固尔苏与珂立苏治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征疗效的比较研究

目的: 评价猪肺表面活性物质(固尔苏)与牛肺表面活性物质(珂立苏)治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)的疗效和安全性?方法:对南京医科大学附属南京儿童医院新生儿重症监护室2007年1月~2009年7月收治的81例使用肺表面活性物质且进行机械通气的RDS患儿进行分析?81例RDS患儿分入两个组:固尔苏组(54例)和珂立苏组(27例)?分别气管插管给药,比较两组用药前后血气指标?机械通气参数?氧合指数?机械通气时间?用氧时间?住院时间和并发症?结果:用药24 h后两组患儿氧合及机械通气参数较用药前明显改善,差异有显著性意义(P均<0.05)?两组用药后的血气指数?机械通气时间?用氧时间?住院时间及并发症,包括动脉导管未闭(patent ductus arteriosus,PDA)?视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)?坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)?气胸?肺出血和死亡发生率均无统计学差异?两组在治疗后都有持续的平均气道压(mean airway pressure,MAP)和氧合指数(oxygenation index,OI)改善,但起效速度有差别?固尔苏组在用药后的4 h内MAP和OI明显降低(P < 0.01),珂立苏在4~8 h内临床起效速度最快(P < 0.05)?结论:固尔苏与珂立苏在给药后的疗效及安全性相当?固尔苏起效速度较珂立苏快,应根据不同的起效速度及时合理调整呼吸机参数,减少并发症的发生?     

社区劳务工人牙周健康的循证口腔护理研究

目的:探讨循证口腔护理模式对劳务工人群牙周健康的干预作用。方法:选择口腔疾病劳务工患者60例,根据循证护理原则制定口腔健康教育方案。分别于干预前及干预后6个月采用自行设计问卷调查其口腔健康知识知晓率和保健行为正确率,于干预前和干预后第1、3、6个月测定患者口腔菌斑指数。结果:干预后患者各项口腔知识知晓率和口腔保健行为正确率均较干预前明显提高(P <0.01);干预后第1、3、6个月,患者口腔菌斑指数均明显低于干预前(P <0.01)。结论:循证口腔护理能够有效提高社区劳务工口腔保健知识,改善口腔保健行为,降低菌斑指数,有助口腔疾病预防和牙周保健,值得推广。     

X线、MSCT和MRI对主动脉夹层的临床运用对比研究

目的对比分析X线、MSCT及MRI在主动脉夹层（AD）中影像学特征,并评价其临床运用价值。方法 30例经手术或行DSA造影证实的AD患者,对其X线、MSCT及MRI检查影像资料进行分析,总结归纳其影像特点。结果 X线仅见AD的间接征象,而MSCT和MRI均能不同程度地显示真假两腔、内膜破口、内膜片及附壁血栓。结论 X线对AD只能提示诊断,而MSCT和MRI可作特异性诊断,并且MRI在显示AD的破口位置、无钙化的内膜片及附壁血栓时均优于MSCT,但对内膜及主动脉壁钙化和急危重者的检查MSCT优于MRI。     

社会支持对乙型肝炎孕产妇心理的影响

目的 探讨社会支持情况对乙肝表面抗原阳性孕产妇心理的影响.方法 随机抽取门诊或住院部就诊的乙肝表面抗原阳性孕产妇67例.采用社会支持评定量表评定乙肝表面抗原阳性孕产妇的社会支持情况;采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表及症状自评量表评定乙肝表面抗原阳性孕产妇的心理状况.结果 抑郁和焦虑均与社会支持呈负相关(,分别为-0.17、-0.22,均P<0.05);症状自评总分与社会支持总分、主观客观支持及支持利用度均呈负相关(r分别为-0.18、-0.07、-0.18,均P<0.05).结论 社会支持程度与乙肝表面抗原阳性孕产妇负性心理情绪反应有联系.在怀孕期间加强家庭、社会、医务人员的社会支持力度,培养乙肝表面抗原阳性孕产妇利用社会支持的能力有助于降低其分娩应激水平.     

孕妇过敏史对新生儿脐血细胞因子的影响

目的筛选新生儿过敏性疾病早期监测的敏感指标,为开展干预提供参考。方法对2012年7—12月在义乌市妇幼保健院就诊的136名孕妇开展问卷调查,并采集新生儿脐血样本测定Ig E、嗜酸性粒细胞和细胞因子等指标,分析孕妇孕前3年内过敏史与脐血相应指标间的关联。结果 50名有过敏史组孕妇其新生儿IL-13(2.84 pg/m L)低于86名无过敏史组孕妇(5.52 pg/m L)(P0.05),IL-4(8.23 pg/m L)低于无过敏史组孕妇(43.33 pg/m L)(P0.05)。IL-13与IL-4间存在相关关系(rs=0.87,P0.01);经偏相关分析,控制IL-13位,IL-4、IL-5、IL-9、IL-10、IFN-γ及Eotaxin之间均存在一定相关关系(P0.01)。结论开展新生儿过敏性疾病早期监测,新生儿脐血筛查IL-13和IL-4是较为敏感的指标。     

