A systematic review and meta-analysis of fluorescent-guided resection and therapy-based photodynamics on the survival of patients with glioma

Lasers in Medical Science - Glioma is the most common primary central nervous system tumor; many methods are currently being used to research and treat glioma. In recent years, fluorescent-guided...     

Deep brain stimulation for chorea-acanthocytosis: a systematic review

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a reversible treatment for chorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc). Its safety and efficacy remain elusive due to the low prevalence of ChAc. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of DBS for ChAc by systematically reviewing literature through PubMed and EMBASE. Inclusion criteria were reports on the efficacy or safety of DBS for ChAc and English language articles, and exclusion criteria were other movement disorders, non-human subjects, and studies without original data. Most studies were published as case reports, and we therefore pooled these cases in one cohort. Twenty studies with 34 patients were included. The mean age of symptom onset was 29.3 years (range, 17–48). The median follow-up was 12 months (range, 2–84). Twenty-nine patients underwent GPi-DBS, two received STN-DBS, and one underwent Vop-DBS. Electrodes were implanted into the ventralis oralis complex of the thalamus and the pallidal in two patients. Symptoms seemed to be easier relieved in chorea (88.5%) and dystonia (76.9%) but dysarthria of most patients (85.7%) was no response after DBS. The Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale-Motor Score was used to assess the efficacy of DBS in 25 patients; the mean score decreased from 43.2 to 22.3 and the median improvement rate was 46.7%. Of 24 patients with data on adverse events, complications occurred in 9 patients (37.5%; mostly transient and mild events). DBS is a promising treatment for ChAc with satisfactory efficacy and safety based on the review. Pallidal and thalamic DBS have been applied in ChAc; GPi-DBS seems to be more widely used.

     

Facial emotion perception abilities are related to grey matter volume in the culmen of cerebellum anterior lobe in drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Brain Imaging and Behavior - Impaired capability for understanding and interpreting the expressions on other people's faces manifests itself as a core feature of schizophrenia, contributing to...     

PS-Net: Progressive Selection Network for Salient Object Detection

Cognitive Computation - Low-level features contain abundant details and high-level features have rich semantic information. Integrating multi-scale features in an appropriate way is significant for...     

Electroacupuncture enhances resting-state functional connectivity between dorsal caudate and precuneus and decreases associated leptin levels in overweight/obese subjects

Brain Imaging and Behavior - Electroacupuncture (EA) is a safe and effective method for treating obesity. However, how it modulates reward-related brain activity/functional connectivity and gut...     

Detection of functional and structural brain alterations in female schizophrenia using elastic net logistic regression

Brain Imaging and Behavior - Neuroimaging technique is a powerful tool to characterize the abnormality of brain networks in schizophrenia. However, the neurophysiological substrate of schizophrenia...     

Solid lipid nanoparticles for enhancing vinpocetine's oral bioavailability.

An ultrasonic-solvent emulsification technique was adopted to prepare vinpocetine loaded Glyceryl monostearate (GMS) nanodispersions with narrow size distribution. To increase the lipid load the process was conducted at 50 degrees C, and in order to prepare nanoparticle using an ultrasonic-solvent emulsification technique. The mean particle size and droplet size distribution, drug loading capacity, drug entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential, and long-term physical stability of the SLNs were investigated in detail respectively. Drug release from two sorts of VIN-SLN was studied using a dialysis bag method. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in male rats after oral administration of 10 mg kg(-1) VIN in different formulations, it was found that the relative bioavailability of VIN in SLNs was significantly increased compared with that of the VIN solution. The amount of surfactant also had a marked effect on the oral absorption of VIN with SLN formulations. The absorption mechanism of the SLN formulations was also discussed. These results indicated that VIN absorption is enhanced significantly by employing SLN formulations. SLNs offer a new approach to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.     

