人膀胱癌上皮细胞株T24分泌LAK细胞诱导因子（LAK—IF）

从人膀胱上皮癌细胞株T24的亚克隆株T24-8的无血清培养上清液经55%硫酸铵沉淀,再对无离子水透析,得到了有诱导LAK 细胞活性的粗提品。有此作用的因子称为LAK 细胞诱导因子(LAK-IF)。它的分子量为67KD,等电点为pH3.1～3.5。抗人IL-6单抗不能阻断LAK-IF 的作用。LAK-IF 粗提品经Mono-Q 柱快速蛋白液相层析见3个峰。第2峰蛋白质有LAK-IF 活性。     

GK型机械瓣空化可视化研究

对国产GK27型机械二尖瓣进行了单次关闭方式的离体空化实验，采用数码相机拍摄了空泡照片。机械瓣阻塞体关闭后，云状空泡出现在挡座周围，呈放射状向外运动，空化原因是机械瓣关闭时阻塞体与挡座的撞击形成的局部挤压射流，挤压缝隙出口射流速度高达9m/s，局部低压造成空化，在机理上，这是附壁射流引起的旋涡空化。关闭速度是衡量机械瓣空化趋势的重要指标之一。空化历时随心室载荷率的增加而增加，在载荷率为2750mmHg/s时，最大空化历时达440μs。机械瓣空化临界载荷率为420mmHg/s，这比动物实验所得的正常生理条件750mmHg/s低，因此在人体正常生理条件下，机械二尖瓣存在空化的可能。     

Effect of ipratropium bromide on airway and pulmonary muscarinic receptors in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective　To observe the level of muscarinic receptors in airway and lung tissues, and the effect of inhaled ipratropium bromide on these receptors in a rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods　This model was developed by exposure of rats to 250 ppm SO2 gas, 5?h/d, 5d/wk, for a period of 7 wk. The COPD rats inhaled 0.025% aerosolized iratropium bromide for 20 min, 2 times daily, in an airtight chamber. Muscarinic receptors in airway and lung tissues of normal rats, ipratropium bromide-treated COPD rats and the recovering COPD rats were measured by the radio-ligand binding assay. Results　Airway/lung pathology and pulmonary function tests showed that chronic SO2 exposure caused pathophysiologic changes similar to those observed in human COPD. The density (0.038±0.011, pmol/mg protein) and affinity (Kd, 23±11 pmol/L) of muscarinic receptors in airway and lung tissues of COPD rats were not changed compared with those of normal control rats (0.030±0.008 and 29±19, respectively, P>0.05). Densities of the muscarinic receptors were not changed after inhalation of ipratropium bromide for 5 days, but increased significantly after inhalation for 30 days, as compared with those of the untreated COPD rats. The muscarinic receptors returned the normal levels at day 6 after cessation of ipratropium bromide treatment. There were no differences among different groups of rats in equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd). Conclusion　A rat model of COPD with pathophysiologic changes similar to the human counterpart was developed using chronic SO2 exposure. There was no significant change in the number and function of muscarinic receptors in airway and lung tissues of the COPD rats, but upregulation of the muscarinic receptors was observed after long-term inhalation of ipratropium bromide.     

B超对先天性输尿管狭窄的诊断价值

目的：研究超声诊断在先天性输尿管狭窄中的临床价值。方法：对33例输尿管狭窄病例行B超检测,并与X线、手术结果进行对比。结果：B超对输尿管梗阻定位率为93.9%,疾病诊断的符合率81.8%。结论：B超对先天性输尿管狭窄的诊断有较大的优越性和很好的临床价值。     

煤快速加氢热解焦油组成的分析

采用溶剂萃取－化学处理－柱层析相结合的预处理分离程序、色－质联用和色－红联用结合色谱保留值的定性方法,分析研究了内蒙东胜煤快速加氢热解焦油的化学成分和结构,推测鉴定出２００多种化合物,并对具有代表性的１９种多环芳烃进行了定量分析,讨论了快速加氢热解焦油化学成分的结构特征。     

乙烯直接氧化制乙酸的研究

采用固定床流动装置考察了乙烯直接氧化制乙酸的新工艺,并对该过程的催化剂进行研究开发。结果表明,以硅胶为载体、铬氧化物为助剂、Ｐｄ和Ｈ３ＰＯ４的质量分数分别为０．０１５和０．３０时（以载体的质量计）,催化剂具有最佳活性,此时乙烯的转化率和乙酸的选择性分别可达４．４％和６８．９％,乙酸的单程时空收６率达１３４ｇ／（Ｌ．ｈ）。     

煤的热解研究III.煤中官能团与热解生成物

借助化学分析和ＦＴＩＲ光谱分析对我国煤化程度不同的１８ 种煤中官能团的研究表明：煤中官能团含量与煤化程度有关;煤中羧基、羟基及醚键等其他含氧官能团的含量与热解生成物ＣＯ２、Ｈ２Ｏ 和ＣＯ 的产率有关,脂肪—ＣＨ 的含量与甲烷和焦油的产率相关联,芳香—ＣＨ 的含量与热解半焦产率有关。煤的热解生成物主要是煤中官能团的断裂所致。     

肝细胞癌上皮细胞白蛋白和CK7的表达

目的 探讨人类肝癌肝组织是否存在小上皮细胞（small epithelial cell,SEC),这类细胞是否表达白蛋白CK7抗体,对30例人肝细胞肝癌的手术标本材料作免疫组化染色,对其中10例作超微结构观察和白蛋白及CK7的免疫电镜标记。结果 30例中有20例在肝癌肿瘤边缘和增生的小胆管发现有少量SEC。这类细胞既表达白蛋白,又表达CK7。电镜下,这类SEC体积较小,核大,胞质少胞质内主要为游离核糖体,并有胞质内张力微丝及细胞间连接结构。免疫电镜下,10例中有5例可显示在同一SEC同时表达白蛋白和CK7。结论 人肝细胞癌肝中确实存在SEC。这类SEC具有与人肝母细胞瘤和胆道闭锁肝组织中的SEC一样的形态和免疫表型特点。     

骨折与无骨折史患者的定量超声检查比较

目的：用定量超声方法对有骨折史的骨质疏松症患者进行骨量检查,方法用CUBA Clinical型定量骨密度超声仪对393例被疑为骨质疏松的患者进行检测,并根据病史按有无骨折中进行分组。分析二组患者宽频超声衰减（BUA）、超声速率（VOS）、强度指数（SI）与骨折次数的关系。结果：伴有骨折史的骨质疏松症虱的BUA、VOS、SI值都要比无骨折史的患者明显降低（P＝0．000）。结论定量超声值与骨折的发生次数呈负相关,其测定值越低,骨折的发生次数越多;骨的质量下降是造成骨质疏松骨折的主要原因。     

Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells of the pancreas diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration

Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells, also formerly known as osteoclast-like giantcell tumor, is a rare neoplasm of the pancreas and usually diagnosed after pancreatectomy. The presence of non-neoplastic osteoclast-like giant cells is the histological hallmark of this tumor and the diagnosis is usually not difficult on tissue sections. However there have been relatively few reports regarding the cytological features of this type of tumor in literatures.1-4 Here we.