胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ对软骨细胞凋亡的抑制

目的:探讨胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)对软骨细胞增殖及白细胞介素-1(IL-1)诱导软骨细胞凋亡的影响,揭示其抗损伤作用机制,为关节软骨损伤治疗提供理论依据。方法:分离培养人胚胎关节软骨细胞,采用四氮甲基唑蓝(MTT)法测定不同含量软骨细胞增殖活性的变化,利用光镜、电镜、DNA电泳及流式细胞仪测定作为凋亡检测指标。结果:IGF-Ⅰ呈剂量依赖式促软骨细胞增殖,当IGF-Ⅰ含量达50μg/L时,促软骨细胞增殖作用达最大值。IL-1组光镜、电镜下可见典型的细胞凋亡形态学改变,琼脂糖凝胶电泳示特征性的DNA梯状条带,IGF-Ⅰ处理组未见明显凋亡征象。流式细胞仪检测发现,IGF-Ⅰ处理后软骨细胞凋亡率显著降低。结论:IGF-Ⅰ能促进软骨细胞增殖,对IL-1诱导的软骨细胞凋亡具有保护作用。     

外周神经动作电位记录中刺激伪迹的消除方法

<正> 记录外周神经动作电位的实验中往往有难以克服的刺激伪迹。特别所记录的外周神经比较短时,此问题更为突出。一般常用的消除刺激伪迹方法亦不易奏效。通过摸索,我们找到一种简单的消除方法。现介绍如下:     

Effect of baoshen wan on serum lipid peroxide levels in nephritis treated based on the differentiation-syndromes

This paper deals with the treatment of 22 cases of chronic nephritis with Baoshen Wan (protecting kidney pills) according to the differentiation of syndromes; the results showed that 3 cases had got perfect remission, 6 cases fundamental remission, and 10 cases partial remission; thus its effective rate reached to 86.4%. Before treatment, the mean value of serum LPO of the 22 patients was 4.44 +/- 0.099 (means +/- S means, mumol/L), which compare with the normal value (3.69 +/- 0.075), P less than 0.05. After treatment, the serum LPO level was lowered to 3.95 +/- 0.11, P less than 0.05. It suggested that Baoshen Wan could disperse the free radical and lower the serum LPO level in the patients with chronic nephritis.     

利用外国政府贷款医疗项目操作程序及需要注意的问题

综合了申请利用外国政府贷款医疗项目所涉及的部门、政策规定、申请程序、工作要求等,并按照实际工作中的大体操作顺序作了较为具体的介绍。     

Electrophysiological study on differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal stem cells into neuron-like cells in vitro by edaravone

To explore the electrophysiological proper-ties of differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived stromal stem cells (rBMSCs) to neuron-like cells in vitro by edaravone, a new type of free radical scavenger. Methods: Stromal stem cells were separated from rat bone marrow with Ficoll-Paque reagent and expanded in different culture medium in vitro, rBMSCs were induced by edaravone containing serum-free L-DMEM. Morphologic observation and Western blot analysis including the ex-pression of Nav1.6, Kv1.2, Kv1.3, Cav1.2 were performed, and whole patch-clamp technique was used. Results: Cyton contraction and long processes were shown in differentiated stromal stem cells. Nav1.6, Kv1.2, Kv1.3 and Cav1.2 were expressed in both differentiated and undifferentiated cells. However, the expression of channel proteins in differentiated cells was up-regulated. Consistently, their resting potential and outward currents were also enhanced in the differentiated cells, which was especially significant in the outward rectifier potassium current. Conclusion: In vitro, neuron-like cells derived from rBMSCs, induced by edaravone, possess electrophysiologi-cal properties of neurons.     

Serial in vivo MR tracking of magnetically labeled neural spheres transplanted in chronic EAE mice.

Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation has been shown to attenuate the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Central to the future success of NSC transplantation in MS is the ability of transplanted cells to migrate from the site of transplantation to relevant foci of disease. Using magnetically labeled mouse neurospheres and human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived neurospheres, we applied serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the biodynamics of transplanted cell migration in a chronic mouse EAE model. Magnetic labeling did not affect the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of cells as multipotential precursors. Cell migration occurred along white matter (WM) tracts (especially the corpus callosum (CC), fimbria, and internal capsule), predominantly early in the acute phase of disease, and in an asymmetric manner. The distance of cell migration correlated well with clinical severity of disease and the number of microglia in the WM tracts, supporting the notion that inflammatory signals promote transplanted cell migration. This study shows for the first time that hESC-derived neural precursors also respond to tissue signals in an MS model, similarly to rodent cells. The results are directly relevant for designing and optimizing cell therapies for MS, and achieving a better understanding of in vivo cell dynamics and cell-tissue interactions.     