腓肠肌肌球蛋白收缩功能在有氧训练后的变化

背景:已有实验证实长期耐力训练能导致肌纤维及其肌球蛋白重链异形体由快型向慢型转变,但对于运动训练中肌球蛋白重链异形体mRNA的变化仍有待进一步的实验观察与验证。目的:观察跑台训练对雄性SD大鼠腓肠肌肌球蛋白收缩功能的影响。设计:随机对照动物实验。单位:西安交通大学医学实验中心。材料:选用40只生后7周雄性SD大鼠,体质量(230±16)g,所有动物实验前均未进行过跑台运动。试剂:一抗为鼠源性抗骨骼肌肌动蛋白及快缩型肌球蛋白重链(MHCⅡ)单克隆抗体,ABCam产品。二抗为偶合碱性磷酸酶的抗鼠IgG,SIGMA产品。方法:实验于2005-03/10在西安交通大学医学实验中心完成。随机摸球法将大鼠分为对照组(n=10)和训练组(n=30)。训练组大鼠进行连续4～6周强度约为75%VO2max(18.5～24m/min,坡度为0°)的跑台训练,50min/次,2次/d。对照组自由活动,不给予任何干预措施。训练至4,5,6周,分别取10只大鼠,采用反转录聚合酶链式反应腓肠肌肌球蛋白重链mRNA含量,以免疫组化方法检测肌球蛋白肌纤维的改变情况及横截面积的大小,大鼠麻醉后游离腓肠肌,采用张力传感器及电刺激器给予方波脉冲刺激,逐步拉伸腓肠肌至等长收缩张力为最大时的肌肉初长Lmax位置,平衡10min,记录肌肉长度与张力。取右侧腓肠肌称量湿质量,计算其与体质量之比。肌肉质量与体质量之比按下式计算:肌肉质量(mg)/体质量(g)×100%。主要观察指标:①腓肠肌肌球蛋白重链mRNA含量。②肌球蛋白肌纤维的改变情况及横截面积的大小。③大鼠体质量与腓肠肌质量的变化。④腓肠肌等长收缩最大张力。结果:纳入大鼠40只全部进入结果分析。①腓肠肌肌球蛋白重链mRNA含量:经过4周耐力训练,训练组肌球蛋白总肌球蛋白重链表达是对照组的105%(P<0.01),肌球蛋白重链Ⅱa表达量高于对照组(1.27±0.08,1.17±0.06,P<0.05),肌球蛋白重链ⅡxmRNA表达量高于对照组(1.29±0.04,1.19±0.05,P<0.01)。②肌球蛋白肌纤维的改变情况及横截面积的大小:经过4～6周的有氧训练后,大鼠肌球蛋白重链主要以Ⅱ型慢缩型肌纤维表达为主,而Ⅰ型快缩型肌纤维表达较少。对照组大鼠腓肠肌Ⅰ、Ⅱ型肌纤维横截面积分别为(1958.0±30.5),(1656.1±35.3)mm2。而训练组4周后Ⅰ、Ⅱ型肌纤维横截面积较对照组分别增加24.5%与22.1%(P<0.01);训练组5周后分别增加26.4%与51.5%(P<0.01),训练组训练6周后分别增加33.2%与48.9%(P<0.01)。③大鼠体质量与腓肠肌质量的变化:训练组大鼠训练4,5,6周腓肠肌湿质量分别为(135.6±3.1),(139.2±5.1),(148.4±6.2)mg,高于对照组[(103.2±3.4),(87.5±2.9),(68.3±3.3)mg,P<0.01]。训练组大鼠训练4,5,6周腓肠肌相对湿质量分别为(0.55±0.01),(0.56±0.02),(0.59±0.03),高于对照组[(0.43±0.02),(0.37±0.04),(0.29±0.05),P<0.05～0.01]。④腓肠肌等长收缩最大张力:方波脉冲刺激后6周训练组等长收缩最大张力较对照组显著增加(P<0.01)。结论:短期耐力训练后,肌球蛋白重链中的两种慢型肌球蛋白重链异形体-肌球蛋白重链Ⅱx、肌球蛋白重链Ⅱb基因表达增加,肌纤维横截面积增加,等长收缩最大张力增加,表明有氧训练对提高肌球蛋白收缩功能有促进作用。     

胰岛干细胞转分化胰岛样细胞与天然胰岛功能的比较

目的:目前在胰腺干细胞体外转分化为胰岛样细胞的转化效率,转分化胰岛样细胞的成熟度,能否代替天然胰岛的功能等问题上存在争议.实验将分离纯化、扩增的大鼠胰腺导管上皮细胞,并诱导分化为胰岛样细胞团,与天然胰岛功能进行比较.方法:实验于2004 07/2005-04在暨南大学第二临床医学院暨深圳市人民医院临床医学研究中心实验室完成.实验选用SD大鼠10只,采用差异性贴学、低血清培养等方法纯化大鼠胰腺导管上皮细胞,以免疫组织化学方法鉴定后,在含exendin-4、角质细胞生长因子、尼克酰胺等细胞因子和葡萄糖的培养基中,将其转分化为胰岛样细胞团.以DTZ染色和胰岛素免疫荧光染色鉴定.分离纯化SD大鼠天然胰岛,对胰岛样细胞团与天然胰岛进行葡萄糖刺激试验,检测培养液上清液中胰岛素和C肽的水平.结果:①免疫组织化学染色显示从大鼠胰腺导管上皮细胞分离纯化的细胞呈CK-19染色阳性,PDX-1染色阴性,表明为胰腺干细胞.诱导4周后,细胞逐渐汇聚成胰岛样细胞团,免疫荧光染色为阳性,证明有胰岛索分泌.②葡萄糖刺激实验显示,在低糖和高糖刺激下,胰岛样细胞团胰岛素的分泌量约为天然胰岛的1/30和1/35,C肽分泌量为天然胰岛的1/32和1/26.结论:目前胰腺干细胞体外转分化为胰岛样细胞的成熟度与天然胰岛仍然存在较大差别,其在功能仅为天然胰岛的1/30～1/35.     

睾丸非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床病理及免疫组化研究

目的　探讨睾丸非淋巴瘤的形态结构特征、临床表现及鉴别诊断。方法　采用常规石腊切片、HE染色和免疫组化 S- P法标记 L CA、L2 6阳性以确定诊断。结果　 5例患者临床症状均为睾丸不同程度肿大 ,组织学图像与胃肠道MAL T淋巴瘤相似 ,免疫组化染色瘤细胞表达 L CA、L2 6阳性。结论　老年人出现弥漫性睾丸肿大 ,首先应考虑睾丸淋巴瘤的可能。该病的确诊依赖病理检查 ,免疫组化对于鉴别诊断有重要作用