医院实验平台管理机制和运行模式探讨

阐述了实验平台在医院科研工作中的重要地位和作用,明确了实验平台的功能定位,探讨了实验平台的管理机制和运行模式。     

反复上呼吸道感染T细胞亚群特点及与球蛋白的相关性

目的探讨反复上呼吸道感染(FURI)患者的细胞及体液免疫特征。方法收集现症及恢复期FURI患者各28例,选取健康体检者20例作为对照;用流式细胞术检测外周血CD4CD45RA及CD4CD45RO T细胞亚群的含量;运用速度散射比浊法测定IgG、IgA及IgM的含量;将T细胞亚群及Ig数量进行相关性分析。结果以上两组CD4CD45RA的变化趋势为现症组<恢复组<健康组(F=3.541,p=0.002),而CD4CD45RO为现症组>恢复组>健康组(F=3.612,p=0.001);IgG及IgA的变化趋势为:现症组<恢复组<健康组(F=3.023,p=0.012;F=2.862,p=0.018),IgM的组间变化趋势是:现症组>恢复组>健康组(F=2.592,p=0.026);相关性分析显示CD4CD45RA与CD4CD45RO呈显著负相关性,CD4CD45RO与IgM呈正相关性,CD4CD45RA与IgG及IgA均呈显著正相关性(均为p<0.05)。结论以CD4CD45RA/CD4CD45RO为代表的细胞免疫及以Ig为代表的体液免疫在URI发病及转归中发挥重要作用。     

In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and its effect on birth weight of offspring

To examine the effect of in utero BPA exposure on the birth weight of offspring, a total of 587 children from families in which parent(s) did or did not have occupational exposure to BPA were examined. Their birth weights were obtained by an in-person interview of the mother. Parental BPA exposure level during the index pregnancy was determined through personal air sampling measurements and exposure history. After controlling for potential confounders, parental exposure to BPA in the workplace during pregnancy was associated with decreased birth weight. The association was stronger for maternal exposure which is statistically significant (P = 0.02). A dose-response relationship was observed with increased BPA exposure levels in pregnancy associated with greater magnitude of decrease of birth weight in offspring (P = 0.003). Our findings provide the new epidemiologic evidence suggesting that in utero exposure to BPA during pregnancy may be associated with decreased birth weight in offspring.     

T-lymphoblastic lymphoma cells express high levels of BCL2, S1P1, and ICAM1, leading to a blockade of tumor cell intravasation

The molecular events underlying the progression of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) to acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) remain elusive. In our zebrafish model, concomitant overexpression of bcl-2 with Myc accelerated T-LBL onset while inhibiting progression to T-ALL. The T-LBL cells failed to invade the vasculature and showed evidence of increased homotypic cell-cell adhesion and autophagy. Further analysis using clinical biopsy specimens revealed autophagy and increased levels of BCL2, S1P1, and ICAM1 in human T-LBL compared with T-ALL. Inhibition of S1P1 signaling in T-LBL cells led to decreased homotypic adhesion in?vitro and increased tumor cell intravasation in?vivo. Thus, blockade of intravasation and hematologic dissemination in T-LBL is due to elevated S1P1 signaling, increased expression of ICAM1, and augmented homotypic cell-cell adhesion.     

2017第二届全国放疗靶区勾画学习班在北京成功举办

目的 评价SBRT肺部肿瘤的安全性及临床疗效。方法 回顾分析2012—2015年在浙江省肿瘤医院经SBRT的200例肺部肿瘤患者。早期原发性NSCLC 118例,肺孤立转移82例,80%等剂量线作为处方剂量覆盖95%PTV,100%等剂量线覆盖100%IGTV,4.0~18.0 Gy/次,每天或隔天1次,BED为40.0~151.2 Gy (中位数100 Gy)。结果 所有患者均完成治疗,随访率96.0%。原发瘤组CR率14.8%(17/115),PR率65.2%(75/115)。转移瘤组组CR率25%(19/77),PR率38%(29/77)。2、3级急性RP发生率分别为4.7%、3.1%。中位随访时间14.9个月,1、2年原发和转移瘤组LC率分别为95.7%、84.3%和92%、73%,OS率分别为94.5%、92.0%和85%、62%。结论 SBRT对早期原发性NSCLC和肺孤立转移瘤的1、2年LC、OS率较高且发症低,是一种安全有效的治疗手段。     

