AO肩锁钢板钩治疗重型肩锁关节脱位

目的评估AO肩锁钢板钩治疗重型肩锁关节脱位的手术疗效.方法回顾性分析两年来27例手术病人的手术治疗和疗效.结果手术方法符合生理结构,手术时间平均30分钟,内固定牢靠.根据Murley和Constant[1]评分,优良率94%.结论 AO肩锁钢板钩治疗重型肩锁关节脱位,手术方法简单,疗效可靠,允许病人术后早期功能锻炼.     

Attachment and spreading of fibroblasts on an RGD peptide-modified injectable hyaluronan hydrogel

Hyaluronan (HA) hydrogels resist attachment and spreading of fibroblasts and most other mammalian cell types. A thiol-modified HA (3,3'-dithiobis(propanoic dihydrazide) [HA-DTPH]) was modified with peptides containing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence and then crosslinked with polyethylene glycol (PEG) diacrylate (PEGDA) to create a biomaterial that supported cell attachment, spreading, and proliferation. The hydrogels were evaluated in vitro and in vivo in three assay systems. First, the behavior of human and murine fibroblasts on the surface of the hydrogels was evaluated. The concentration and structure of the RGD peptides and the length of the PEG spacer influenced cell attachment and spreading. Second, murine fibroblasts were seeded into HA-DTPH solutions and encapsulated via in situ crosslinking with or without bound RGD peptides. Cells remained viable and proliferated within the hydrogel for 15 days in vitro. Although the RGD peptides significantly enhanced cell proliferation on the hydrogel surface, the cell proliferation inside the hydrogel in vitro was increased only modestly. Third, HA-DTPH/PEGDA/peptide hydrogels were evaluated as injectable tissue engineering materials in vivo. A suspension of murine fibroblasts in HA-DTPH was crosslinked using PEGDA plus PEGDA peptide, and the viscous, gelling mixture was injected subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice; gels formed in vivo following injection. After 4 weeks, growth of new fibrous tissue had been accelerated by the sense RGD peptides. Thus, attachment, spreading, and proliferation of cells is dramatically enhanced on RGD-modified surfaces but only modestly accelerated in vivo tissue formation.     

Gaucher disease: in vivo evidence for allele dose leading to neuronopathic and nonneuronopathic phenotypes

Gaucher disease, a common lysosomal storage disorder, is associated with mutations at the acid beta-glucosidase (GCase) locus. Two affected individuals are described to share a common mutant allele, but manifest different clinical categorical phenotypes. A 57-year-old female, with Gaucher disease type 1 and Cherokee ancestry, was homozygous for a rare mutant allele encoding Lys79Asn (K79N). A 2-year-old Caucasian male, with Gaucher disease type 3 and Cherokee ancestry, was a heteroallelic homozygote for this same allele (K79N) and a novel complex mutation (null allele). The shared alleles were identical as determined by complete gene sequencing, suggesting a founder effect. The discrepant phenotypes (types 1 and 3) in these two patients provide support for a threshold of residual activity necessary to "protect" the central nervous system (CNS) from the pathogenic effects of Gaucher disease, indicating an allele dose-effect. Designation of genotype associations with specific phenotypes must be assessed with this perspective.     

用足孕期畸形学指标评价毫米波辐射对小鼠植入后胚胎生长发育的影响

本实验用频率36.11GHz、功率密度为10.0mW/cm~2的毫米波,在小鼠怀孕6～15d时进行2h/d的照射,在孕期终了用足孕期畸形学指标进行分析。结果显示,毫米波照射可导致足孕期孕鼠体重、体重增加数和胎鼠体重的明显降低,胎盘重明显减轻,足孕时胎仔身长及尾长均减短,照射未导致孕鼠脑、肝、肾、卵巢等脏器重量(右肾除外)及脏器/体重比值、活胎数、死胎数、吸收数等指标发生明显变化,亦未导致胎鼠外表发生畸形、内脏发生畸形,或骨骼畸形增多。     

