Pinnacle与Eclipse计划系统对感兴趣区体积计算的比较

目的 分析Pinnacle与Eclipse计划系统在计算靶区与正常器官感兴趣区(ROI)体积上的差异,为临床应用提供参考.方法 在Pinnacle计划系统上、在层厚分别为1、3、5mm的CT上分别勾画1、2、5个层面的正方形和圆形ROI.同时选取头、胸、腹部肿瘤病例各5例.在患者CT上勾画常见的正常器官ROI.将图像和ROI通过DICOM协议传输至Pinnacle和Eclipse计划系统,分析两种计划系统计算的ROI体积.结果 小体积的ROI两种计划系统计算结果有明显的差异,ROI体积越小体积差异越大(小体积相差12倍,大体积基本相同);体积计算的差异受许多因素的影响,感兴趣区的层数和几何体的大小与体积计算的差异显著线性相关(R2=1.000,P=0.000),CT层厚(R2=0.200,P=0.972)和几何体形状(R2=0.200,P=0.089)的对体积计算的差异的影响不显著.几何中心不一致对Pinnacle的ROI体积计算无影响,Eclipse的ROI体积计算有3%左右的增加.CT层厚与R0I体积呈正比(Pinnacle的R2=0.548,P=0.011;Eclipse的R2=0.502,P=0.027).对视交叉、视神经和晶体的体积差异均＞35%.结论 两种计划系统间传输ROI,特别是小体积ROI,需要注意两种计划系统在计算ROI体积时的差异.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the difference region of interest volume (ROI) calculation method between Pinnacle and Eclipse treatment planning system. Methods To acquire CT image with 3 of slice thickness (1 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm). Delineate 1, 2 and 5 slices square and circle contours in Pinnacle treatment planning system. Meanwhile 15 cases that include 5 cases with head neck tumor, 5 with thorax tumor and 5 with abdomen tumor were selected. Those image and ROI were transfer to Eclipse treatment plan system by DICOM RT protocol . The ROI volume was compared between two TPS . Results For ROI with small volume, the volume difference between TPS was obvious (for small volume ROI have 12 times difference, for big volume ROI almost same). The volume difference between TPS was influenced by many factors. The number of ROI slice and the magnitude of ROI was related with the difference between TPS (R2 = 1. 000, P = 0. 000). The CT thickness (R2 = 0. 200, P = 0. 972 ) and the shape of ROI ( R2 =0. 200, P = 0. 089) were not significant factors. The center of ROI on different axis was not affect the volume calculation in Pinnacle, which cause 3% different in Eclipse. The CT thickness was proportional to the ROI volume ( Pinnacle R2 = 0. 548, P = 0. 011; Eclipse R2 = 0. 502, P = 0. 027 ). In clinical case, optic chiasm and Len averagely have more than 35% volume difference between those two TPS. Conclusions We should pay more attention about the difference volume calculation algorithm between Pinnacle and Eclipse,especially when transfer small volume ROI to another TPS, which may have significant difference.     

术后镇痛对剖宫产产妇术后宫缩痛的影响

目的 观察镇痛对剖宫产产妇术后宫缩痛的影响.方法 60例剖宫产手术产妇随机均分为两组:I组术后采用布托啡诺静脉自控镇痛(PCIA);E组采用布托啡诺硬膜外自控镇痛(PCEA).两组术毕均经硬膜外腔注入布托啡诺2mg.观察术后4、8、16、24 h的创口痛和宫缩痛的镇痛效果及不良反应发生情况.结果 I组术后8、16 h的宫缩痛的VAS评分明显低于E组,术后4、8 h Ramsay镇静评分明显高于E组(P＜0.05).两组术后不良反应发生情况相仿(P＞0.05),但E组下肢麻木的发生率明显高于I组(P＜0.05).结论 布托啡诺PCIA对宫缩痛镇痛效果优于布托啡诺PCEA,且不良反应少.     

丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼靶控输注在妇科腹腔镜术中的应用

目的：观察在妇科腹腔镜手术中采用丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼靶控输注（Target controlled infusion,TCI）的麻醉效果,并与吸入麻醉进行比较。方法：选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期行腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剜除术的病人40例,随机分为TCI组（T组）与吸入麻醉组（I组）,每组20例。记录麻醉诱导前、气腹后30分钟、术毕和拔出气管导管后3分钟时的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）和心率（HR）;记录病人停药至清醒（呼唤病人睁眼）时间、拔管时间、手术时间。结果：T组病人围术期血压平稳,各个时点的SBP、DBP、HR与基础值相比差异无显著性（P〈0.05）,I组病人SBP、DBP、HR在气腹后30分钟及拔出气管导管后3分钟时明显高于基础值,差异有显著性（〈0.05）,在相应时间点明显高于T组病人,差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。I组病人清醒时间、拔管时间比T组长,差异有显著性（〈0.05）。结论：丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼靶控输注用于腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剜除术病人安全可行,可有效抑制手术刺激引起的应激反应,术中血流动力学稳定,苏醒迅速完全。     

青年肺癌152例临床特点分析

目前青年肺癌的发病率呈逐渐上升趋势,由于患者年轻,自身不重视且初诊易误诊为良性病变或漏诊,大多数确诊时已为晚期,而且与老年肺癌相比具有更强的侵袭性,预后更差.我院1990～2007年收治40岁以下肺癌152例.现将患者的临床资料及组织病理分析报告如下.     

