Survivin、NF-κB、VEGFR-2在食管小细胞癌中的表达及其与甲磺酸阿帕替尼疗效的相关性

目的 探讨食管小细胞癌Survivin、NF-κB和血管内皮细胞生长因子受体2(vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2,VEGFR-2)的表达及其与甲磺酸阿帕替尼疗效的相关性.方法 采用免疫组化SABC法检测36例食管小细胞癌Survivin、NF-κB、VEGFR-2的表达,并计数微血管密度(microvascular density,MVD)和微淋巴管密度(micro-lymphatic vessel density,MLVD),分析各指标与MVD、MLVD计数及甲磺酸阿帕替尼疗效的关系.结果 Survivin、NF-κB和VEGFR-2在食管小细胞癌中的阳性表达率分别为22.22％、66.67％和80.56％.Survivin、MLVD与食管小细胞癌淋巴结转移和浸润深度均无相关性(P＞0.05).VEGFR-2、NF-κB表达及MVD与淋巴结转移密切相关(P＜0.05),与浸润深度无关(P＞0.05).NF-κB、VEGFR-2表达阳性者MVD明显高于阴性表达者(P＜0.05).NF-κB、VEGFR-2阳性组患者口服甲磺酸阿帕替尼治疗的疗效优于阴性组,而Survivin阳性、阴性组疗效差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 食管小细胞癌中的VEGFR-2、NF-κB表达及MVD均与淋巴结转移密切相关,NF-κB、VEGFR-2阳性表达可作为口服甲磺酸阿帕替尼靶向治疗的生物学参考靶标.     

培美曲塞治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察与护理

Objective To observe the pemetrexed treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer and toxicity, corresponding to explore nursing. Methods 32 cases of elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients were infused pemetrexed in order to evaluate efficacy, toxicity, and implement appropriate care measures. Results 32 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with pemetrexed treatment, complete remission (CR) 2 patients and partial remission (PR) 17 cases, stable (SD) 6 cases and progress (PD)7 cases. Toxicity occurs mainly in bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal reactions, allergic reactions and drug extravasation and so on. 2 cases Ⅱ myelosuppression, 1 Ⅳ myelosuppression; Ⅱ nausea and vomiting in 19 cases, 5 cases of mild constipation; 2 patients had severe skin itching. The effective symptomatic treatment and active care measures have been eased. Conclusion Pemetrexed treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, master the correct method of administration, toxicity of timely symptomatic treatment and care interventions can improve the quality of life of patients.     

三维适形放射疗法联合厄洛替尼对晚期胰腺癌止痛效果的观察

目的 观察三维适形放疗(3D-CRT)联合厄洛替尼治疗中晚期胰腺癌疼痛的效果.方法 30例中晚期胰腺癌患者随机分为两组,综合组15例,采用3D-CRT同时给予盐酸厄洛替尼同步靶向治疗.放疗第1天开始每日口服厄洛替尼150 mg至整个放疗过程.单独放疗组15例,单独应用3D-CRT.两组患者照射剂量相同(45～58 Gy,1.8～2 Gy/次,5次/周).结果 综合组和单独放疗组疼痛缓解率分别为73.33%、40.0%,疼痛改善持续时间分别为(126±24)d、(97±17)d.两组疼痛缓解率和疼痛改善持续时间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).中位生存期综合组(6.7个月)较单独放疗组(4.4个月)延长(P<0.05).结论 3D-CRT联合盐酸厄洛替尼片可以改善晚期胰腺癌疼痛症状,延长生存期.盐酸厄洛替尼可能有放射增敏作用.     

ER、PTEN在不同类型子宫内膜组织中的表达及意义

目的 检测ER、PTEN在不同类型子宫内膜腺上皮细胞中的表达.方法采用免疫组化检测ER、PTEN的表达.结果⑴ER的表达:在正常子宫内膜腺上皮细胞增生期显著高于分泌期(P＜0.01).增殖症中显著高于正常宫内膜(P＜0.05),而内膜癌中明显低于增殖症和正常宫内膜(P＜0.05).在增殖症中:单纯＞复杂＞不典(均P＜0.05).内膜样腺癌中:＜50岁和≥50岁年龄组、＞1/2和≤1/2肌层浸润组和不同的手术病理分期间ER的表达均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).而在高、中和低分化程度之间均有显著性差异(均P＜0.05);⑵PTEN的表达:在增生期和分泌期无差异(P＞0.05).不典与单纯、不典与复杂相比均有显著性差异(均P＜0.01).内膜样腺癌中:PTEN表达在＜50岁和≥50岁组,不同分化程度的癌组织,不同肌层浸润深度和不同分期之间均无显著性差异(P＞0.05);⑶ER、PTEN在不典型增生和子宫内膜样癌组织中表达均无相关性(r=0.315,r＝0.422,P＞0.05);结论⑴ER参与了正常宫内膜的变化,ER表达降低与内膜样癌的发生有一定关系,且ER表达减少与癌细胞恶性程度增加有关,故可以作为病理诊断的一项指标;⑵PTEN表达降低促使了癌前病变的发生,可能是引起内膜细胞癌变的机制之一,但是PTEN表达与临床病理学特征关系不大;⑶雌激素对PTEN的表达影响不大.     