Collagen-coated polylactide microspheres as chondrocyte microcarriers

Polylactide (PLA) microspheres were coated with collagen for cell culture and injectable cell carriers. Utilizing a method of emulsion-solvent evaporation, PLA microspheres with diameter ranging from 180 to 280 microm were prepared, followed with aminolysis in hexanediamine/n-propanol solution to introduce free amino groups on their surfaces. After the amino groups were transferred into aldehyde groups by a treatment of glutaraldehyde, collagen type I was covalently coupled via Schiff base formation between the aldehyde groups and the amino groups on collagen molecules. Meanwhile, physically entangled collagen molecules were retained following a grafting-coating protocol to yield microspheres coated with larger amount of collagen. Aminolysis resulted in weight loss of the microspheres following a linear relationship with the aminolysis time. The NH2 and collagen contents existed on the microsphere surface were quantitatively determined by ninhydrin and hydroproline (Hyp) analyses, respectively. Larger amount of collagen was immobilized on the microspheres with higher content of NH2. In vitro chondrocyte culture revealed that the cells could attach, proliferate and spread on these PLA microspheres, in particular on the ones having higher content of collagen. These results show that the collagen-coated PLA microspheres are promising candidate as cell microcarriers.     

用于杀虫剂评价的水池中无脊椎动物的群落结构及其种群动态

实验水池是评价杀虫剂效应和安全生的重要场所，水池中无脊椎动物群落结构和种群动态是评价杀虫剂的基础资料和考核指标，本文报告１９９２年至１９９３年在美国佛罗里达中部地区对应用于杀虫剂评价的实验水池中昆虫与其它无脊椎动物群落结构及其优势种的种群动态研究结果，用羽化诱捕、勺舀、网拉及挖取底物法，从实验水池中共采到昆虫与其它无脊椎动物５０余类，其中，羽化诱捕到的昆虫中摇蚊占９３．９％，蜉蝣目昆虫占４．６％，     

Short-term enzyme replacement in the murine model of Sanfilippo syndrome type B

The Sanfilippo syndrome type B (MPS III B) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by deficiency of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3. 2.1.50), one of the lysosomal enzymes required for the degradation of heparan sulfate. The disease is characterized by profound neurodegeneration but relatively mild somatic manifestations, and is usually fatal in the second decade. A mouse model had been generated by disruption of the Naglu gene in order to facilitate the study of pathogenesis and the development of therapy for this currently untreatable disease. Recombinant human alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (rhNAGLU) was prepared from secretions of Lec1 mutant Chinese hamster ovary cells. The enzyme, which has only unphosphorylated high-mannose carbohydrate chains, was endocytosed by mouse peritoneal macrophages via mannose receptors, with half-maximal uptake at ca. 10(-7) M. When administered intravenously to 3 month-old mice, rhNAGLU was taken up avidly by liver and spleen but marginally if at all by thymus, lung, kidney, heart, and brain (in order of diminishing uptake). The half-life of the enzyme was 2.5 days in liver and spleen. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy showed that only macrophages were involved in enzyme uptake and correction in these two organs, yet the storage of glycosaminoglycan was reduced to almost normal levels. The results show that the macrophage-targeted rhNAGLU can substantially reduce the body burden of glycosaminoglycan storage in the mouse model of Sanfilippo syndrome III B.     

SCL-90抑郁和敌对因子特殊作用的量化研究

目的采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对22831名大学入学新生进行心理健康状况普查,研究抑郁和敌对因子特殊作用。方法运用聚类分析把大学新生分为存在4个自然群：G1-无症状组;G2-轻度症状组;G3-中度症状组;G4-重度症状组。再对4个自然群进行回归分析。结果SCL-90新生测查中,抑郁因子对大学新生的心理问题的预测力最高;敌对因子等因子对大学新生中度心理问题具有较高预测力。结论抑郁和敌对因子对大学新生的心理问题干预具有较高的实践意义。     

Real-time PCR for quantitation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2 in naturally-infected and challenged pigs

Real-time PCR assays were developed for quantitative detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). The established real-time PCR for the quantitation of PRRSV cDNA and PCV2 DNA were found to be in the 9-log(10) linear dynamic range with excellent linearity and reliable reproducibility. Using these techniques, the distribution and quantitation of PRRSV and PCV2 in naturally infected and challenged pigs were investigated. The viral concentrations were expressed as the mean log(10) viral DNA or cDNA copy numbers per mg or ml of tested samples. For pigs infected naturally with both viruses, the lung, spleen, tonsil and lymphoid organs had the highest viral burdens with ranges from 5.73 to 8.38 and 5.65 to 6.91 for PRRSV and PCV2, respectively. The injection of formalin-inactivated Salmonella choleraesuis emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant 1 week before and after the inoculation of both viruses resulted in PRRSV replication enhancement 2 weeks post-challenge. However, this facilitated the clearance of PRRSV 4 weeks post-challenge. Results from this study show that the established quantitative PCR could be a useful tool when applied to vaccine development and pathogenesis studies in the future.