千伏锥形束CT引导放疗系统质量保证体系的建立

千伏锥形束CT(kVCBCT)引导放疗技术通过其CT影像与计划CT比较,实现在线影像引导摆位,减少放疗误差,从而保证现代放疗技术的治疗质量[1,2].本科2006年10月引进医科达Synergy(R) kVCBCq、引导放疗系统,在正式投入临床使用之前,需要建立检测该系统准确性和稳定性的方法,形成定期监测的质量保证体系,用于保证系统的正常运行[3].     

兆伏级锥形束CT影像质量定量分析

Objective To quantitatively analyze the image quality of megavoltage cone-beam CT (MVCBCT) under different scanning conditions to provide reference in clinical applications. Methods Si-emens ONCOR linear accelerator with MVCBCT was used to scan the phantom under different conditions. The image quality was evaluated in terms of image noise, uniformity, spatial resolution, contrast resolution, the number of Monitor Units(MUs) used in imaging,and the size of the reconstruction matrix. The comparison of the image quality between MVCBCT and conventional simulator CT was also analyzed. Results The image noise was decreased with the increase of the number of MUs. The uniformity index showed that the system u-niformity was weakly dependent on MU numbers or the size of the reconstruction matrix. Except for the ima-ges with 5 MUs,all other images had the spatial resolution of 0.4 lp/mm with a reconstruction matrix of 256 ×256. Better low contrast resolution was achieved by using more MUs. For typical pelvis and head-and-neck patients,the imaging dose at the center was 0.8 cGy/MU and 0.7 cGy/MU, respectively,and the maxi-mum dose was about 1.2 cGy/MU. For typical abdomen patients,the image maximum dose and center dose was 1.3 cGy/MU and 0.7 cGy/MU,respectively. Conclusions The image quality of MVCBCT is inferior to the conventional kilo-voltage CT. However,with the optimization of the parameters in imaging,we can a-chieve sufficient image contrast in the bone,air and some soft-tissue structures with low imaging dose to pa-tients. Such images can be used for IGRT.     

男性乳腺癌9例报告

目的 报告9例男性乳腺癌患者的临床表现、治疗效果和预后情况。方法 5例行根治术，1例行局部切除 腋窝清扫术，5例腋窝淋巴结转移(74．1％)，术后3例进行了正规辅助治疗。结果5年生存率44．4％。均为Ⅰ期、II期。结论男性乳腺癌预后与临床分期、腋窝淋巴结状况有关。以手术治疗为主，同时辅助放疗、化疗、内分泌等综合治疗，以期提高疗效。     

放射治疗网络系统质量保证体系的设计和应用

目的：设计和应用放射治疗网络系统的质量保证体系。方法：放疗网络采用局域网、客户机服务器模式．基于PACS开发，将放疗过程中的相关设备通过网络联系存一起一患者的资料包括治疗资料和影像学资料统一在一个完整的数据库里。结果：质量控制体系包括网络安全体系、不同用户的权限设定、MU计算的质量保证、TPS计算的MU的质量保证、数据传输和数据备份的质量保证五个部分。结论：质量保证体系的应用能避免放疗网络系统的产生差错．是放疗网络系统的重要组成部分。     

电子射野影像系统临床应用的研究进展

电子射野影像系统（EPID）越来越多的被应用、对摆位误差的研究是电子射野影像系统的最初设计目的，利用其进行摆位误差的校正有在线和离线两种形式？随着对电子射野影像系统的剂量学特性的不断了解，用它进行剂量学验证也开始从实验室研究走向临床应用。电子射野影像系统在放疗元件的质量保证中也起到重要的作用，近年来在这方面的研究主要是埘多叶光阑质量保证：本文就电子射野影像系统的临床应用做一简要的概述。     

三级淋巴结构在肿瘤免疫微环境调节和抗肿瘤治疗中的作用

三级淋巴结构(TLS)是肿瘤免疫细胞浸润的重要通道, 肿瘤TLS的存在与患者预后相关, 也与多种抗肿瘤治疗的疗效相关。探讨TLS的功能、免疫调控机制以及作为肿瘤预后生物标志物对综合抗肿瘤治疗的潜在价值, 可为后续相关研究提供新的思路。