肝硬化合并上消化道大出血的药物治疗现状

肝硬化合并上消化道大出血的药物治疗现状张景山，徐吉兰，张秀云２５１１００山东省齐河县人民医院上消化道出血是肝硬化最常见的并发症。但肝硬化时发生上消化道出血并不全是由食管、胃底静脉破裂所致，可能是多种因素共同作用的结果。常见的病因是：①食管、胃底静脉曲...     

2009年南京市某小区二次供水设施卫生状况调查

[目的]保证小区居民饮用水安全卫生,提高居民的健康水平。[方法]对南京市某小区内二次供水设施卫生状况进行调查;对近期就诊腹泻病人进行调查,采集小区二次供水水箱水和末梢水进行检测。[结果]二次供水设施及周围卫生状况不符合卫生要求,7月14日前,水质微生物指标超标,腹泻病发病增加。采取二次供水加氯消毒,加强卫生管理等措施后,水质合格,腹泻病发病减少。[结论]腹泻病人突然增加与小区二次供水污染有关。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

基于基因组序列的副溶血弧菌两种分型方法比较研究

目的 比较基于全基因组测序(WGS)SNP的分型方案和多位点串联重复序列分析(MLVA)分型方案用于我国副溶血弧菌分子分型的能力,并分析两种方法的优缺点及适用情况.方法 选取我国分离的56株副溶血弧菌,使用6个数目可变串联重复序列(VNTR)位点的MLVA方案和基于全基因组序列SNP的方案对这些菌株进行分子分型分析,通...     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

影响食品样品检测合格率因素的探讨

目的:探讨影响地区性食品样品检测合格率的因素.方法:对2001～2005年南京市疾控中心采集和接受的食品样品检测结果进行了整理分析.结果:食品样品合格率为84.8%.样品来源、采样季度、食品类别、微生物检测项目数和检测总项目数等5项因素可对年度合格率有影响.结论:排除所有影响因素不易实现;需进一步研究评价食品卫生状况的指标.     

麻黄根、麻黄的功效与微量元素的关系

麻黄的功效为发汗解表、宣肺平喘、利水消肿;麻黄根的功效则为止汗。麻黄为麻黄科植物草麻黄、木贼麻黄、中麻黄的干燥、绿色草质茎,其主要化学成分为麻黄碱,麻黄的水浸膏有升高血压、兴奋神经中枢、缓解支气管平滑肌痉挛的作用。麻黄根水浸膏与麻黄水浸膏作用恰恰相反,其使心脏收宿减弱、血压下降。麻     

加强系统误差研究教学的点滴体会

直接测量误差,按产生原因,特性,处理方法等一般分为系统误差,偶然误差,过失误差三类。系统误差一经找到产生原因,解决了仪器问题,规范了研究方法,利用辅助设备弥补了生理分辨功能的不足,立即就可实现系统误差的排除。     

腹腔镜腹腔灌洗引流对重症胰腺炎的临床观察

目的探讨腹腔镜下置管腹腔灌洗引流术(LPLD)对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)治疗的临床效果及其预后。方法将37例SAP患者按入院先后顺序随机分为内科组和LPLD组。比较两组治疗前后临床症状缓解时间、相关实验室指标及APACHEⅡ评分;并同时统计两组住院时间、住院费用、治愈率和相关并发症。结果两组SAP患者治疗后,LPLD组体温、腹痛等临床症状缓解速度明显快于内科组;LPLD组白细胞、血淀粉酶及APACHEⅡ评分下降显著;与内科组比较,LPLD组住院费用及住院时间明显缩短,两组治愈率无明显差别;两组的腹腔高压持续时间及腹腔感染和脓肿等并发症的发生率差异有统计学意义。结论 LPLD能有效缓解SAP患者临床症状,缩短住院时间及降低住院费用,减少并发症的发生,但是对于该技术的综合评定尚需观察大宗临床病例。     

依达拉奉在神经外科疾病应用中的临床观察

目的观察依达拉奉在神经外科疾病中的临床应用效果及安全性。方法将78例中度脑损伤患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组在常规治疗的基础上,将依达拉奉30mg加入生理盐水100ml静脉滴注,30min内滴完,每天2次,共用14d,总剂量840mg。记录两组病人治疗后3个月的GOS评分。结果治疗后两组病人3个月时的GOS评分差异,两组的不良反应无差异。结论依达拉奉治疗中度颅损伤患者有一定疗效。