亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.     

社会因素与食管癌关系的病例对照研究

泰兴市 1996年食管癌死亡率为 77 5 2 / 10万 ,占癌症死亡率的 2 9 1% ,本研究探索影响泰兴市食管癌死亡水平居高不下的有关社会因素。1 材料与方法 :病例选自有泰兴市常住户口 ,于 1998年9月 1日～ 1999年 12月 1日发病并确诊为食管癌的新发病例。对照选取与病例同性别 ,年龄相差不超过 2岁 ,与病例居住在同村或同一街道的非肿瘤居民。采用 1∶1配对的病例对照研究方法。调查项目包括 :研究对象的一般状况 ,社会和经济因素 ,不良生活习惯与饮食习惯 (吸烟为每天吸烟 ,连续半年以上 ;饮酒为每周至少 1次 ,连续半年以上 )等。单因素和多因素…     

浅谈"传染性非典型肺炎"的心理调适

传染性非典型肺炎又称严重急性呼吸综合征 (Severea cuterespiratorysyndrome ,SARS)。由于目前无特效的治疗和预防药物 ,使公众产生了一种恐慌 ,甚至达到闻“非典”色变的程度。在“非典”时期做好自身的心理调适 ,对应对这场没有硝烟的战争中起到了至关重要的作用。1　人们面对灾难时的心理和行为反应1 1　正常人的反应　面对一场突如其来的灾难 ,大多数人都会产生一种恐慌。恐慌是由于公众缺乏安全感所致。按照马斯洛的 5个需要学说 ,安全感是人们最基本的社会需求。通常人们总是试图通过各种手段来缓解心中的不安全感 ,获得安全感。传…     

一起副溶血性弧菌引起的学生集体食物中毒

2002年9月21日无锡市惠山区玉祁中学发生一起集体食物中毒,经监督人员调查取证,确认为一起由副溶血性弧菌引起的学生食物中毒,现将情况报告如下.     

上消化道肿瘤高发区胃癌、食管癌病例对照研究

目的：探索泰兴市胃癌,食管癌的高危因素,方法,选择1998年9月1日－1999年12月31日期间430例胃癌和591例食管癌新发病例,按年龄,性别和居住地进行以人群为基础1：1配对的病例对照研究,分别采用Epi-info(6.04版）和SAS（6．12版）统计软件进行单因素和多因素分析。结果：单因素分析发现,经济状况差,吸烟,进食速度快,三餐不按时和既往患胃炎和胃溃疡,以及平时经常忧郁,长期处于精神压抑状态是泰兴地区胃和食管癌的共同危险因素,而有良好的人际关系,黄绿蔬菜的大量摄入,则可降低两种癌症的危险性,而饮高度白酒9OR＝2．71）,口味嗜咸（OR＝1．42）,喜爱吃烫食）OR＝2．21）,食管病变（OR＝6．62）和一级亲属中有人患食管癌（OR＝1．98）是食管癌的危险因素,多吃水果（OR＝0．68）则可降低患癌的危险性,多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,既往有胃,食管病变,平时经常忧郁是胃,食管癌共同危险因素,进食速度快,三餐不按时,喜食烫食,过量饮高度白酒,一级亲属中有人患食管癌均作为食管癌的危险因素,而经常摄入黄绿蔬菜则作为胃癌保护因素进入回归方程,结论：精神因素,饮食相关因素及相关的上消化道病变对上消化道癌的发生影响十分明显。     

泰兴市HBsAg与其它危险因素致肝癌交互作用的研究

目的 探索泰涨市HBsAg与其它危险因素致肝癌的交互作用。方法 选择88例原发性肝癌新发病例按性别、年龄和居住地进行1：1配对的病例对照研究,对全部研究对象检测了HBsAg和抗－HCV。结果 病例组HBsAg和抗－HCV阳性率（72．73％和7．95％）显著高于对照（22．73％和1．13％）,HBsAg阳性同时又暴露于慢性肝炎、性格忧郁、受过重大精神刺激及每次饮酒量多因素致肝癌发生的OR值分别为40．86、22．73、47．37和29．06,其两因素交互作用指数分别为0．7657、0．7364、0．8251和0．6469。结论 泰兴市HBsAg与上述危险因素在致肝癌的关系中存在着显著的协同作用。     