Comparison of Marker Intervals and Number of Sib Pairs Used for Linkage Analysis on Simulated Nuclear Family Data

Using a two‐stage global scan design, we analyzed general population replicates 1 and 42 of the Genetic Analysis Workshop (GAW) 12 simulated data set using three methods: revisited Haseman‐Elston (HER), maximum likelihood variance estimation (ML), and variance components (VC). Three marker densities, 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐cM intervals, were examined in the first‐stage scan. We found that the 10‐cM interval appears to be the most cost‐effective approach in genotyping without sacrificing power when using a first stage significance level of 0.01. Subsequently, we performed the second‐stage scan at 1‐cM intervals for those putative positive regions identified in the first‐stage scan at a significance level of 0.01. We also compared the power to detect linkage using different numbers of sib pairs for a genome‐wide scan at a 10‐cM interval and found that power decreases nonlinearly as the number of sib pairs decreases. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Development of specificity in corticospinal connections by axon collaterals branching selectively into appropriate spinal targets

Corticospinal projections in adult rodents arise exlusively from layer V neurons in the sensorimotor cortex. These neurons are topographically organized in their connections to spinal cord targets. Previous studies in rodents have shown that the mature distribution pattern of corticospinal neurons develops during the first 2 weeks postnatal from an initial widespread pattern that includes the visual cortex to a distribution restricted to the sensorimotor cortex. To determine whether specificity in corticospinal connections also emerges from an intially diffuse set of projections, we have studied the outgrowth of corticospinal axons and the formation of terminal arbors in developing hamsters. The sensitive fluorescent tracer 1, 1′, dioctadecyl-3, 3, 3′, 3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorat (DiI) was used to label corticospinal axons from the visual cortex or from small regions of the forelimb or hindlimb sensorimotor cortex in living animals at 4–17 days postnatal. Initially axon outgrowth was imprecise. Some visual cortical axons extended transiently beyond their permanent targets in the pontine nuclei, by growing through the pyramidal decussation and in some cases extending as far caudally as the lumbar enlargement. Forelimb sensorimotor axons also extended past their targets in the cervical enlargement, in many cases growing in the corticospinal tract to lumbar levels of the cord. By about 17 days postnatal these misdirected axons or axon segments were withdrawn from the tract. Despite these errors in axon trajectories within the corticospinal tract, terminal arbors branching into targets in the spinal gray matter were topographically appropriate from the earliest stages of innervation. Thus visula cortical axons never formed connections in the spinal cord, forelimb sensorimotor axons arborized only in the cervical enlargement, and hindlimb cortical axons terminated only in the lumbar cord at all stages of development examined. Corticospinal arbors formed from collaterals that extended at right angles from the shafts of primary axons, most likely by the process of interstitial branching after the primary growth cone had extended past the target. Once collaterals extended into the spinal gray matter, highly branched terminal arbors formed within 2–4 days, beginning at about 4 and 8 days postnatal for the cervical and lumbar enlargements, respectively. These results show that specificity in connectivity is achieved by selectivty growth of axon collaterals in to appropriate spinal targets from the beginning and not by the later remodeling of intially diffuse connections. In contrast, errors occur in the initial outgrowth of axons in the corticospinal tract, which are subsequently corrected. Copyright © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

巨乳缩小成形固定术

Twenty-eight breasts of 15 patients with macromastia underwent reduction mammaplasty from 1982 to 1989. We followed up these patients postoperatively for 6 months to 7 years. The follow-up time for 8 patients was over 1 year, and 4 patients over 5 years. And 3 patients labored and lactated. These 15 patients were satisfied with this operative results. The operative technology was based on Pitange's method. This method improved the site of the nipple, transposition of nipple-areola complex, and design of dermal pedicle, so that it had better effects in the breast shape, breast fixation and incision scar concealed. We suggest that the purpose of macromastia treated in reducing volume, improving breast shape, preserving lactating function. This paper also discusses the methods for nipple site, nipple-areola complex transposition, breast resection and mastopexy.