单味醋甘遂粉治疗慢性肾炎水肿1例

单味醋甘遂粉治疗慢性肾炎水肿１例陈明校，孙洪庆，刘向选，沈宝田，高春平，祖景兰１病历简介患者男，１６岁，于１９９１年患慢性肾病型肾炎住院治疗，好转出院后又因感冒复发，以高度水肿、尿少人我院。查体：体温３６．４℃，脉搏１００次／ｍｉｎ，血压１７／１２ｋ...     

精神分裂症病人的脑电地形图与显著性概率图的研究

对12例精神分裂症病人与15例正常人进行脑电地形图与显著性概率图对照研究发现,精神分裂症病人脑电地形图报告不对称性异常比目测脑电图明显增高,二种方法在一定程度上可以相互弥补。显著性概率图的结果显示精神分裂症病人颞-中央区激活性相对增高,枕区激活性降低,左半球障碍似乎更明显。     

肺磨玻璃结节的HRCT征象及病理分期对比分析

目的探讨肺部磨玻璃结节的HRCT征象及其病理分期的关系。方法回顾性分析从2014年5月至2016年5月行CT扫描的78例肺部磨玻璃结节患者的术前CT图像。所有病灶按病理结果分为:14例浸润前病变(不典型腺瘤样增生(从H)和原位腺癌(AIS))、24例微浸润腺癌(MIA)和40例浸润性腺癌(IAC)。对3组病灶的空泡征、毛刺征、分叶征、支气管充气征及胸膜凹陷征进行对比分析诊断浸润性腺癌的界值。结果浸润前病变与IAC间比较:毛刺征、分叶征、胸膜凹陷征的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);MIA与IAC间比较:胸膜凹陷征的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);浸润前病变与MIA间比较:毛刺征及胸膜凹陷征的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。浸润组(IAC)结节一般较无或微浸润组(浸润前病变与MIA)边缘毛刺、分叶、内部空泡及胸膜凹陷多见(P0.05)。结论肺磨玻璃结节的HRCT征象与病理结果有一定的相关性,分析上述影像征象有助于对术前肺部磨玻璃结节进行鉴别诊断及分期。     

支气管哮喘院前急救体会

近年来 ,支气管哮喘的发病率和病死率都呈上升趋势 ,尤其是急性致死性发作仍是危及生命的呼吸科急症之一。由于支气管哮喘急性发作存在突然起病、迅速恶化 ,经适应处理又可迅速缓解的特点 ,发作后医疗干预的迟早与缩短发作时间 ,防止症状恶化 ,防止致死性喘发生直接相关。因此 ,院前急救对支气管哮喘的迅速缓解呈现了积极的意义。我在 1999年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 1月期间于院前急救工作中 ,共接诊此类患者 2 6例 ,现将院前急救情况及体会报道如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　男性 18例 ,年龄 13～ 79岁 ,女性 8例 ,年龄 2 3～ 72岁。2 6例患者…     

视频脑电图在癫痫及其他发作性疾病中的诊断价值

目的探讨视频脑电图（VEEG）在癫痫及其他非癫痫发作性疾病中的诊断、鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法采用意大利EBNeuro智能化脑电图仪,对150例临床确诊为癫痫和疑为癫痫或其他发作性疾病患者进行1-4hVEEG监测,并对其脑电波形及临床发作情况进行分析。并同时对比进行常规脑电图（EEG）检测。结果 150例中,VEEG异常者124例（82.7%）,痫样放电101例（67.3%）;150例中109例行常规EEG检测,异常者30例（27.5%）,痫样放电10例（9.2%）。异常率和痫样放电检出率VEEG监测均明显高于常规EEG检查（P〈0.005）。150例VEEG监测后明确诊断癫痫117例,其他发作性疾病33例。49例癫痫（41.9%）确定了癫痫综合征的诊断;43例（36.8%）明确其发作类型。结论 VEEG对癫痫的诊断具有重要意义,不仅提高了癫痫的临床诊断及分型,而且对非癫痫发作性疾病的鉴别有重要价值。     

正常儿童思睡期脑电图高度同步化波型

目的：研究正常儿童思睡期高度问步化脑电波型（HHP）的特征和变化特点。方法：描记177例正常儿童自然睡眠脑电图,对思睡期出现的高度同步化脑电波型进行分析,研究不同年龄组HHP的变化和特点。结果：177例中,109例出现HHP,出现率为61．6％,其中≤3岁出现率最高。HHP的频率范围以4～5Hz常见,占43．1％,少数婴幼儿的HHP可出现2～3Hz8波频率。波幅以100～200μV者常见,占61．5％,〉200gV者仅占9．2％。持续时间≤3s者占65．1％,最长可达10s。优势部位在前头部导联的占48．6％．≤3岁者变化较大。双侧对称同步的占70．6％,将近三分之一被试者的HHP双侧不对称。结论：HHP是正常儿童思睡期特征性脑电波型,应熟悉其特征和各种正常变异波形,避免误判为痫样放电。     

