Nanofused Hierarchically Porous MIL-101(Cr) for Enhanced Methyl Orange Removal and Improved Catalytic Activity

Hierarchically porous MIL-101(Cr) (H-MIL-101(Cr)) with meso/macro-pores was directly prepared via nanofusion progress by using butyric acid as a modulating agent. In the methyl orange (MO) adsorption experiments, H-MIL-101(Cr) showed a high adsorption capability of 369.8 mg g⁻¹, which was 1.52-fold greater than that of pristine MIL-101(Cr) (P-MIL-101(Cr)). While in the oxidation reaction of indene and 1-dodecene tests, H-MIL-101(Cr) presented much higher catalytic efficiency, with turnover frequency (TOF) values of 0.7242 mmol g⁻¹ min⁻¹ and 0.1492 mmol g⁻¹ min⁻¹, respectively, which were 28% and 34% greater than that in the case of P-MIL-101(Cr). Thus, compared with P-MIL-101(Cr), H-MIL-101(Cr) exhibited better removal efficiency and higher levels of activity in the oxidation reactions of indene and 1-dodecene. The unique structure of H-MIL-101(Cr) also contributed to its superior performance in these processes.     

PXR activation impairs hepatic glucose metabolism partly via inhibiting the HNF4α–GLUT2 pathway

Drug-induced hyperglycemia/diabetes is a global issue. Some drugs induce hyperglycemia by activating the pregnane X receptor (PXR), but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we report that PXR activation induces hyperglycemia by impairing hepatic glucose metabolism due to inhibition of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (HNF4α)‒glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) pathway. The PXR agonists atorvastatin and rifampicin significantly downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, and impaired glucose uptake and utilization in HepG2 cells. Overexpression of PXR downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, while silencing PXR upregulated HNF4α and GLUT2 expression. Silencing HNF4α decreased GLUT2 expression, while overexpressing HNF4α increased GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. Silencing PXR or overexpressing HNF4α reversed the atorvastatin-induced decrease in GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. In human primary hepatocytes, atorvastatin downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α mRNA expression, which could be attenuated by silencing PXR. Silencing HNF4α downregulated GLUT2 mRNA expression. These findings were reproduced with mouse primary hepatocytes. Hnf4α plasmid increased Slc2a2 promoter activity. Hnf4α silencing or pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) suppressed the Slc2a2 promoter activity by decreasing HNF4α recruitment to the Slc2a2 promoter. Liver-specific Hnf4α deletion and PCN impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic glucose uptake, and decreased the expression of hepatic HNF4α and GLUT2. In conclusion, PXR activation impaired hepatic glucose metabolism partly by inhibiting the HNF4α‒GLUT2 pathway. These results highlight the molecular mechanisms by which PXR activators induce hyperglycemia/diabetes.Key words: Pregnane X receptor, Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha, Glucose transporter 2, Hepatic glucose uptake, Diabetes, Drug-induced hyperglycemia     

鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎 28例临床特征分析

目的分析经宏基因组二代测序技术(metagenopmic next generation sequencing,mNGS)确诊的 28例鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎病人的临床特点。方法回顾性分析 2019年 10月 1日至 2022年 4月 1日长沙市第一医院采用 mNGS诊断的 28例鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎病人的诊治情况。结果 28例病人中 10例为女性, 18例为男性,中位年龄 60岁; 27例病人有明确禽类接触史, 1例无。重症病例占 32.1%,多为有慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)糖尿病、高血压、冠心病或尿毒症等基础疾病病人。临床表现包括发热(100%)、畏寒(28.6%)、咳嗽、咳痰(71.4%)、气促(53.6%)。、外周血中白细胞总数多在正常范围, 96.4%的病人中性粒细胞比例增高、淋巴细胞比例降低; 96.4%病人 PCT升高,所检测病人中 ESR和 CRP升高者达 100%;分别有 71.4%和 50%病人乳酸脱氢酶和肌酸激酶增高;有 82.1%的病人谷草转氨酶增高,有 78.6%的病人白蛋白降低。胸部 CT表现单侧病变 25例、其中右肺病变 19例,常见影像改变是斑片状阴影(78.6%)、大片实变(21.4%),26例伴有胸腔积液。治疗情况:单用氟喹诺酮类(莫西沙星或者左氧氟沙星)治疗 9例,单用多西环素治疗 2例;联合用药 13例,其中青霉素类(哌拉西林他唑巴坦或头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠)联用喹诺酮类有 10例,青霉素类联合多西环素 3例。有 2例病人初始选择青霉素类加喹诺酮类药物治疗无效,改用多西环素或联用多西环素后症状缓解。 28例病人均预后良好,无死亡病例。结论鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎病人的职业史、临床表现、实验室检查结果及肺部 CT具有一定的特点;临床对可疑病例应尽早行 mNGS检测,快速过渡到精准治疗,能明显改善预后。     

软组织损伤超声治疗研究现状

尽管超声广泛用于治疗软组织损伤,而且超声的生物物理学效应通过体外研究也得以证实,但超声对软组织损伤的治疗效果仍受到质疑。很少有确切的证据表明超声治疗软组织损伤有效,其原因可能与多种因素有关,如技术方面的变数,临床研究中方法学的局限与缺陷,或者超声确实缺少治疗作用。     

痛风

患者男,48岁。 主诉：双手、足关节反复疼痛伴皮下结节20年。     

犬恒牙牙根发育过程中牙髓炎症对细胞凋亡的影响

目的：探讨牙髓炎症对牙根发育过程中细胞凋亡的影响。方法：建立犬年轻恒牙实验性牙髓炎模型,采用原位末端标记技术（TUNEL）观测牙根发育过程中犬恒牙牙髓炎症对各组织中凋亡细胞分布的影响。结果：与炎症区相邻的牙髓组织中细胞凋亡数量增多,参与牙根发育的各种功能细胞（成牙本质细胞、成牙骨质细胞、上皮根鞘细胞、成骨细胞和牙周膜细胞）也出现非生理性的凋亡。结论：牙根发育过程中牙髓炎症状态下细胞凋亡一方面参与牙髓组织自身防御,另一方面则干扰了牙根的正常发育。     

A combination of digital design and three-dimensional printing to assist treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures using percutaneous kyphoplasty

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the preoperative digital design combined with three-dimensional(3D) printing models to assist percutaneous kyphop...