肿瘤坏死因子α基因多态性与老年2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的研究肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)基因多态性与老年2型糖尿病的相关性。方法利用DNA测序法对60例老年2型糖尿病患者及30例正常对照者的TNF-α基因-308位点和-238位点进行基因多态性分析。结果TNF-α基因-308位点在患病组中变异的G/A基因型频率为21.7%,与对照组组间比较有高度显著差异(P<0.01),而-238位点在两组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论TNF-α基因G-308A单核苷酸多态性与老年2型糖尿病可能存在相关性。     

Construction of Smac gene-containing and human prostate specific antigen promoter-regulated vector and its expression

Objective: To construct an eukaryotic expression vector containing Smac gene and study the expression efficiency and specificity of prostate specific antigen(PSA) enhancer/promoter in a possible targeted gene therapy scheme for prostate cancer. Methods: PSA enhancer (PSAE) and promoter (PSAP) sequences were amplified using PCR method. CMV and T7 promoters were deleted from pcDNA3.1-Smac and replaced by the two specific fragments to generate pPSAE-PSAP-Smac. After transfection into different cell lines, the status of cells was observed. And then, we determined the relative concentration of Smac mRNA in RT-PCR. Results: The recombinant plasmid of pPSAE-PSAP-Smac was successfully constructed. And only the prostate cancer cell line PC-3 was suppressed after transfection with pPSAE-PSAP-Smac. However, other nonprostate lines were not. Moreover,the concentration of Smac mRNA regulated by PSA promoter and enhancer was higher in comparison to the CMV promoter-driven control vectors. Conclusion: An expression vector containing the Smac gene (based on elements of the PSA gene regulatory sequences) has been developed and shown to function in prostate cancer cell lines which provides a solid platform for launching clinical studies.     

PDCA在住院医师规范化培训师资教学查房督导中的应用

目的探讨PDCA循环在师资教学查房督导中运用成效,充分发挥督导作用,从而提升师资教学查房质量。方法将2019年师资作为对照组,采用旧的教学查房督导方法,2020年师资作为实验组,在教学查房督导中采取PDCA循环,每季度循环1次,对比2组师资查房考核成绩。结果对照组师资教学查房成绩为86.1175±5.51864,实验组师资教学查房成绩为87.9536±4.20446,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);趋势图显示对照组第1季度至第4季度师资查房成绩分别为87.6、84.95、85.51、86.29,成绩无明显差异,而实验组中第1季度至第4季度师资查房成绩分别为86.8、87.32、88.36、90.15,成绩呈现季度递增。2年度教学查房共性失分点季度改变对比趋势图中显示,PDCA循环后英语教授、检查护理问题、病例特点总结得分呈现季度递增。结论将PDCA循环运用于在师资教学查房督导中,可以有效解决查房中存在的实际问题,使整改更具有目的性,有效提高整改质量,有助于稳步提升师资教学查房水平,具有重要参考意义。     

不同浸泡时间对浙贝母有效成分提取的影响

目的以贝母素甲、贝母素乙作为指标成分,研究不同浸泡时间对浙贝母有效成分提取的影响,考察比较合理的煎煮方法。方法采用高效液相色谱一蒸发光散射器（HPLC—ELSD）法检测,DionexAcclaimC18色谱柱（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈-0．1％二乙胺（70：30）,流速为1．0mL／min;ELSD条件为漂移管温度42℃,载气（高纯N2）流速1．0L／min。结果不同浸泡时间对浙贝母饮片有效成分提取量差异明显。随着饮片浸泡时间的延长,煎煮后药渣的白心率降低,而煎膏得率及其有效成分提取量均增高。结论浙贝母饮片用常规煎煮方法很难煮透,至少应先浸泡1h,才能使有效成分较好地溶出,发挥更好的药效。     

Postnatal ontogeny of dopamine D2 receptors in rat striatum

Studies of the ontogeny of dopamine D2 receptors in rat striatum were carried out using [3H]spiroperidol as ligand in the presence of 30 nM ketanserin. D2 receptors increased with age, and saturation studies indicated that this was due to an increase in receptor density (Bmax) and not to a change in affinity (KA). By 21 days of age, receptor density had reached adult levels. Hill plots indicated no cooperativity in the binding from 7 to 21 days of age. Pharmacologically, receptors at 7, 14 and 21 days of age were similar to those of adult rats, exhibiting characteristics of dopamine D2 receptors. These studies provide a basic analysis of dopamine D2 receptors in rat striatum during early postnatal development.     

30 d-6°头低位卧床对人下肢脂肪体积的影响

目的 观察模拟失重对人下肢脂肪体积的影响,验证磁共振水脂分离成像技术在测量人下肢脂肪容积中的可行性.方法 14名男性健康志愿者,-6°头低位卧床30 d,使用磁共振水脂分离成像(Dixon)技术采集卧床前后的下肢横断面解剖图像,测量卧床前后下肢脂肪体积.结果 与卧床前相比,卧床后所有志愿者下肢总脂肪体积及大腿段脂肪体积显著增加(P＜0.001);小腿段脂肪体积呈增加趋势,但无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 使用MRI水脂分离成像可以清晰地显示卧床前后下肢脂肪体积的变化;-6°头低位卧床30 d后下肢脂肪体积明显增加.     

热乙醇法提取猪血白蛋白工艺改良的探讨

目的介绍运用热乙醇法提取高纯度猪血白蛋白的改良工艺流程。方法采用热乙醇法,在合适的恒温时间和pH值的条件下,分离提纯猪血清白蛋白。结果猪血白蛋白的纯度〉97％,回收率〉80％。检测结果显示,其理化指标均符合《中国生物制品规程2000年版》的要求,适合扩大到中试生产。结论该法与低温乙醇法、利凡诺法和盐析法相比,具有工艺简单、成本低、纯度和回收率高的特点。     

成人型呼吸窘迫综合征的胸部x线表现

本文对10例 ARDS 病人的胸部甲片进行回顾性分析。发现当临床出现呼吸困难时,7例24小时内所照的胸部平片上,肺部均已出现异常 x 线征象。因此认为胸部 x 光片有助于 ARDS 的早期诊断。发现 PaO_2/FiO_2比值的下降或升高与肺部 x 线的恶化或改善平行.部分患者出现肺部感染(2例),纵隔气肿(2例),等并发症。认为系列胸部照片可判断 ARDS 的改善或进展,并能发现胸部并发症的发生。     

Oral microbiota in the oral-genitourinary axis:identifying periodontitis as a potential risk of genitourinary cancers

Periodontitis has been proposed as a novel risk factor of genitourinary cancers:although periodontitis and genitourinary cancers are two totally distinct types ...     

多媒体课件艺术性在医院临床教学中的体现

随着多媒体技术的普及和发展,多媒体课件已成为医学教育改革和实现教学手段现代化的得力手段。文章从多媒体课件的艺术性构图、文字、色彩、视频和声音等几个方面对其在教学中的应用进行了探讨。