我国八个大中城市院前急救流行病学调查分析

Objective To investigate the epidemiological information of patients in pre-hospital medical care for our large and medium-sized cities and probe the patients' characteristic. Method The data in 2008 were exported from the computer databases of 8 large and medium-sized cities' emergency medical centers in our country.The thorough records of data were conducted to statistical analysis. Results ( 1 ) The scheduling time, running time, rescue time, returning time, total time and service radius in the pre-hospital medical care group were 2.16± 1.10(min), 14.01 ±6.82(min), 12.12±5.96(min), 14.08± 6.85(min), 42.34± 20.21(min)and 8.50±4.18(km), and the above parameter in the non-death group were 2.19 ± 1.13(min), 14.15 ± 7.14(min),11.60±6.72(min), 14.92 ±6.89(min), 41.86± 19.53(minutes) and 8.63±4.31(Km), and the above parameter in the death group were 2.10± 1.08(min), 13.68 ± 7.14(min), 25.25 ± 12.34(min), 13.75±6.48(min), 54.74 ± 25.47(min) and 7.86± 3.91(Km), and the above parameter in the non-sudden cardiac death group were2.09± 1.03(min), 13.58±6.78(min), 25.53± 12.34(min), 13.60± 6.54(min), 53.79±23.77(min) and 7.67 ± 3.86(Km), and the above parameter in the sudden cardiac death group were 2.12 ±1.02(min), 14.10±7.05(min), 24.79± 12.08(min), 13.79±6.61(min), 54. 80 ± 25. 36( min) and 7.90±3.92(Km) respectively. The scheduling time, running time, returning time and service radius in the death group were less than those of the non-death group, but the rescue time and total time of the former were more than those of the latter respectively ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0. 001 ). The scheduling time and returning time didn' t have significant difference between the sudden cardiac death group and the non-sudden cardiac death group respectively ( P ＞ 0.05), but the running time, total time and service radius of the sudden cardiac death group were more than those of the non-sudden cardiac death group, and the rescue time of the former was less than that of the latter respectively ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.001 ). (2)The patients' amount in pre-hospital medical care group, the non-death group, the death group, the non-sudden cardiac death group and the sudden cardiac death group were at most in first quarter, and the least time slice of patients' amount were 4:00～ 6:00, 4:00～6:00, 4:00～ 6:00, 22:00～ 24:00, 2:00～4:00 respectively, and the most time slice of patients' amount were 20:00～ 22:00, 20:00～22:00, 8:00～ 10:00, 2:00 ～ 4:00, 8:00 ～ 10:00 respectively. (3)In 241 876 cases of pre-hospital medical care group, the patients' amount of trauma was at most, whose age grades was by far among21 ～50, and the others in sequence were nervous system, circulatory system, other group, digestive system, respiratory system and poisoning group respectively, whose age grades in nervous system, circulatory system and respiratory system was by far above 51, especially above 70. The patients' age grades in other group and digestive system had two climax age groups, which the one was 21 ～ 30, and the other was above 70. The patients' age grades in poisoning group was by far among 21 ～ 50, which the patients' amount of acute alcoholism was at the most. (4) In 12 568 cases of death group, the death amount of circulatory system, other group, respiratory system, nervous system and digestive system ranked at the lst,2nd,4th,5th 8th respectively, whose age grades was by far above 51, especially above 70,and the patients' amount of sudden cardiac death was at the most in the death amount of circulatory system. The death amount of trauma and poisoning group ranked at the 3rd, 6th respectively, whose age grades was by far among 21 ～ 50. (5)The total amount, the death amount and the sudden cardiac death amount of male patients were more than those of female patients. (6)The percentage of the death group to the pre-hospital medical care group was 5.20%, and the percentage of the sudden cardiac death group to the pre-hospital medical care group was 1.29%,and the percentage of the sudden cardiac death group to the death group was 24.87 %, and the percentage of the sudden cardiac death group to the circulatory system group was 67.33 %. Conclusions ( 1 )The trauma and the sudden cardiac death are the overriding reason of disease and the overriding reason of death in our large and medium-sized cities respectively. (2) It is very important to cut the death rate of the middle-old age patients by strengthening prevention and cure of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, discerning the critical illness early and improving the level of pre-hospital medical care. (3)It is a strong method to decrease the total amount and the death amount of the trauma, especially in traffic accident, by strengthening safety in production, observing traffic regulation and enhancing the legal awareness.     

我国大中城市院前心脏性猝死流行病学调查分析

目的调查我国大中城市院前心脏性猝死患者流行病学情况,探讨院前心脏性猝死病例特点。方法从我国8个大中城市急救中心系统数据库中导出2008年度全部死亡数据,就其有完整记录的资料进行统计分析。结果①院前心脏性猝死的调度时间、到达时间、现场时间、返回时间、总时间、急救半径分别为（2．12±1．02）min、（14．10±7．05）min、（24．79±12．08）min、（13．79±6．61）min、（54．80±25．36）min、7．90±3．92（km）;②院前心脏性猝死的病例数以第一季度为最多,且最多时间段是8：00～10：00,最少时间段是2：00～4：00;③男性院前心脏性猝死明显多于女性,但年龄明显小于女性;④院前心脏性猝死目击者CPR为4．48％,医护人员现场CPR成功率2．26％。结论①心脏性猝死已成为我国大中城市最常见的院前死亡原因;②加强心血管病防治,提高中老年患者的常见急危重症早期识别与院前急救水平以及普及公众CPR对降低死亡有重要意义。     

喉结核4例

1临床资料病例 1：患者,男性,63岁,维族,农民。2004年5月,因咽痛、声音嘶哑3个月伴咳嗽,咳痰,午后低热,乏力1个月就诊我院,患者3个月前无明显诱因出现咽痛、声音嘶哑,在当地医院以喉炎给予抗生素治疗未见好转,1个月后出现咳嗽、咳痰、午后低热、乏力。入院查体：咽部充血水肿,双侧扁桃体不大,咽后壁可见脓性分泌物附着。实验室检查：红细胞沉降率68mm/1h,血象正常;PPD试验硬结25mm以上,且有水泡;X线胸片示右肺上片状密度不均阴影,边缘欠清,其内可见密度减低区,右侧肺门影增大;咽后壁分泌物结核菌培养阳性。分泌物涂片抗酸杆菌阳性。