非手术序列化治疗单侧梅尼埃病48例

目的 探讨按听力分期进行非手术序列化治疗梅尼埃病的疗效。 方法 将单侧梅尼病患者48例按听力分期进行序列化治疗,Ⅰ期患者给予常规饮食控制、扩血管、营养神经及维生素药物治疗;Ⅱ期患者在常规治疗的基础上加用鼓室或耳后乳突骨膜下注射甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠40 mg,1次/3 d,共3次,效果不佳时加用鼓膜置管及鼓室充气治疗;Ⅲ期患者常规治疗基础上加鼓膜置管后鼓室灌注甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠40 mg, 1次/3 d,共3次,及应用鼓气球鼓室充气治疗;Ⅳ期患者在常规治疗基础上,加用庆大霉素4万U+0.5%碳酸氢钠0.5 mL鼓室注射1次/周,根据患者眩晕、听力变化、耳鸣情况决定注射次数,一般为2~3次,对于前庭功能低下患者进行前庭功能康复训练。观测48例患者眩晕、听力、活动能力及耳鸣变化18~24个月。 结果 眩晕完全控制12例,基本控制33例,部分控制3例,临床有效率为93%。听力改善为A级(改善>30 dB或各频率<20 dB)12例;B级(改善15~30 dB)6例;C级(改善0~14 dB)29例;D级(改善<0 dB)1例,听力下降10 dB。活动能力完全控制(A级)16例,基本控制(B级)32例,临床有效率为100%。各期耳鸣患者治疗后的耳鸣致残量表得分均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义,P<0.05。 结论 按听力分级非手术序列化治疗梅尼埃病眩晕基本控制率高,活动能力明显改善,Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者听力改善明显,而各期耳鸣均有显著改善。该方法操作简单方便,不良反应少,手术风险避免,患者医疗费用降低。     

Structure and function of the SWIRM domain, a conserved protein module found in chromatin regulatory complexes

The SWIRM domain is a module found in the Swi3 and Rsc8 subunits of SWI/SNF-family chromatin remodeling complexes, and the Ada2 and BHC110/LSD1 subunits of chromatin modification complexes. Here we report the high-resolution crystal structure of the SWIRM domain from Swi3 and characterize the in vitro and in vivo function of the SWIRM domains from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Swi3 and Rsc8. The Swi3 SWIRM forms a four-helix bundle containing a pseudo 2-fold axis and a helix-turn-helix motif commonly found in DNA-binding proteins. We show that the Swi3 SWIRM binds free DNA and mononucleosomes with high and comparable affinity and that a subset of Swi3 substitution mutants that display growth defects in vivo also show impaired DNA-binding activity in vitro, consistent with a nucleosome targeting function of this domain. Genetic and biochemical studies also reveal that the Rsc8 and Swi3 SWIRM domains are essential for the proper assembly and in vivo functions of their respective complexes. Together, these studies identify the SWIRM domain as an essential multifunctional module for the regulation of gene expression.     

Effects of losartan on urinary secretion of extracellular matrix and their modulators in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microalbuminuria

PURPOSE: Angiotensin II receptor Type 1 antagonists postpone the development of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We hypothesize that Losartan may ameliorate renal function in diabetic patients through the regulation on the generation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and fibrinolytic regulators. METHODS: Twenty-two type 2 DM patients with microalbuminuria were treated with 50-100 mg/day of Losartan for 6 months. Urinary secretion of TGF-, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tissue and urokinase plasminogen activators (tPA and uPA) fibronectin, collagen IV and plasma levels of TGF-beta, PAI-1, tPA and uPA of the patients before and after the treatment were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunoabosorbance assay. RESULTS: Losartan effectively reduced arterial blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion. The levels of TGF-beta in urine, but not in plasma, were reduced after 2, 4 and 6 months of the treatment (-32% to -48%, P < 0.05 or 0.01). Urinary or plasma levels of PAI-1, tPA or uPA, and urinary secretion of fibronectin or collagen IV were not significantly altered by Losartan treatment. Urinary levels of collagen IV positively correlated with uPA, and that of fibronectin negatively correlated with PAI-1 in the patients (P < 0.01). Urinary TGF-beta negatively correlated uPA in urine of the patients (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Losartan reduced urinary excretion of TGF-beta and albumin in type 2 DM patients with microalbuminuria. Fibrinolytic regulators and TGF-beta are implicated in the regulation of ECM turnover in kidneys of the patients with diabetic nephropathy.