乳腺癌p21 WAF1基因多态性及其临床意义

目的探讨乳腺癌组织p21 WAF1基因多态性及其临床意义.方法采用聚合酶链反应单链构象多态性技术(PCR-SSCP)法检测100例乳腺癌组织p21 WAF1基因的结构变异,同时应用免疫组织化学SP法检测乳腺癌组织p21 WAF1的蛋白表达.结果 5%(2/40)的对照组组织出现多态性,18%(18/100)的乳腺癌组织出现两种多态性,两组间差异有显著性(x2=30.94,P＜0.05);p21 WAF1基因多态性与蛋白表达(r=0.576,P＜0.01)和组织学分级(r=0.360,P＜0.01)呈正相关.结论 p21 WAF1基因多态性在乳腺癌组织中明显增加;p21 WAF1基因多态性可能与促进细胞增殖和增强对癌的易感性有关.     

糖尿病患者血清中CA19-9水平与唾液酸及Lewis血型的关系

目的 探讨2型糖尿病(2DM)患者血清中CA19-9水平升高的原因.方法 对1 000例2DM患者及正常对照进行CA19-9、唾液酸(SA)、HbA1c及Lewis血型检测及相关分析.结果 2DM患者中,CA19-9均值高于对照组,CA19-9阳性率为17.9%.CA19-9阳性2DM患者SA均值低于对照组,CA19-9与SA水平负相关(r=-0.675,P＜0.01).CA19-9阳性Lewisa b-型2DM患者CA19-9水平明显高于Lewisa-b 型患者,并且与SA水平负相关程度提高(r=-0.791,P＜0.01),而CA19-9与HbA1c水平呈正相关(r=0.592,P＜0.01).CA19-9阳性2DM患者治疗后,CA19-9水平下降明显,SA显著升高.结论 2DM患者CA19-9升高是Lewisa血型物质与唾液酸和葡萄糖非酶促反应的结果,非恶性升高.2DM患者治疗后,CA19-9水平下降.     

Cotransfection of Survivin and CD44v3 Short Hairpin RNAs Affects Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Invasiveness of Colorectal Cancer

Introduction

Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in humans, and the incidence rate is gradually increasing year by year. Survivin and CD44v3 are ideal targets for gene therapy due to their overexpression in colorectal cells. Studies show that downregulation of survivin could promote apoptosis and depress proliferation, and reduction of CD44v3 expression could inhibit tumor invasive capacity. It is difficult to achieve satisfactory curative effect.

Objective

In this study, we use survivin and CD44v3 short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) combined transfection into colorectal cancer cell line SW480 to investigate its effects on the cell apoptosis, proliferation and invasiveness.

Methods

ShRNA plasmids targeting survivin and CD44v3 were singly or co-transfected into SW480 cells.

Results

The co-transfection group exhibited the most significant inhibitory effect on cell growth (P < 0.05) and the highest apoptosis rate (P < 0.05). In addition, the invasive capacity in the co-transfected group was the least. The tumor inhibition rate of the cotransfected group in xenograft tumor mice was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, the microvessel density of the co-transfected group was significantly decreased compared with other groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

These results suggest combined transfection of survivin shRNA and CD44v3 shRNA may produce a synergistic effect on gene therapy in colorectal cancer.     

体部恶性肿瘤的立体定向放射治疗(附21例近期疗效)

目的：报道立体定向放射治疗体部恶性肿瘤的近期疗效。方法：对原采用放射治疗的病变,如肺癌,分次立体定向放射作为追加剂量,每次５￣７Ｇｙ,共４￣７次;对原不适合放射治疗的病变,如胰腺癌,则单用立体定向放射治疗,每次５￣７Ｇｙ,共６￣７次。结果：总有效率为６６．７％,４例死亡。３例胰腺癌均于治疗后５￣６个月死于肿瘤未控。６例脊椎转移瘤疼痛症状均完全缓解。结论：立体定向放射治疗可得到良好的姑息甚至根治的疗     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中胆囊动脉出血的防范和处理

目的　探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)术中胆囊动脉出血的防范和处理方法。方法　回顾性分析本院近年 50 0 0例LC的临床资料 ,总结LC术中胆囊动脉出血的原因、预防及处理方法。结果　50 0 0例LC中 2 0例发生胆囊动脉出血 ,但均得到有效控制 ,无因此而中转开腹手术者 ,术后无继发出血或肝胆管损伤。结论　熟练的腹腔镜操作技能 ,良好的心理素质 ,注重LC术中胆囊动脉出血的防范和正确处理 ,避免盲目止血 ,是保证手术成功并避免发生肝胆管损伤等其他严重并发症的关键     

The psychometric validation of a 1-week recall period for the OAB-q

Introduction and hypothesis  

As shorter recall periods are sometimes preferable to longer recall periods, the objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and measurement properties of the 1-week recall version of the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q).     

Efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine extended release in male and female patients with overactive bladder

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of tolterodine extended release (ER) in men and women with overactive bladder (OAB). METHODS: We analyzed data from two 12-wk, placebo-controlled trials of tolterodine ER (4mg QD). Patients completed 7-d bladder diaries and rated the urgency sensation associated with each micturition on a 5-point urgency rating scale. Micturitions were categorized by urgency rating: total (1-5), non-OAB (1-2), OAB (3-5), or severe OAB (4-5). Changes in micturitions during 24-h, daytime, and nocturnal intervals were assessed. RESULTS: At baseline, 73% (547 of 745) of men and 57% (539 of 953) of women were continent. By week 12, tolterodine ER (n=848) reduced OAB and severe OAB micturitions during 24-h, daytime, and nocturnal intervals in both sexes compared with placebo (n=850). Adverse event rates were low and similar across treatment and gender. CONCLUSIONS: In men and women with OAB, tolterodine ER reduced OAB and severe OAB micturitions, and was well tolerated.