外科切口感染危险因素研究

目的：研究术后切口感染危险因素，以降低切口感染率。方法：以１９９４～１９９６年外科手术病人为对象，进行病例对照研究。结果：病例组１３１例切口感染病人和对照组１００例无切口感染病人在手术持续时间、术前抗生素使用种类、免疫抑制剂应用与否以及手术后抗生素使用天数等方面有显著性差异。且随着手术时间延长，术后切口感染的相对危险度呈明显递增趋势。结论：为降低术后切口感染率，必须尽量缩短手术时间，并减少术前术后抗生素使用天数和种类     

硫酸镁雾化吸入辅助治疗对重症毛细支气管炎患儿气道阻力、肺功能及炎症因子的影响

目的 观察硫酸镁雾化吸入辅助治疗对重症毛细支气管炎患儿气道阻力、肺功能及炎症因子的影响。方法 选择于医院治疗的重症毛细支气管炎患儿88例,以随机数字表法分组,44例患儿为探究组,采用硫酸镁雾化吸入辅助常规治疗,44例患儿为参照组,采用常规治疗,两组患儿均连续治疗7 d,治疗前、后检测两组患儿炎症指标：肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、可溶性血管细胞黏附分子1(soluble vasccular cell adhesion molecule-1,sVCAM-1)、Nod样受体蛋白3(Nod-like receptor pyrin domain3,NLRP3)、嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白(eosinophil cationic protein, ECP)水平：气道阻力指标：近端气道黏性阻力(R20)、气道总阻抗(Z5)、气道总黏性阻力(R5)、肺神经源性P物质水平;肺功能指标：有效呼吸道阻力(Reff)、第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1)、最大呼气中段流量(maximal mi...     

Frailty评分对枸橼酸伊沙佐米治疗多发性骨髓瘤不良反应的预测价值

目的 探讨Frailty评分对枸橼酸伊沙佐米治疗多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma, MM)不良反应的预测价值。方法 选取MM患者72例,均予以枸橼酸伊沙佐米联合沙利度胺、地塞米松方案治疗,观察治疗效果及不良反应。并根据患者不良反应程度分为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组和Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组。比较2组Frailty评分;采用Cox回归模型分析化疗相关Ⅲ～Ⅳ级不良反应的影响因素;采用ROC曲线模型分析Frailty评分对化疗相关Ⅲ～Ⅳ级不良反应的预测价值。结果 72例MM患者均实施枸橼酸伊沙佐米治疗,总有效率为80.55%;出现不良反应70例、以乏力占比最高,发生率为72.22%,其次为淋巴细胞降低25.00%、贫血18.06%,未出现任何不良反应2例。Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组Frailty评分高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组(P<0.05)。70例出现不良反应患者均随访12个月,其平均生存时间(22.30±2.28)个月。Cox回归分析结果显示,Frailty评分≥2分是MM患者发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ级不良反应的影响因素。ROC曲线分析显示,Frailty评分预测化疗相关Ⅲ～Ⅳ级不良反应AUC值为0.925(95%CI:0.816～1.00...     

双酚F暴露后对小鼠肝脏神经递质代谢的影响

目的：探讨双酚F（bisphenol F,BPF）对肝脏中色氨酸（tryptophan,TRP）及酪氨酸（tyrosine,TYR）代谢的影响,阐明其代谢稳态扰乱后神经递质的代谢特点。方法：SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠经灌胃给予不同浓度的BPF[40、400、4 000 μg/（kg·d）],连续灌胃30 d,通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UHPLC-MS/ MS）法观察BPF暴露后小鼠肝脏TRP、TYR来源神经递质代谢特点及水平的改变。结果：BPF暴露后引起小鼠肝脏TRP、TYR 水平下降,其中 TRP 代谢途径的神经递质 5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT）水平明显下降,相反,犬尿氨酸（kynurenine, KYN）水平显著上升;TYR代谢途径中,TYR及其代谢产物多巴胺（dopamine,DA）水平显著下降;其他兴奋性神经递质如谷氨酸（glutamate,GLU）、γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA）、天冬氨酸（aspartic acid,ASP）、甘氨酸（glycine,GLY）水平亦明显降低。结论：BPF暴露可抑制TRP、TYR及多个兴奋性神经递质的代谢,促进TRP通路中5-HT向KYN代谢转化,对肝脏神经递质代谢的探讨可为BPF持续暴露导致的肝脏及神经精神性病变提供依据。     

胎儿筛骨的形态学研究

本文从组织学角度,研究胎儿筛骨的形态学变化以及水平板、纸板和筛凹的发育特点。结果表明:筛骨整体(在冠状位)呈等腰梯形,即纸板为梯形的两边;胎儿期的纸板在水平切面上呈向外凹的骨板,至出生时呈轻微的“S”形弯曲;胚胎第24周后,水平板的外侧部分逐渐形成筛凹,并随筛窦的气化而变薄,形成筛窦的顶部。上述结果提示:出生时其眶内侧壁(主要为纸板)结构不呈矢状平面,且与水平板间的角度(斜度)随胎龄增长而增大(P<0.01);筛骨水平板则由内侧部分的筛板和外侧部分的筛凹组成。     

