Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder in acute trauma patients: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most commonly reported mental health consequences, followed by disasters and traumatic events, either natural or man-made. At present, there are no unified results for the prevalence rate of PTSD in patients suffering from acute trauma and related influencing factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the existing literatures, thus obtaining a comprehensive estimation of the combined prevalence rate of PTSD and related factors in trauma patients, so as to provide evidence support for clinical disease prediction models and intervention strategies.Methods:Published articles will be retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database. Research reports will be searched in March 2021. STATA 14.0 software will be applied for data analysis. Mantel–Haenszel fixed effect model or DerSimonian–Laird random effect model will be selected to estimate the pooled prevalence of PTSD in patients with acute trauma and associated factors.Results:We will disseminate the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis via publications in peer-reviewed journals.Conclusions:The results of this analysis can be used to establish a risk prediction model of PTSD in patients experiencing acute trauma, so as to provide intervention strategies.OSF Registration Number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/Z275U.     

Effects of diallyl trisulfide on induction of apoptotic death in murine leukemia WEHI‐3 cells in vitro and alterations of the immune responses in normal and leukemic mice in vivo

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a chemopreventive dietary constituent and extracted from garlic, has been shown to against cultured many types of human cancer cell liens but the fate of apoptosis in murine leukemia cells in vitro and immune responses in leukemic mice remain elusive. Herein, we clarified the actions of DATS on growth inhibition of murine leukemia WEHI‐3 cells in vitro and used WEHI‐3 cells to generate leukemic mice in vivo, following to investigate the effects of DATS in animal model. In in vitro study, DATS induced apoptosis of WEHI‐3 cells through the G0/G1 phase arrest and induction of caspase‐3 activation. In in vivo study DATS decreased the weight of spleen of leukemia mice but did not affect the spleen weight of normal mice. DATS promoted the immune responses such as promotions of the macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell activities in WEHI‐3 leukemic and normal mice. However, DATS only promotes NK cell activities in normal mice. DATS increases the surface markers of CD11b and Mac‐3 in leukemia mice but only promoted CD3 in normal mice. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DATS induces cell death through induction of apoptosis in mice leukemia WHEI‐3 cells. DATS also promotes immune responses in leukemia and normal mice in vivo. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 1343–1353, 2015.     

Protective effect of Juglanin against doxorubicin-induced cognitive impairment in rats: Effect on oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic machineries

Metabolic Brain Disease - Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer drug, however, side effects such as cognitive impairment and cardiotoxicity have limited its clinical use. Juglanin (JUG) is a...     

广西百色市苗族青少年脂肪发育和分布特点

目的:利用生物电阻抗法测量广西百色市苗族青少年身体各部脂肪含量的数值,探讨广西百色市苗族青少年脂肪分布特点与规律。方法:在知情同意的情况下,随机整群抽取广西百色市733例(女为303例,男为430例)11~17岁苗族健康青少年作为研究对象,应用体成分分析仪对所有受试者进行测量,所有数据均用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行统计学处理。结果:广西百色市苗族青少年各年龄段的脂肪总量、躯干脂肪量、四肢脂肪量,女性均大于男性。总体广西百色市苗族青少年的身体各部脂肪含量随年龄增长而增加,女性的增加趋势更加显著。结论:苗族青少年脂肪含量随年龄变化特点符合一般青少年发育的正常规律。苗族青少年脂肪发育和分布存在性别差异。     

Synthesis and Microphase Separation of PS‐b‐P(MA‐alt‐St) Block Copolymers and Their Ionomers for the Design of Polymer Crystallization Nucleation Agents

Several well‐controlled polystyrene‐block‐poly(styrene‐alt‐maleic anhydride) (PS‐b‐P(St‐alt‐MA)) functionalized block copolymers (BCs) and their sodium salt ionomers with different block ratios and molecular weights are synthesized through two‐step reversible addition–­fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) images and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results reveal that the prepared BCs and their ionomers microphase separate into various nanostructures depending on the block ratios. By taking advantage of the formation of amphiphilic nanostructures via the microphase, the block ionomers serve as nucleation agents to improve the crystallization rate of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). The crystallization behavior of PET upon the addition of block ionomers is investigated isothermally and non‐isothermally by DSC. The results show that the block ionomers can effectively accelerate the crystallization rate of PET, which strongly depends on the molecular weights and block ratios

