合并糖尿病的白内障患者超声乳化术后泪膜的变化

目的：观察糖尿病患者行白内障超声乳化手术后泪膜的变化,探讨其术后用药方案。方法：回顾性分析行白内障超声乳化手术的糖尿病患者32人（48眼）,同时选取无糖尿病的患者36人（48眼）做为对照组,分别于术前,术后1周,术后1个月,术后3个月检查患者的泪膜破裂时间（tearfilm breakup time,BUT）,泪液分泌试验（Schirmer test）,手术由同一手术医师完成。结果：两组患者术前及术后1周、术后3个月泪膜状态差异无显著性（P〉0.05）,术后1个月时糖尿病组BUT和Schirmei test低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：合并糖尿病的白内障患者行超声乳化手术后1个月泪液分泌量低,泪膜稳定性下降,于术后3个月时逐渐恢复,提示临床治疗中对于合并糖尿病的白内障患者可以于术后早期给予人工泪液以缓解糖尿病患者术后干眼症状。     

氧化应激对心房颤动心房间质纤维化影响的实验研究

Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of probucol on oxidative stress in atrial interstitial fibrosis of long-term rapid pace-induced atrial fibrillation(AF). Methods In this study, twenty dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups, sham-operated group ( n = 6 ), control group ( n = 7 ) and probucol group( n =7). One thin silicon plaque containing 4 pairs of electrodes were sutured to right atrium. A pacemaker was implanted in a subcutaneous pocket and attached to a screw-in epicardial lead in the right atrial pacing until pacing stop. Before and after 6-week rapid atrial pacing, transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiographic examinations were performed The following data were collected including left atrium(LA) maximal volume( LAVmax), LA minimal volume ( LAVmin), LA ejection fraction ( LAEF), left atrial appendage (LAA) maximal volume (LAAVmax), LAA minimal volume ( LAAVmin ), LAA ejection fraction (LAAEF), LAA maximal forward flow velocity( V-LAA+ )and LAA minimal backward flow velocity( V-LAA- ). We attempted to identify collagen volume fraction(CVF) by Masson staining. The expression of metal metalloproteinase-9( MMP-9 ) and issue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 ( TIMP-1 ) was examined using western blot. The index of oxidative stress was measured by color comparison. Results ( 1 ) After 6-week atrial tachypacing,the LA and LAA volumes increased significantly, LAEF, LAAEF, V-LAA + and V-LAA- decreased dramaticaly in the control group dogs. Compared with the control group, the LA and LAA volumes were significantly smaller, LAEF, LAAEF,V-LAA + and V-LAA-were dramaticaly higher in probucol group. (2) Compared with the sham-operated group,the index of oxidative stress was increased dramatically in the control group dogs. The index of oxidative stress in probucol group was lower than the level in control group. Probucol could reduce the inducibility and duration of AF and prevent the pathohistological and ultrastructural changes in atria induced by chronic rapid atrial pacing. (3) Compared with the sham-operated group, the CVF was dramatically increased in left and right atrium of control group (P ＜ 0. 01, respectively). (4) Compared with the sham-operated group, the expression of MMP-9 was increased significantly,while the expression of TIMP-1 decreased dramatically in control group. Probucol can reduce the protein expression of MMP-9 and increase the expression of TIMP-1. ( 5 ) MDA was correlated positively with the CVF of atrial myocytes ( r = 0. 976, P ＜ 0. 001 ). Conclusions As an antioxidant, probucol can prevent atrium CVF of AF in chronic rapid atrial pacing dogs. There may be a relationship between oxidative stress and atrial interstitial fibrosis of AF.     