A framework for automatic analysis of the dynamic behaviour of coronary angiograms

A framework for coronary vessels analysis in digital subtracted angiograms is described. This method combines the motion estimation with the frame-to-frame structure detection in a natural way such that they act interactively. The first step consists of the extraction of the vessel centrelines in one image and their organization into meaningful constituents or branches of the coronary arterial tree. The motion is then estimated along the centrelines through a gradient based method. These motion estimates supply an initial positioning of an active contour model (or snake) in the next image. This model adapts itself by changing its shape to accurately fit onto the new centrelines. This process is then reiterated on the subsequent images to depict the dynamic behaviour of all the relevant branches. The main interests of this scheme are: (1) the active models operate locally so a fast detection of the vessels can be performed; (2) the centrelines extraction is fully guided by the confluence of the motion estimation and the contour model; (3) both morphological and kinetic features are provided on a quantitative basis.     

神经症的性压抑与心理因素的相关性研究

研究神经症患者潜在人格与性压抑和情绪的相关性.方法:对124例神经症患者进行了婚姻质量问卷(性生活、婚姻质量部份)、抑郁自评量表(以下简称SDS)、焦虑自评量表(以下简称SAS)及自编的性生活调查问卷、主题统觉测验(以下简称TAT)测评.结果:1、神经症伴性障碍组TAT潜在人格与对照组相比,在支配、性、援助、躯体社会攻击、财产破坏欲求、自我攻击、情绪变化欲求和情绪言语攻击性、躯体社会攻击、引诱、缺乏、丧失、灾害、丧失支持、躯体伤害压力上均较对照组显著增高,而成就欲求下降(P<005-001);与神经症无性障碍组相比,神经症伴性障碍组的成就、支配、教养、性欲求得分显著增高,情绪言语攻击欲求得分下降(P<001～005);2、神经症伴性障碍组的性生活质量低,性频度、性后快感均低.3、SDS、SAS与TAT中的负性欲求呈明显的相关性,性行为调查与婚姻质量量表中的性行为呈正相关.结论:神经症的性压抑与其潜在人格有密切的相关性.     

Preparation and characterization of porous beta-tricalcium phosphate/collagen composites with an integrated structure

Porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP)/collagen composites with different beta-TCP/collagen weight ratio were prepared. The influences of the preparation conditions on the microstructure of porous composite and the joint status of beta-TCP particles with collagen fibrils were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed: (1) an acid treatment could effectively disassemble collagen fibrils; (2) in the resulting porous composites, beta-TCP particles homogenously existed on the skeleton of the collagen fibril network and bonded tightly to both the fibrils and themselves. The tight bonding formation could be due to the reaction between Ca ions in the particles and carboxyl groups in collagen polypeptide chains and due to the reprecipitation of partially dissolved beta-TCP during synthesis. The tight bonding between beta-TCP particles and collagen fibrils in the composites demonstrated an integrated structure, which was reproducible when beta-TCP/collagen ratio ranged from 2 to 4. Such integrated structure would make significant contributions in reliably tailoring properties of the porous composites by varying beta-TCP content. In addition, the porous composites had large porosity (approximately 95%) and appropriate pore size (approximately 100 microm), showed no negative impact in cytotoxicity assay and complete bone tissue regeneration after 12 weeks in animal test.     

Survey of the Distribution of a Newly Characterized Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Tissues

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the final products of nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation of proteins, are found in the plasma and accumulate in the tissues during aging and at an accelerated rate in diabetes. A novel integral membrane protein, termed receptor for AGE (RAGE), forms a central part of the cell surface binding site for AGEs. Using monospecific, polyclonal antibody raised to human recombinant and bovine RAGE, immunostaining of bovine tissues showed RAGE in the vasculature, endothelium, and smooth muscle cells and in mononuclear cells in the tissues. Consistent with these data, RAGE antigen and mRNA were identified in cultured bovine endothelium, vascular smooth muscle, and monocyte-derived macrophages. RAGE antigen was also visualized in bovine cardiac myocytes as well as in cultures of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and in neural tissue where motor neurons, peripheral nerves, and a population of cortical neurons were positive. In situ hybridization confirmed the presence of RAGE mRNA in the tissues, and studies with rat PC12 pheochromocytes indicated that they provide a neuronal-related cell culture model for examining RAGE expression. Pathological studies of human atherosclerotic plaques showed infiltration of RAGE-expressing cells in the expanded intima. These results indicate that RAGE is present in multiple tissues and suggest the potential relevance of AGE-RAGE interactions for modulating properties of the vasculature as well as neural and cardiac function, prominent areas of involvement in diabetes and in the normal aging process.