小鼠24h尿蛋白从第2周起开始逐渐增多，肾脏皮质SGK1 mRNA表达从第2周开始明显上调，在第４周达到峰值。CTGF随着糖尿病病程的进展表达逐渐递增。结论: SGK1在糖尿病早期肾脏表达峰值的出现及CTGF 持续递增的表达，提示SGK1在糖尿病肾病肾脏纤维化的发生发展过程中起重要作用。     

50例糖尿病与肺结核并发患者的DR影像分析

目的对糖尿病与肺结核并发时肺部不典型的X线表现进行探讨,提高DR早期诊断率。方法查阅病例及电子影像资料进行回顾性分析。结果影像资料显示:肺部实变阴影10例,斑片、斑点状阴影27例,斑片影伴空洞13例。结论糖尿病与肺结核并发时,X线表现为:肺部病变广泛,呈多叶多段分布;病变以干酪渗出为主,部分呈下肺扩散;空洞以多发空洞为主,注意与各类肺炎、肺化脓及肺部肿瘤等疾病的鉴别。     

Effects of Mycophenolate Mofetil on Renal Interstitial Fibrosis after Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction in Rats

Theseverityoftubulointerstitialfibrosishaslongbeenconsideredasthecrucialdeterminantinprogres siverenalinjuryandlong term prognosisinbothhu manandexperimentalglomerulonephritis[1] Howtoimpedeinterstitialfibrosisandlimittheprogressionofchronicrenaldiseasestowardsend stagerenaldisease(ESRD)becomeanewfocusinthisfield Mycophenolatemofetil (MMF)isahighlyspe cificimmunosuppressor Interestingly ,MMFisanimmunosuppressivedrugthatisalsoknowntohaveaneffectoncellsoutsideimmunesystemandparticu larlyhav…     

Expression and Significance of Toll-like Receptor 2, 4 of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Acute Abdomen Patients Associated with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

The changes of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, 4 of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the acute abdomen patients associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and their potential significance were explored. A clinical study was performed on 103 acute abdomen patients in whom 65 were associated with SIRS. Forty healthy individuals served as normal controls. The mRNA expression of TLR2, 4 was detected by RT-PCR, and the expression of TNF-αand EL-6 by ELISA. The level of plasma endotoxin, hospital stay and mortality were measured. It was found that the endotoxin level was increased to varying degrees in all the acute abdomen patients, and the endotoxin level was and hospital stay longer in SIRS group than in non-SIRS group (P<0.01). TLR2 mRNA, TLR4 mRNA, IL-6 and TNF-αcould be detected with low value in normal controls, but they were up-regulated markedly on the 1st day after admission. Then TLR4 mRNA, IL-6 and TNF-αwere decreased gradually, but TLR2 mRNA maintained at a high level till the 5th day. These indexes above in SIRS group were higher than those in non-SIRS group (P<0.01). The results of correlation analysis revealed the expression of TLR2, 4 mRNA was positively correlated with the levels of TNF-αand IL-6, and the hospital stay. The results of Logistic regression demonstrated that over-expression of TLR2, 4 mRNA might result in higher risk of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). It was concluded that in the acute abdomen patients associated with SIRS, the expression of TLR2, 4 in PBMCs was increased markedly, suggesting that TLR might play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute abdomen associated with SIRS.