胰尾部囊实性乳头状上皮性肿瘤1例报告并文献复习

胰腺囊实性乳头状上皮性月中瘤(cystic and solid papil-lary epithelial neoplasm of pancrea, CSPENP)是一种少见的低度恶性肿瘤, 尽管大多数具有良性的生物学行为, 但它具有恶性潜能^[1], 有报道该瘤偶有复发甚至转移, 故应引起重视.     

神经生长因子促进MIA PaCa-2人胰腺癌细胞的增殖

目的：观察神经生长因子-β(nerve growth factorbeta, NGFβ)对人胰腺癌MIA PaCa-2细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响。方法:体外培养MIA PaCa-2细胞,单独或联合给予不同浓度的NGF-β和K252a (NGF-β受体TrKA的抑制剂),应用克隆平板实验、MTT法和流式细胞术检测NGF-β和K252a对MIA PaCa-2细胞克隆形成率、增殖及细胞周期的影响。结果：NGF-β显著促进MIA PaCa-2细胞的克隆形成（P<0.05）,NGF-β使MIA PaCa2细胞增殖能力明显增强（P<0.01）,K252a抑制MIA PaCa-2细胞增殖（P<0.05）,NGF-β与K252a联合作用对MIA PaCa-2细胞的增殖能力无明显影响。NGF-β作用使MIA PaCa2细胞周期阻滞于S期,K252a作用使其周期阻滞于G0/G1期,两者联合作用使MIA PaCa-2细胞周期阻滞于S期。结论：NGF-β具有促进胰腺癌MIA PaCa-2细胞增殖的作用。     

骨桥蛋白和基质金属蛋白酶-9在胰腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To investigate the expression and the role of osteopontin(OPN)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)in the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line MIA PaCa-2 was cultured in vitro.The location of OPN protein in pancreatic tumor cell line was detected by immunofluorescence staining.100 cases of pancreatic cancer and 40 cases of adjacent normal pancreatic tissues were used to analysis.The expressions of OPN and MMP-9 were investigated by immunohistochemistry assay.Results OPN expressed in the cell membrane and cytoplasm,OPN and MMP-9 in pancreatic cancer tissues positive rates were 73.0%(73/100)and 68.0%(68/100),which were higher than that in adjacent normal pancreatic tissues(all P ＜ 0.05).OPN and MMP-9 expression were associated with pancreatic tumor grade,lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.05).OPN and MMP-9 in pancreatic cancer tissues were positively correlated(r,=0.39,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions OPN and M MP-2 might play an important role in the development of invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.OPN and MMP-2 might play synergetic roles in the progression of pancreatic carcinoma.     

神经生长因子及其受体在人胰腺导管癌组织中的表达

Objective To investigate nerve growth factor (β-NGF) and its receptors expression in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods Expression and distribution of β-NGF, tyrosine kinase A (TrKA) and P75NGFR were detected in operation tissue specimens of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Relations of β-NGF and its receptors with clinicalpathological characters, especially nerve invasion were analyzed. Results β-NGF and TrKA expression are higher in pancreatic adenocarcinoma than normal pancreas, and the differences are significant (P < 0. 01). Β-NGF and TrKA expression are associated with the differentiation grades(DG), lymphatic node metastasis, nerve invasion and surgical pathological stages. Poorer of DG and later stages, more expression of β-NGF and TrKA. Β-NGF and TrKA expression have positive correlations. Β-NGF, TrKA and P75NGFR mRNA expression have significantly increased 3.84,4. 23 and 2. 41 times than normal tissues by real-time PCR, respectively. Conclusions β-NGF and TrKA might play potential rules in carcinogenesis for pancreatic cancer,have affinity with clinicopathological characters of pancreatic cancer. Β-NGF and TrKA may have mutual effect in signal transduction leading to perineural invasion of pancreatic carcinoma.     

血管内皮生长因子反义RNA对EC9706人食管癌细胞抑制的作用

目的 观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)反义RNA对EC9706人食管癌细胞的抑制作用.方法 用脂质体法将反义VEGFcDNA质粒转染至EC9706人食管癌细胞,用噻唑蓝还原法(MTT法)检测EC9706细胞增殖,免疫组化SABC和逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测VEGF蛋白和VEGF mRNA表达水平.流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和周期分布.并将转基因EC9706细胞接种于BALB/C裸鼠后肢皮下,4周后观察皮下成瘤情况.结果 被反义VEGFcDNA质粒转染的EC9706食管癌细胞有外源性VEGF反义基因的整合及表达,该细胞VEGF mRNA及蛋白的表达水平降低,但细胞生长增殖能力和增殖周期无明显改变,未发生明显凋亡现象;接种裸鼠28 d后,EC9706-wt组、EC9706-A组及EC9706-E组皮下移植瘤的潜伏期分别为(5.8±2.4)、(12.4±3.6)、(5.3±2.2)d,瘤体重量分别为(2.83 ±0.32)、(0.87±0.14)、(2.62 ±0.68)g,EC9706-A组与其他两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 VEGF反义RNA可抑制EC9706食管癌细胞VEGF表达和裸鼠体内肿瘤生长.