     

Translation and validation of Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 into Chinese: CAIMS2

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity, reliability, and cultural relevance of the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 (AIMS2) as a health assessment tool for Chinese-speaking patients with arthritis. METHODS: The cultural relevance, language equivalency, and content validity of the AIMS2, Chinese version (CAIMS2) were evaluated by an expert panel. Measurement performance was tested on 240 subjects (rheumatoid arthritis = 81, osteoarthritis = 77, healthy = 82). Subjects (n = 175) were retested within 2 weeks for testing of reliability. RESULTS: Three items were modified and 2 items were added, as suggested by the expert panel. Interitem reliability was satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.8552-0.9594). Test-retest reliability of the CAIMS2 subscales ranged from 0.770 to 0.952 in subjects in whom the CAIMS2 was self administered. Significant score differences between patients with arthritis and healthy subjects were found in all 12 subscales, except for the support from family and friends and tension subscales. CAIMS2 subscale scores correlated with clinical and laboratory measures of disease activity and patients' perceived quality of life as measured using the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. CONCLUSION: Empirical data support CAIMS2 is a valid and reliable health status measure for Chinese speaking patients with arthritis.     

Primary adrenal insufficiency in a child with a mitochondrial DNA deletion

Mitochondrial disorders can affect any organ system, but certain tissues, such as skeletal muscle, heart, and brain are more susceptible to oxidative phosphorylation defects because of their high energy requirements. Endocrinological manifestations, especially diabetes mellitus, are common but they rarely dominate the clinical picture. We describe a 5-year-old girl who died of primary adrenal insufficiency with a mitochondrial disease. Biochemical studies in muscle showed decreased respiratory chain enzyme activities. We detected a novel 7.0 kb mtDNA deletion in muscle from the proband, but not in her mother's white blood cells. Our findings further enlarge the spectrum of clinical presentation associated with mitochondrial DNA deletions.     

Role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in hyperoxia-induced lung injury

Glutamate (Glu) N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor is present in the lungs, and NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 attenuates oxidant lung injury. We hypothesized that Glu excitotoxicity may participate in the pathogenesis of hyperoxia-induced lung injury. To determine possible pulmonary protective effects, we administered 0.05 ml/kg MK-801 or saline intraperitoneally daily to neonatal rats exposed to more than 95% oxygen in air. After 7 days, MK-801 decreased the hyperoxia-associated elevation of wet-to-dry lung weight, total leukocyte and neutrophil counts, total protein and lactate dehydroase in BAL fluid, total myeloperoxidase activity, and lung pathological injury. MK-801 inhibited hyperoxia-associated increments in reactive oxygen species production and NF-kappaB production. Hence, NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 ameliorates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats, and is associated with decreased reactive oxygen species and NF-kappaB. We conclude that Glu may play an important role in hyperoxia-induced lung injury by activation of NMDA receptor.     

Radiofrequency ablation of atrial tachycardia originating from the triangle of Koch

Atrial tachycardia (AT) originating in the triangle of Koch is reported rarely and presents a potential risk of atrioventricular (AV) block during radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation. Eight patients with AT in the triangle of Koch undergoing RF ablation are presented. There were five women and three men, ranging in age from 32 to 74 years. One patient had bicuspid aortic valve disease, and the other seven patients had no structural heart disease. At electrophysiological study, AT was inducible in all eight patients. In one patient, AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia was also inducible. The site of AT was located by recording the earliest atrial activation during AT and successful RF ablation. Fluoroscopy confirmed the corresponding site to the region of the triangle of Koch. The earliest atrial activation was 35+/-9 ms before the surface P wave, and was recorded at the apex of the triangle of Koch near the bundle of His in six patients and midway between the bundle of His and coronary sinus os in two patients. At the successful RF application site, His potential was not recorded in any patient. The mean AV ratio was 5:1 (range 1:1 to 12:1). RF ablation at the successful site resulted in accelerated junctional rhythm in four of the eight patients and successfully terminated AT in all eight patients, with first-degree AV block in one patient. In conclusion, AT from the triangle of Koch is a distinct entity and RF ablation can be successfully performed; however, a potential risk of AV block remains.