3种血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C试剂的比较

目的:对3种血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C试剂盒性能进行评价。方法:比较3种试剂盒的稳定性、精密度、准确度、线性范围及抗干扰能力。结果:3种Cys C试剂盒试剂空白CV分别为:2.56%、5.71%、0.62%;总精密度的CV分别为2.39%、8.50%、5.17%,不同试剂盒检测结果差异明显(P<0.001);平均回收率分别为96.65%、104.41%、62.80%;校准验证的偏差分别为:3.44%、-7.17%、3.05%;在0.5~6.0 mg/L范围内线性良好;黄疸、溶血和脂血对CysC测定均无明显干扰。结论:3种Cys C试剂盒性能均存在不足之处,尚不能满足临床实验室需求。     

肺炎支原体感染患儿D－二聚体检测与临床意义

目的：探讨肺炎支原体感染患儿血浆D－二聚体含量在肺炎支原体感染过程中的变化及临床意义。方法将来自深圳市宝安妇幼保健院2012年7月至2014年3月住院期间的176例肺炎支原体感染患儿依其病程分为感染组（176例）和治愈组（60例）,同时选取70例正常儿童作为对照组,分别测定其血浆D－二聚体及血清肺炎支原体抗体,并对其进行比较分析。结果肺炎支原体感染组患儿血浆D－二聚体水平较治愈组和对照组显著升高（t值分别为4．33和5．11,均P＜0．05）、肺炎支原体感染期间（肺炎支原体抗体滴度水平在1：320及以上者53例,滴度在1：160者65例,滴度1：80的58例）不同抗体水平的患儿血浆D－二聚体水平均无明显差异（t值分别为0．64、0．48和1．40,均P＞0．05）。结论肺炎支原体感染患儿体内存在着凝血、纤溶活性的异常,D－二聚体水平在感染期明显升高。     

RNA Interference-Mediated Knockdown of Bombyx mori Haemocyte-Specific Cathepsin L (Cat L)-Like Cysteine Protease Gene Increases Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki Toxicity and Reproduction in Insect Cadavers

The silkworm’s Cat L-like gene, which encodes a lysosomal cathepsin L-like cysteine protease, is thought to be part of the insect’s innate immunity via an as-yet-undetermined mechanism. Assuming that the primary function of Cat L-like is microbial degradation in mature phagosomes, we hypothesise that the suppression of the Cat L-like gene expression would increase Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteraemia and toxicity in knockdown insects. Here, we performed a functional analysis of Cat L-like in larvae that were fed mulberry leaves contaminated with a commercial biopesticide formulation based on Bt kurstaki (Btk) (i.e., Dipel) to investigate its role in insect defence against a known entomopathogen. Exposure to sublethal doses of Dipel resulted in overexpression of the Cat L-like gene in insect haemolymph 24 and 48 h after exposure. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated suppression of Cat L-like expression significantly increased the toxicity of Dipel to exposed larvae. Moreover, Btk replication was higher in RNAi insects, suggesting that Cat L-like cathepsin may be involved in a bacterial killing mechanism of haemocytes. Finally, our results confirm that Cat L-like protease is part of the antimicrobial defence of insects and suggest that it could be used as a target to increase the insecticidal efficacy of Bt-based biopesticides.     

膀胱炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤2例CT影像报告并文献复习

目的 探讨膀胱炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤(IMTB)的临床特点及CT影像学特征,加强认识以提高诊断水平.方法 回顾性分析2例IMTB患者的临床与影像资料,并结合文献进行探讨.结果 IMTB患者年龄偏小,以无痛性肉眼血尿和排尿困难为最常见症状,好发于顶壁、前壁及侧壁,增强呈"快进慢出"强化征象,无盆腔其它脏器或淋巴结转移.结论 ...     

A Review of Cyanophage–Host Relationships: Highlighting Cyanophages as a Potential Cyanobacteria Control Strategy

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are naturally occurring phenomena, and cyanobacteria are the most commonly occurring HABs in freshwater systems. Cyanobacteria HABs (cyanoHABs) negatively affect ecosystems and drinking water resources through the production of potent toxins. Furthermore, the frequency, duration, and distribution of cyanoHABs are increasing, and conditions that favor cyanobacteria growth are predicted to increase in the coming years. Current methods for mitigating cyanoHABs are generally short-lived and resource-intensive, and have negative impacts on non-target species. Cyanophages (viruses that specifically target cyanobacteria) have the potential to provide a highly specific control strategy with minimal impacts on non-target species and propagation in the environment. A detailed review (primarily up to 2020) of cyanophage lifecycle, diversity, and factors influencing infectivity is provided in this paper, along with a discussion of cyanophage and host cyanobacteria relationships for seven prominent cyanoHAB-forming genera in North America, including: Synechococcus, Microcystis, Dolichospermum, Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis, Planktothrix, and Lyngbya. Lastly, factors affecting the potential application of cyanophages as a cyanoHAB control strategy are discussed, including efficacy considerations, optimization, and scalability for large-scale applications.