低位直肠癌Dixon术后吻合口狭窄21例

目的：探讨直肠癌Dixon术后吻合口狭窄的发生原因及防治措施。方法：21例直肠癌Dixon术后吻合口狭窄患者中20例行经手指扩张、宫颈扩张器和一次性肛门镜扩张治疗,1例行横结肠造口术治疗。结果：本组21例均治愈,随访1～3年,患者排便良好。结论：直肠癌Dixon术后吻合口狭窄是较常见并发症,应用手指扩张、宫颈扩张器和一次性肛门镜扩张治疗,可作为首选治疗方法,术中预防其发生和术后进行指检扩张最为重要。     

疏血通注射液治疗糖尿病合并冠心病疗效观察

目的探讨疏血通注射液治疗糖尿病合并冠心病的临床治疗效果。方法 2008年1月～2010年6月收治的糖尿病合并冠心病患者215例随机分为治疗组115例和常规组100例,常规组采用常规治疗,治疗组在其基础上应用疏血通注射液治疗,观察两组临床疗效差异。结果治疗组总有效率92.17%,常规组总有效率79.00%,两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论糖尿病合并冠心病的防治非常重要,在常规治疗基础上应用疏血通注射液治疗糖尿病合并冠心病能够有效地改善临床症状,解除疾病加重高血糖、高血脂因素,防止疾病发展。     

PCR扩增nuc基因快速检测金黄色葡萄球菌

为快速检测标本中金黄色葡萄球菌（以下简称金葡菌）。应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ），扩增金葡菌ｎｕｃ基因，并与培养法进行比较分析。结果只有金葡菌扩增出一条特异的ＤＮＡ条带，平行对照的其它菌株均为阴性。说明用ＰＣＲ检测金葡菌的方法简便、快速、特异、敏感。     

通乳丹加鲜南瓜根治疗体虚乳汁不下

产后乳汁不多或不下是产科常见病，临床往往以气血虚弱型为多见。近3年来，笔者以通乳丹加鲜南瓜根治疗该型患者多例，疗效满意。如治王某，25岁。1994年8月19日就诊，诉困难产致出血过多，产后10多天仍乳汁稀少，曾在当地卫生院服用益气补血中药5剂，疗效不显，诊见乳房柔软，面色眈白，神疲乏力，纳呆。舌淡少苦，脉细。证属气血两虚。治拟补气养血，佐以通乳，予通乳丹加鲜南瓜根、生黄茂、党参各3Og，怀山药ZOg，当归129，留行子159，麦冬、通草、白术各IOg，猪蹄1只，鲜南瓜根（切碎）15Og。水煎服，日1剂。3剂后乳汁明显增多，隔3…     

老年单纯收缩期高血压的流行病学研究

对合肥市郊区5个自然村55岁以上老年人743名调查表明:该人群约有24.09%的人患有高血压,其中55.87%是单纯收缩期高血压(ISHE,收缩压≥21.3kPa)。ISHE的患病率随增龄而上升,原发性高血压则变化不大。两类高血压在各年龄组间的分布有显著差异。研究揭示ISHE是老年人的常见病,是不同于原发性高血压的独特综合症。进一步对其中161对老年高血压的病例一对照研究发     

艾滋病的病理

当前,美国的艾滋病患者大部分是药物中毒者或同性恋者,但两者在症状上究竟有何差异,有待进一步探讨。Ambros 详细地研究了13例药物中毒及8例同性恋艾滋病患者的临床表现、检查数据及解剖检查所见。据其报告,认为两者在生存期间和免疫机能方面无何差异。解剖检查中发现25%同性恋者患恶性肿瘤,而药物中毒者却完全没有。药物中毒者较多地感染了血吸虫、巨细胞病毒。两者在症状、形态学方面不存在有意义的差异。美国的同性恋者、药物中毒者多交叉发病,有必要进一步研究。     

安徽省高血压病同食盐销售量相关分析

为探讨高血压的发生是否同超量摄入氯化钠有关,本文试就安徽省35个县居民高血压病现患率与食盐实销量进行了相关分析。     

中医名词术语英译的几点体会

在开展中医学术交流活动中,国内外的学者、读者、译作者都遇到了如何用英语正确表达中医名词术语的问题。目前国内的中医译作是零星、分散、不够系统,在散见的国外中医著作英译中,对中医名词术语的翻译也不统一,有些甚至望文生义,有失中医的原意。因此,中医名词术语英译的规范化很有必要。由于中国医药学有其独特的理论体系,名词术语