新生儿硬肿症有温氧疗的疗效观察

新生儿硬肿症是新生儿（尤其早产儿）常见疾病之一。复温治疗是临床主要方法之一,新生儿体温维持主要靠棕色脂肪中甘油三酯分解氧化产生。此过程需要足够的氧供给,低温对机体的损害机理是缺氧、缺血及代谢障碍,而系统的复温往往忽视供氧和加温,这对改善硬肿消退功效不足。我们根据生物氧化机理对同期入院的新生儿硬肿症在常规综合治疗护理的基础上施行加温吸氧,其临床观察如下：１ 资料来源 将１９９８年１０月－１９９９年５月住院的新生儿硬肿症患儿随机分组,治疗组２７例,对照组１９例。２ 护理方法 两组均采用温箱复温、抗感染、…     

亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因多态和叶酸摄取与乳腺癌的发病风险

Objective To evaluate the relationship between dietary folate intake and genetic polymorphisms of 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) with reference to breast cancer risk. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 669 cases and 682 population-based controls in Jiangsu province of China. MTHFR C677T and AI298C genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. Dietary folate intake was assessed by using an 83-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated with an unconditional logistic model. Results The frequencies of MTHFR C677T C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes were 32. 37% (202/624), 48. 88% (3051624) and 18. 75% (117/624) in cases and 37. 66% (235/624), 48.24% (301/624) and 14. 10% (88/624) in controls,respectively. The difference in distribution was significant (X2=6. 616, P=0. 037), the T/T genotype being associated with an elevated OR for breast cancer (1.62, 95% CI: 1.14 -2. 30). The frequencies of MTHFR A1298C A/A,A/C and C/C were 71.47% (446/624), 27.08% (169/624) and 1.44% (9/624) in cases and 68. 11% (425/624) ,30. 13% (188/624) and 1.76% (11/624) in controls, with no significant differences found (X2=1.716, P=0. 424). Folate intake of cases [(263.00±137. 38)μg/d]was significantly lower than that of controls [(285. 12±149. 61)μg/d](t=-2. 830,P=0. 005). Compared with the lowest tertile (≤199. 08μg/d) of folate intake,the adjusted OR for breast cancer in the top tertile (≥315.μg/d) was 0. 70 (95% CI:0. 53 -0. 92). Among individuals with the MTHFR A1298C A/A genotype,adjusted OR for breast cancer were 0. 89 (95% CI: 0. 62 -1.27)and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.20 -2. 36) for the second to the third tertite of folato intake compared with thehighest folate intake group (Xtrend2=11. 372, P=0. 001). Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that MTHFR genetic polymorphisms, and dietary intake of folate may modify susceptibility to breast cancer.     

醇醛脱氢酶基因多态和饮酒习惯与肝癌易感性

目的研究乙醇脱氢酶2（ADH2）和乙醛脱氢酶2（ALDH2）基因多态及饮酒习惯与肝癌的易感性。方法对208例原发性肝癌和208例对照调查饮酒习惯,采用RCT-RFLR方法检测ADH2和ALDH2基因型。结果1）病例与对照ADH2和ALDH2基因型分布频率差异均无统计学意义。2）携带AL-DH2^1＊2或ALDH2^2＊2基因型且饮酒总量〉3kg年者,发生肝癌危险性是携带AL-DH211基因型不饮酒者的3.30倍（95%CI=1.24～8.83）;而携带ADH2^1＊2或ADH2^2＊2基因型者且饮酒总量〉3kg年与携带ADH211基因型不饮酒者相比,患肝癌危险性无显著增加。3）携带AL-DH2^1＊2或ALDH2^2＊2同时携带ADH2^1＊2或ADH2^2＊2基因型且饮酒总量〉3kg年者,与携带ALDH2^1＊1同时携带ADH2^1＊1基因型且饮酒总量≤3kg年者相比,患肝癌OR值虽有增加但未达显著性（OR=4.26,95%CI=0.63～29.08）。4）HBsAg阳性并携带ALDH2^1＊2或ALDH2^2＊2基因型且饮酒〉3kg年者,与HBsAg阴性并携带ALDH2^1＊1基因型且饮酒≤3kg年者相比,患肝癌危险升高49.71倍（95%CI=5.51～448.96）。结论大量饮酒和肝癌的关联与ALDH2基因有关,而与ADH2基因无关。     

丙型肝炎病毒与肝细胞癌关系的临床流行病学研究

为了解丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)与肝细胞癌(HCC)之间的关系,我们测定了南京及其周围地区HCC患者和对照组血清中抗-HCV抗体及乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg),现简要报道其结果。